Archives-August 2015

Laser machining operation is a thermal, separation process, well suitable for several engineering industrial applications. High cutting speed, superior cut quality and low machining costs made laser cutting to become competitive to existing methods of contour cutting. Austenitic stainless steel is a significant engineering metal and it is complex to cut by oxy–fuel formed oxides and high melting point. So, austenitic stainless steel is mostly appropriate to be cut by laser. The cutting process parameters are highly affects the laser cut quality. In this research 1.9 mm austenitic stainless steel is cut with co2 laser. Laser power, cutting speed, gas pressure and focal distance are to be varied. The goal of this research is to narrate these conditions to formations of burr and surface roughness of cut edge. These relationships are engendered and approved with a mathematical model, which is used to forecast and reduce burr height and minimizing the cut edge surface roughness.

One of the most important purposes in reading English written texts is to understand writer's messages. However, it seems that the Iranian EFL learners have fundamental problems in understanding and interpreting English written texts. Making EFL/ESL students aware of efficient reading strategies that help in the reading of English texts has been the concern of educators and researchers, and necessarily reading instructors for years. Educators usually use different text structures such as; compare/contrast, cause/effect, problem/solution and a collection of descriptions to convey the message to their readers. Studies have identified that learners performed differently after they have read different text structures. In this research I investigated 2 groups of Iranian students’ performance after reading two kinds of text structures which are compare/contrast and cause/effect. These groups of subjects were 10 intermediate and 10 advanced levels who participated in study. The results of the study through t-test analysis identified that both groups performed differently after reading the different text structures. Findings of this research could provide significant awareness for both teachers and students to recognize how different reading texts can be organized in terms of difficulty.

Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) own benefit in manufacturing of modern materials, particularly used in the space engineering technology as well as in therapeutic industries. With WEDM advancement, complex components can be able to cut easily those hard to machine with conventional process. Obtained high level of precision component and fine surface finish leads WEDM important, WEDM so perplexing in characteristic, as a result choice of fitting information variables is unrealistic by experimentation process. In any machining process, the machining parameters fundamentally influence quality; cost, time and production rate of a manufactured product. WEDM methodology includes more number of variables that influence its execution. However, in the illumination of the writing study and based on the previous tests, pulse on time, pulse off time, wire pressure, and water pressure are considered for the investigation. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is utilized to show relation between the information and yield reactions by using trial information, gathered based on DOE. MRR and Ra were plotted and examined based on impact of information process parameters. Later on the created design can be used for optimization.

Water in India is primarily a state subject. Water is the main part of our life. It is a fact that if water is used there will be waste. So the waste water generation will never stop. In construction industry concrete being the most widely construction material used, uses most of the water. In construction industry water is used for mixing, aggregate washing, curing of concrete and for washing concrete related mechanical machines. Also water is used for domestic purposes. So as said above when we use water, waste water is produced. And due to this waste water there is a great environmental impact.The present work deals with the results of experimental investigations on waste water used in concrete. Effect of these different types of waste water on various strengths of concrete are studied. Various strengths considered for investigation are compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile. Cube of size 150 mm for compressive strength, beams of size 100 mm X 150 mm X 700 mm for flexural strength, Cylinder dia 150 mm and 300 mm length for Split tensile strength were cast. Results were observe and comparison of results of concrete with that of water showed the significant improvements in the results of various strengths like as compressive strength, flexure strength and splitting strength with different types of waste water.

Earthquake damage in most bridges is the result of excessive seismic displacements and large force demands that have been substantially underestimated during design. The detailed study is carried out for continuous box superstructure & substructure for two lane spans 25 m-35 m-25 m, using IRC class A & 70R loadings. For analysis SAP2000 software is used. The results for 12 different cases have been studied and variation of each parameter is documented in a detailed manner. The impact of class of seismic zones corresponding to different soil conditions are studied. The impact of class of seismic zones corresponding to different soil conditions are compared in Spectral Acceleration coefficient Sa/g, Horizontal seismic coefficient Ah, Vertical seismic coefficient Av, Base shear Vb, Displacement at superstructure level. When comparing spectral acceleration, which depends on dynamic property of structure and supporting soil medium, it varies from 1.36 to 1.67 times, when the soil from hard to soft nature. As far as base shear, displacements are concerned, it increases from 1.6 times of hard soil to medium soil, whereas from medium to soft soil it increases to 1.5 times of medium soil.

As we know radium cutting through PC is readily available from that, we got the idea of our project i.e. "Low cost, thermocol cutter". In this project the microcontroller is the backbone of the hardware circuitry. All the controlling actions are done by the micro controller. A hot rod basically the soldering gun is used for cutting purpose. Here, the thermocol is not actually cut, but it is melted at a specified temperature with the help of soldering gun. So this project is used for cutting different figures and shapes as per the program of the micro controller. Optocouplers are used to provide isolation between the micro controller and the hardware circuitry. Stepper motors are used for controlling the different directions of different axis. Thickness of the thermocol will depend upon the length of the cutter and its heating capacity. Alphabets and numerical are generally cut using this project but figures of all shapes and sizes can be cut up to the limit of the work platform.

The aim of the present study is Legislative review of criminal policy towards the prevention of drug offenses. Position, role and importance of law in society makes an order, regulation, reduced social costs, etc. The basic principles and logic to struggle with drugs is law. It brings a sense of urgency for researchers that in Iran what is the status of preventive law? However given that drug crimes and has become one of the most sophisticated and the most important organized crime, Damage of personal, social, political and economic is essential to deal with criminal comprehensive policy.

Three different concentrations (5.0 ppm; 10.0 ppm; 20.0 ppm & 50.0 ppm) of the aqueous solution of seed powder of Syzigium cumini (L) were used to treat the leaves of mulberry & fed to the fifth instar larvae of polyvoltine, crossbreed silkworm, Bombyx mori (L) (Race : PM x CSR2 ) for first three days; second day & third day; third day (only). The larvae fed with untreated & water treated leaves were also maintained. Bioassays of proteins (S.P. & T.P.) & enzymes (protease & amylase) were carried out on fifth day through the use of mid gut homogenate. Treating the mulberry leaves with herbal preparations (S. cumini ) & feeding them to fifth instar larvae was found reflected into significant improvement in the levels of proteins (S.P. & T.P.) & velocities of biochemical reactions catalyzed by protease & amylase. The pattern of increase in soluble proteins & total proteins in the mid gut tissue were 32.147 to 90.074 percent & 5.657 to 39.052 percent respectively. The activities of mid gut protease & amylase were increased by 21.444 to 83.706 percent and 14.54 to 52.257 percent respectively. The nutrient contents of seed powder of Syzigium cumini (L) serve to improve the digestibility & exert the influence of efficient metabolism in the fifth instar larvae of silkworm, Bombyx mori (L).The herbal formulation like Syzigium seed powder may gear overall biochemical constituency of silkworm larvae, through the significant improvement in the velocity of mid gut enzyme catalyzed biochemical reactions.

Glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea derivative is widely used as hypoglycaemic agent. Glibenclamide is a highly permeable class II drug. Hence, rate of oral absorption is often controlled by the dissolution rate in the gastrointestinal (GI)tract. Therefore, the Liquisolid compact of Glibenclamide has been prepared for the enhancement of dissolution of Glibenclamide. Neusilin US2 was selected as carrier material and Aerosil 200 was selected as coating material. A Central composite factorial design was applied to optimize the drug release profile systematically. The amounts of drug (%) in PEG 400 (X1) and Excipient ratio, R (X2) were selected as independent variables. Angle of repose (Y1), Hardness (Y2) and CPR at 10 min (Y3) were seleced as dependent variables. All the batches of Liquisolid compacts showed significance improvement in dissolution of Glibenclamide. Various dissolution parameters like DP10min, %DE10min and MDT of optimized batch and direct conventional tablet were compared. DSC and XRD analysis of pure Glibenclamide, physical mixture and final formulation indicated that the drug was solubilized in non-volatile vehicle and solubilization of Glibenclamide was the main cause of enhancement of solubility of Glibenclamide. Storage of the prepared formulations at 45°C for one month showed no any chemical incompatibility. It was concluded that, Liquisolid compact technique can be a simple and effective to enhance the dissolution of poorly water soluble drug.

In this article, we proposed an SEIVR mathematical model of the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases among infants taking into consideration passive immunization, treatment of the exposed infants at latent period and the infectious diseases treatment. The basic reproductive number of the mathematical model was obtained using the next generation matrix method. It is generally known that if the number is less than one, the infectious disease will die out with time and if it is greater than one, the disease will spread and become endemic in the community. The epidemiological interpretation of this threshold parameter (basic reproductive number) is connected to the local and global stability of a disease – free equilibrium.