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The contamination of water by toxic heavy metals is a worldwide problem. The presence of hexavalent chromium in waste water is a potential hazard to aquatic life and humans. Biosorption of heavy metals is an important technique used in the removal of toxic metals from various sources like industrial waste, aqueous systems and municipal waste waters. Metal removal technique using non-conventional adsorbents such as microorganisms are cheap because of the low cost of adsorbents used and many represent a practical replacement to conventional processes. There are various mechanisms such as kinetic models and adsorption isotherms employed for the efficient removal of hexavalent chromium from various sources. The present review discusses brief findings of hexavalent chromium removal with the maximum metal uptake by using living and non-living microorganisms as adsorbents.

To study mean platelet volume (MPV) and its relationship with glycemic control in type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Study Design: Case control study Place and Duration: June to November 2012. One hundred Type 2 DM and forty healthy controls were selected through non-probability purposive sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria The subjects were divided into; controls (group I), controlled diabetics (groups II) and uncontrolled diabetics (group III). Blood samples were collected in bottles containing sodium citrate and processed on automated hematoanalyzer. Blood glucose and HbA1c were measured on automated chemistry analyzer. The Data was analyzed on SPSS version 20.0 using one way-ANOVA, Fischer`s LSD and Pearson’s correlation (r). A p-value of <0.05 was taken statistically significant. Out of 140 subjects, male and female in groups I, II and III were found as 26 and 14, 34 and 16, and 22 and 28 respectively. The mean ± SD age was noted as 45.18 ± 8.84, 46.36 ± 5.98 and 43.64 ± 9.01 years respectively (p ? 0.09). A highly significant platelet count difference was observed between groups I and III (p<0.001). The MPV was found as 9.7±0.68, 9.94±0.69 and 11.28±1.15 fl (femtolitre) in three groups respectively (p<0.0001). Significantly higher MPV values were found in uncontrolled diabetic subjects compared with normal healthy controls and controlled diabetics (p=0.0001). The MPV was positively correlated with HbA1c (r=0.540, p=0.0001) and duration of DM (r=0.410, p=0.0001), negatively correlated with platelet count (r=-0.6, p=0.4) and correlation was not found with age (r=0.30, p=0.69) and gender (r=0.10, p=0.20). Mean platelet volume was found elevated in type 2 DM particularly in those having uncontrolled glycemic control. The MPV was positively correlated with HbA1c and duration of DM but negatively correlated with platelet count.

We are very happy to announce that from 8th February 2013, Mr. Kamran Nazari has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Business Management. Mr. Kamran Nazari is currently working as Master of Business Management, University of Payam Nour. Iran. The appointment of Mr. Kamran Nazari as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to chiefeditor@elixirjournal.org. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) occur as a result of problems with the jaw, TM joint, and surrounding facial muscles that control chewing and the movement ofthe jaw.Patients affected by TMD’s present an array of symptoms which include jaw or neck pain, headache, and clicking or grating within the joint. The objective of comprehensive TMD management is not only relief of pain, but the rehabilitation or return of the entire masticatory apparatus to optimum physiologic function. The rationale for such an approach is to minimize the likelihood of exacerbations & chronicity, which are common in TMD. As our dental curricula provide nominal training in TMD management, most dentists have limited understanding of these disorders and its management. Similarly therapists also have little understanding of the importance of the dental role in management of these disorders. Hence treatment of TMD requires an interdisciplinary approach of appropriate and effective dental therapy combined with well executed physiotherapy. Physiotherapy includes modalities (e.g., Iontophoresis, Phonophoresis), relaxation techniques, and complementary therapies (e.g., Acupuncture, Hypnosis) which are used for the treatment of temperomandibular joint disorders and have proven to provide good results.

1,5-benzothiazepine is the main seven-membered heterocyclic ring system and having several cardiac, psychotherapeutic activities. Which has been synthesized by catalytic amount of piperidine mediated condensation of dry toluene with Prenyloxy chalcones (3) and 5-substituted-2-Amino benzenethiols (2). The corresponding prenyloxy chalcones (3) were synthesized by piperidine mediated claisen-schemidt condensation of an ethanolic solution of 4-prenyloxy 2-hydroxy acetophenone (1) with aromatic aldehydes. It was planned to use a weaker base like piperidine instead of using strong base to enhance the better yields. The structures have been established on the basis of elemental (C, H, N) analysis, IR, 1H NMR, Mass spectral data. The compounds (3) and (5) were screened for antimicrobial activities against a variety of bacterial agent.

The importance of religion and religious identities in human lives both in individual and social context is apparent. Religions are a usually part of all cultures which play a key role in people’s daily lives. Taking into account this importance and also the fact that religiousness is a feature in character along using the results gained from the studies conducted regarding the relation between religiousness and psychological and mental health, this study attempts to find the affects of religiousness and positive behaviors on individual and social levels. It also proposes that promoting religiousness and providing religious instructions for the adolescents and youngsters can result in a positive behavior in the context of the society and increase the psychological capital.

The aim of this paper is to introduce a class of sets called soft ß- locally closed sets. Further soft ß - LC continuous map and its irresoluteness are defined in soft topological space along with their characterization.

This study presents the impact of type of ownership structure on share repurchase for Malaysian listed companies by using the pooled panel data analysis for a period of six years (2005 to 2010). Findings from this study indicate that companies with government, foreign and managerial ownership have significant influence on share repurchase. It is concluded that the higher the government ownership, the higher the value of share repurchases transaction and vice versa. Meanwhile, there is an inverse relationship between foreign and managerial ownership; and share repurchase in Malaysia.

By appearing information age and the promotion of interpersonal relationships and the manifest of strategic organizational, the emotional intelligence hypothesis have had a remarkable growth and became one of the popular organizational major. Emotional intelligence is a comprehensive expression including extensive collection of skills and personal specifications which is above certain scope of previous knowledge like technical or professional skills. The influence of emotional intelligence on financial resources attraction of Saderat bank managers has been assessed in current paper. Emotional intelligence dimensions in this study are: self-awareness, self regulating, motivating oneself, empathy, and social skills. the proposed hypotheses by applying Spearman and Friedman tests have been assessed and the positive and meaningful relationship between emotional intelligence and financial resources attraction were approved that motivating oneself, self regulating and self awareness were chosen as the most important ones. Among demographic characteristics there is positive relationship between managers’ age and financial resources attraction. Finally the results of Binomial test show that all variables were placed in high levels.

It is the provision of energy that meets the demands of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their needs. It includes all renewable energy sources such as hydroelectricity, wind energy, solar energy, wave power, geothermal, bio energy and tidal energy. It also includes technologies that designed to improve energy efficiency. The renewable energy technologies are mainly grouped into three sectors as first, second and third generation technologies. Green energy and energy conservation techniques comes under the category of sustainable energy development. Many European countries employ these techniques in the local level. These techniques are implemented right from energy carriers such as hydrogen and liquid nitrogen carriers. The recent statistic figures show that these green sustainable energies of rapid importance as the planet earth is suffering from global warming. This sustainable energy development has got links with all the sectors of energy such as energy production, conservation, and decrease of pollution and to implement techniques that are eco friendly.