Civil Engineering

Water quality monitoring is fast becoming a topic of utmost importance and concern as it deals the health and health issues faced by people. One of the widely employed approaches in water quality assessment is the Nemerow index method and this approach has been employed in the current study and the groundwater quality of K.R.Puram industrial area in Bangalore, India, has been assessed. The quality evaluation has been done by collecting thirty groundwater samples each, both during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods of the year 2017, in and around the K.R.Puram area and subjecting the samples to a comprehensive physico-chemical analysis. To calculate the Nemerow index, ten critical parameters vital from the health point of view has been considered, namely, pH, calcium, magnesium, total hardness, nitrate, chloride, sulphate, total dissolved solids, fluorides and iron. The NPI analysis carried out for these thirty samples revealed that a whopping 93.33 % of the samples exceeded unity, the upper limit for drinking water. The high value of NPI at these stations is mainly due to the excessive concentrations of total dissolved solids, hardness, nitrate, iron, calcium and chlorides. The analysis reveals that most of the groundwater samples are unfit for drinking purposes, which calls for continuous monitoring of groundwater supplies and to adopt a systematic environment management plan to safeguard against the pollution of drinking water.

Previous tests on PVC-concrete composite columns showed that most of tested columns had failure regions near the top or bottom of the columns. Therefore it is intended, in this study, to reinforce the ends of these columns in an attempt to improve their behavior. A series of unreinforced and partially reinforced PVC-concrete composite columns were tested under axial compressive loading. It was found that the strength of partially reinforced PVC-concrete composite column is greater than that of corresponding unreinforced column by about 3%, and that the ultimate strain of partially reinforced PVC-concrete composite column is less than that of corresponding unreinforced column by about 4.4%. Although the increase in strength was unnoticeable, the steel reinforcement at the ends was adequate to prevent failure to occur at these ends.

The present study offers an exploration of the success factor used in green building construction in the Bhopal area. The specific objective includes assessment of the factors relation and its impact. How these factors will play the role and awareness among public as well as in builders of Bhopal region. In total 54 builders is interviewed face to face with the help of semi structured questionnaire. Responses are tabulated and descriptive analysis is performed. Correlation analysis is done for the received data on success factors. It is being found that most of the success factors are related and having impact in the success of green building research.

The experimental study has been made to utilize natural agrosilica (agrowaste) as a pozzolana by partial replacement of cement. The agrowastes that are rich in silica namely sugarcane bagasse ash, rice husk ash, wood ash are being taken for the study. The study is done for compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural stength. Optimum percentage of replacement of different agro waste is determined. Thus utilization of agro waste in concrete and accounts for green concrete.

The major sources for cracking in the bridge decks are the settlement cracking. As these cracks continued growth due to the factors effect on the durability of the structures such as chloride and sulfates attacks, corrosion if the reinforcement, freeze-thaw damage and others. So these cracks considered a very severe problem at the life time. The object of this paper is to assess the effect of pozzolanic materials on the settlement cracking of concrete. 85 mixes were cast to explore the aim of this research. The main variables were type of concrete (self-compacted concrete, normal concrete), type of supplementary materials (silica fume, fly ash). 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5% of silica fume as a replacement of cement content was used. 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 % of fly ash as a replacement of cement content were used. The results clearly that the supplementary materials enhanced the micro-structure of the mixes by reducing the settlement cracking compared with the control mixes. Fly ash reduces the settlement cracks more than silica fume. Settlement cracking didn't observe for the self-compacting concrete mixes. Out of this research; decreasing the settlement cracks yield to get better the durability of the structures, eliminate the abrasion and corrosion of the reinforcement. This yield to decreases the cost needed for maintenance and increases the life time of the structures.

A series of models were developed and analysed to determine the relative weight of local political, infrastructure, and economic gains to lake user as well as physical-natural characteristics of the lakes and their respective communities on allocation of dredging fund. The also estimated the benefits of dredging and performed cost-benefit analysis to compare the costs of dredging to benefits of dredging for Bonny channel. These estimates were then forecasted in order to view the benefit stream over time.

This Paper studies the flexural strength and deflection of Sawdust–Quarry dust–Plywood Composite Slab. The materials used include Cement, Quarry dust, Sawdust, Plywood, Nails, and water. Laboratory test were carried out on this composite according to standard test procedures. They were tested for flexural strength and deflection. It was observed that for a 1200mm width of slab with thicknesses between 100mm to 175mm and Plywood Thickness 12.5mm to 20mm, the average flexural strength of this composite slab ranges from 1.32MPa to 3.30MPa. The deflection slab ranges from 106mm to 33mm while those of plain composite slab ranges from 20mm to 5mm

Present study deal with the investigation on parametric study on self supporting chimney considering in three different cities of India . The 65 m height and 80 m height of chimneys were selected and analyzed for wind force and seismic loadings for seismic zone III , IV and V, as per Indian standards (IS: 6533 -1989 ) and IS 1893(part 1) 2002. The wind loads were determined as per IS 875-1987 for the basic wind speed 47m/s, 50m/s and 55m/s. The thicknesses of the chimney were kept constant for this study. Significant increments were observed in displacement, bending moment and shear force for different seismic and wind zones. The results of self supporting steel chimney were obtained out with the above said parameters.

Reinforced concrete frames structures with unreinforced masonry infill walls are prevailing in developing countries like India with regions of high seismicity. The aim of this study is to compare different response parameter on the effect of different masonry infill materials for reinforced concrete frames . For this purpose G+14 RC framed building were model with different infill materials and Response spectrum method has been executed for the analysis as per IS1893:2002 using Etabs software. The variation of base shear, storey drift, and displacement were obtained by the analysis of three RC frame models viz. bare frame, in-filled frame and open first storey frames were carried out. For modelling of infill wall, Equivalent diagonal strut method is used to find out the width of strut using FEMA approach. The results are compared and shown in the form of graphs. The results show that with addition to opening, hollow concrete block and fly ash brick frame in-filled models exhibit superior seismic behaviour.

To supply blood, arties and veins plays the important role in the body similarly, road networks plays a vital role in transportation system. Transportation system has geared up its performance level by constructing expressways, national highways, state highways etc. in consideration of increasing traffic. “Black spot is the place where accidents are historically occurred” This paper emphasis the study of some local city roads (Khadi Machine Chowk-Kondhwa, KMC-Undri and KMC-Katraj) of Pune. From the present traffic accident statistics the identification of accidental black spots is done in present study by using ranking method with the help of severity index.