Archives-January 2015

Human resource is of vital importance in any organization. The success of the organization depends immensely on the appropriate utilization and the deployment of the Human resource. It is often felt that that though the utilization of natural resources, availability of physical and financial resources play prominent role in the growth of modern economies, none of these resources is more significant than the committed and efficient man power. Hence organizations have clearly understood that they could get the sustainable competitive advantage through the proper utilization of human resource.

The use of pesticides on the farm is largely governed by voluntary behavior. It is important to understand what drives farmer’s behavior of pesticide use. Health belief models in public health and social psychology argue that persons who have had adverse health experiences are likely to undertake greater preventive behavior which is tested here. A survey of 163 farmers was drawn in Vehari and Lodhran district of southern Punjab. Almost all the farmers were found using pesticides extensively and covering their body partially. Resultantly more than 77% farmers experienced at least one health symptom. The analysis appeared to confirm the hypothesis that farmers who have experienced health problems from pesticide use are having heightened concern about health effects of pesticides than farmers who have not experienced such problems. Farmers who report experiencing such problems are also more likely to report using protective clothing than farmers who do not report having such problems. The study however, does not support the hypothesis that farmers who have had experienced health problems from pesticides are likely to use alternative pest management practices. Finally study concludes that to improve practices of pesticide use, specific and relevant information through training programs should be provided to farmers, focusing health and environmental risks of pesticide use.

The aim of this current article is to illustrate in detail Armenian relativistic formulas and compare them with Lorentz relativistic formulas so that readers can easily differentiate these two theories and visualize how general and rich our Armenian Theory of Special Relativity really is with a spectacular build in asymmetry. Then we are going behind this comparison and illustrating that build in asymmetry inside Armenian Theory of Special Relativity is reincarnating the aether as a universal reference medium, which is not contrary to relativity theory. We mathematically prove the existence of aether and we show how to extract infinite energy from the time-space or sub-atomic aether medium. Our theory explains all these facts and peacefully brings together followers of absolute aether theory, relativistic aether theory or followers of dark matter theory. We also mention that the absolute aether medium has a very complex geometric character, which has never been seen before. We are explaining why NASA's earlier "BPP" and DARPA's "Casimir Effect Enhancement" programs failed. We are also stating that the time is right to reopen NASA's BPP program and fuel the spacecrafts using the everywhere existing aether asymmetric momentum force.

The approaches to QoS support of ATM networks are explained, The Performance of several kinds of schemes such as ABR CBR and VBR are compared based on transit delay and total delay based on all the six Qos parameters. Some simulation work is done and related results are shown and discussed.

A simple high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of dorzolamide hydrochloride and timolol maleate in eye drops formulation is presented. The HPLC separation was undertaken on a Eurospher 100 C-18 25*4.6 (5µm) column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution,(15:3:82 v/v). System suitability was assessed through measurement of factors affecting column efficiency i.e. peak symmetry, capacity factor and resolution. Analytes concentrations were calculated utilizing peak area and peak height. The linearity range (r value > 0.99) was 120-480 µg/ml and 360-1440 µg/ml for timolol maleate and dorzolamide hydrochloride respectively. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for timolol maleate were 5.95µg/ml and 18.03µg/ml. The corresponding values for dorzolamide hydrochloride were 25.18µg/ml and 76.31µg/ml.

Two simple and sensitive spectrophotometric methods (Method A& Method B) in the visible region have been developed for determination of Entacapone in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. Method A is based on Oxidation of Entacapone with Fe(III) under controlled experimental conditions followed by complex formation between Fe(II) and bathophenanthroline to give red colored complex which can be measured at 535 nm. Method B (p-nitroaniline) is based on electrophilic aromatic substitution to form brown colored complex which can be measured at 470 nm. The color obeyed Beer’s law in the concentration range of 2-10 ?g/ml for Method A and 10-50 ?g/ml for Method B respectively. When Pharmaceutical formulations (Tablets) containing Entacapone were analyzed, the results obtained by proposed methods are in good agreement with labeled amounts. Recovery in both methods was 98%-102%.

Globalization has brought about a new perspective and fresh challenges and vast opportunities in its train. Indian agriculture is undergoing a fundamental change wherein the technology and inputs are moving out of the hands of farmers to external suppliers. It is agriculture is confronted by a number of challenges as domestic prices of several commodities have gone up and are much higher than international price. This has made imports attractive adversely affecting exports. The price distortion due to long supply chain in farm produce marketing and the resultant low share of farmers in the final price is an important issue in the development of agriculture. Therefore, there is a need to integrate agriculture sector with commercial and industrial sector on the same business principle. The importance of commodity market, in this respect, needs no emphasis.

Ethnic conflict is a worldwide issue that has challenged many countries since the second half of the twentieth century in particular. As multi-ethnic country Iran, which is positioned at the center of an ethnic conflict area namely the Middle East, has experienced many ethnic conflicts since the formation of the modern nation state in 1906, and especially after Iran’s Islamic revolution in 1979. The main ethnic groups involved in these conflicts are Kurds, Turkmen, Arabs, Baluchs and Azeries. Since the Revolution, Iran had attempted to quarrel the ethnic conflict severely. When Khatami took power, however, he behaved peacefully towards minorities and ethnic tensions eased. Based on the theory that states duplicate their domestic patterns of behavior in their inter-state relations, the paper intends to examine this theory in the case of Iran during Khatami’s administration. The article concludes that when Khatami came to office, he attempted to deal with the ethnic groups on the basis of democratic values. He extended these values to Iran’s foreign policy arena which led to an improvement in relations between Iran and other countries. In other words, he could replicate internal peaceful policy in Iran’s inter-state relations and he made a direct connection between these two spheres.

A novel approach for designing Ultra Low Power and wide dynamic range circuit for multiplexing analog signals is presented. The design operates in weak inversion (Sub threshold) region and uses Source - Coupled Logic (SCL) circuit. The bias current of the SCL gates is varied to scale down linearly the power consumption and the operating frequency. The multiplexer design employs CMOS transistors as transmission gate with dynamic threshold voltage. The design exhibits low power dissipation, high dynamic range and good linearity. The design was implemented in 180 nm technology and was operated at a supply voltage of 400 mV with a bias current ranging in the order of few pA. The ON and OFF resistance of the transmission gate achieved were 27 ohms and 10 M ohms respectively. The power dissipation achieved is around 0.79 µW for a dynamic range of 1µV to 0.4 V.

The Present study, methanol and aqueous extracts of Spathodea campanulata leaves were tested for anti-inflammatory activity (paw edema induced by carrageenan) in rats. The methanolic extract in dose of 200 mg/kg bw showed the significant inhibition of paw edema at the end of 180 min was 0.431% followed by aqueous extract (0.593%). Among the two extracts tested, the methanolic extract showed remarkable activity at 200 mg/kg dose level whereas aqueous extract was not able to show such remarkable significant activities. The extract exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity, which supports the traditional medicinal utilization of the plant.