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A field experiment was conducted during Kharif, 2013-14 at Main Agricultural Research Station to study the impact of intercropping on sucking pests and their natural enemies in Bt cotton. The results showed that the sucking pests were significantly lower on cotton under intercropping system than sole crop. Among the different intercrops, cotton intercropped with cowpea (1:2) was the best intercropping system which recorded less incidence of leafhopper (2.75/3 leaves), thrips (4.66/leaves) and whitefly (1.03/3 leaves) with more number of natural enemies followed by the cotton intercropped with coriander (1:2) and greengram (1:2). However, cotton + beans was significantly superior in recording the highest total yield (20.46 q/ha) followed by cotton + okra (16.86 q/ha) and cotton + cowpea (16.42 q/ha).

This paper describes key aspects of the informal employment - its size and composition, its linkages with working poverty and provides more complete picture of the dimensions of informal employment in Pakistan using data of Labour Force Survey since 1999-2009. The data show that informal employment in the country is the result of the economy’s inability to create sufficient numbers of quality jobs to absorb increasing labour force. Compared to 3.4 average annual growth rates of labour force from 1999-2009, the informal sector employment growth rate is 3.6. As a result, share of formal sector employment shrunk from 34% to 26% in case of males and from 34.3% to 27% in case of females. Data further reveal that out of roughly 48.2 million employed people in 2009, about three fourth of them are in informal employment i.e. 37.0 million. The agriculture sector alone absorbs 54.4 percent of the informal employment. The distribution of status in informal employment shows large proportions of own account workers and contributing family workers in informal employment. It is shown that in 2009, more than one third (44.3 per cent) of all informal employed workers in Pakistan work as own-account workers and about one third (35.3 percent) as contributing family workers. Presence of a large informal employment is, in a way challenge to policy makers to consider improved working conditions, legal and social protection of the people employed in the informal economy and implementation of the appropriate regulatory frame work, developing training and skills, etc. To increase job quantity and quality, the emphasis should be placed on investing in people, especially the most vulnerable – in their education, skills training, lifelong learning, health and safety – and encouraging their entrepreneurial initiative.

Socio-cultural factors are the facts and experiences that influence an individual's personality, attitudes and lifestyle. In some societies, women’s participation in tree growing can be hampered by traditions, beliefs, norms and taboos. The main objective of this study was determination of the socio-cultural factors that influence women’s participation in tree growing in Siaya County, Kenya. A cross - sectional survey design was used with 120 household respondents, 40 key informants, 4 women groups and the Luo council of Elders. Instruments used were; structured questionnaire, interview schedule and interview guide. Data was analysed using both descriptive and coefficient of multiple correlations at 0.05 confidence level. 95% of title deeds are in the names of males, 1.8% of females (all of them were widows) and 3.2% had the names. R2 is 4%, standardized beta coefficient of the same indicates -0.201 and p-value significance is 0.028. On traditions, 48.3% either disagreed or strongly disagreed, 50% of the respondents agreed or strongly agreed, 1.7% could not decide. Key informants, women groups and Luo Council of elders agree that traditions and beliefs influence. R2 is 3.6%, standardized beta coefficient, -0.191 and p-value is 0.037. In conclusion, land tenure, traditions/customs and beliefs/norms are socio-cultural factors influencing participation of women. More efforts should be put to sensitize the community members the need to have attitudinal change as regards women in tree growing for increased land cover.

In this paper, we study some of the properties of (?, ?)-level subsets of bipolar valued fuzzy subsemiring and prove some results on these.

Countries around the world have showed great efforts in promoting and improving the effectiveness of services given. Malaysia government required all public agencies in this country to strive to achieve ISO certification in order to developed high and consistent quality based on the principle of right the first time and all the time through documentation of policies and procedures. The issue on public service that does not meet the customer expectation has always been as an interesting topic and discussion. Until now, public sector is still trying to improve the facilities in order to meet customer satisfaction. To explore the differences between expected and perceived service quality towards publics Service delivery in Majlis Perbandaran Sungai Petani Kedah (MPSPK), a study was conducted on each individual that received service delivery in the public agency. The results of the study indicated that the overall service quality provided by the MPSPK was below customers’ expectations. Tangible was rated as the most important dimension followed by understanding customer, empathy, reliability and communication.

We have given in this paper a fairly decent introduction to the importance of the study of centrality measures of distance graphs. We have discussed at length several concepts with a number of interesting examples and highlighted interesting results. Then, the scope of practical applicability of these concepts is also indicated.

The study aimed at examining the perception of organizational commitment of women working on leadership positions in Saudi Arabia, The three dimensions of organizational commitment including affective, continuance and normative commitment were looked at. The influence of demographic factors including age, experience, qualification, level of income and marital status on the organizational commitment was studied. It was a descriptive correlational study in which organizational commitment Questionnaire-OCQ was used to collect data. The study found that the level of women leaders’ organizational commitment was high with continuance commitment as the strongest form. Demographic variables of age, experience and income significantly influenced the organizational commitment of women leaders. This study is significant because of the insights it provides for the management to better understand the nature of organizational commitment of women leaders and develops an understanding of the commitment process to promote it among them in Saudi Arabia

The study examined previous studies on the relationship between board dynamics (structure, composition, diversity) and corporate performances, the results of the investigations revealed mixed findings on the relationship between board variables and corporate performance, some studies established evidence of significant positive relation while others discovered neutral and or negative relationship. Therefore the conflicting results discovered may be due to differences in corporate governance practice found in different countries.

This paper presents power flow analysis of radial and meshed distribution systems taking into consideration of uncertain variations in load and line parameters. Interval arithmetic technique is used to model the power flow equations of distribution system to obtain the bus voltages and line active and reactive power flows. INTLAB Toolbox [14] is used to obtain the Hull of voltage profiles, line active and reactive power flows and line losses. Here we have studied the case of voltage profile, which is the key factor in deciding the active and reactive power flows in each line. The developed algorithm has been studied by considering Radial Distribution test systems of 15-Bus, 30-Bus, 33-Bus and 69-Bus available in the literature. The authors have verified the results obtained by the respective test systems with the developed algorithm for base case load and line data. The developed algorithm is easily modifiable to study the weakly meshed distribution system and this has been demonstrated for 33-Bus and 69-Bus test systems for which the Hull voltage profiles have been presented.

SamuelBarclay Beckett, born near Dublin, took a degree at Trinity College (Dublin's Protestant University), but then went abroad and settled for good in Paris in 1937. He has lived in Paris ever since (Abrams, 1962). He wrote Footfalls in 1975. During the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, no one's critical theory of writing dominated feminist criticism because feminist theory and criticism highlighted the personal allowing for diverse theories and approaches to textual analysis. According to Showalter, American feminism at that time was essentially textual; stressing repression, British feminism was essentially Marxist, stressing oppression; and French feminism was essentially psychoanalytic; stressing repression. (Bressler, 2007) By taking a biographical approach and analysing his mysterious "Footfalls", the main aim of this study is to provide well supported reasons that Beckett is a real psychoanalyst in Feminism.