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This study was carried out to examine survey responses across various levels of response predictors in some selected communities in oyo town, Oyo State, Nigeria. The design for this study was a two-stage stratified random sampling scheme. A Sample of 750 households was randomly selected in fifteen Enumeration Areas in Oyo town. The data were collected by interviewer-administered questionnaire and predictors of response were extracted for the verification of response rates at various levels of these predictors. Out of the 750 respondents that were interviewed in each of the five waves, 545, 615, 610, 615, 605 responded to survey questions respectively. The maximum number of visits considered for this research work is five per wave and after the fifth visits, respondents were regarded as non response. The response rates from the following predictors:- Females, those that were living with their spouse, those that were interviewed with English language, respondents at the middle age (50-79 years), those that are familiar with the interviewer and tenants were observed to be high. Also, the response rates increases from first visit to the fourth visits and at the fifth visit, it declined. We also observed that the more the number of years a respondent has spent in his/her community, the more they response to survey questions.

This paper analyzes sustainability and efficiency of organizations committed to the exploitation’ activities of tule Thypha spp at the Zapotlán’s Lake taking into consideration the socioeconomic and environmental impact in the municipalities of Gómez Farías and Zapotlán el Grande. The initial hypothesis departs from the consideration of the scarce social capital of organizations that limits development’s sustainability. The research method employed is the ethnographic complemented with field work supported by informal interviews, documental and bibliographic research. The hypothesis of this research is proved empirically and confirms similar findings by the research conducted on the mainstream theory of social capital and its implications on economic development. The outcomes of the application demonstrate that the drama of economic efficiency and sustainable development of micro-business is tied to constrain of social capital. This finding has implications for the design and implementation of economic and social policies oriented towards the improvement of economic growth and sustainable development.

From the investigations carried out on the Noctuidae during 2009-2011 in the Nilgiri Biosphere of Tamilnadu, six species of the genus Hypocala were studied. Among them, H. violacea Guenee was reported for the first time from the Nilgiri. Photographic illustrations of the male and female genitalia of all the known species of this moth are presented.

This paper reviews teaching strategies that secondary school (SL) teachers generally used for teaching of Pakistan Studies. Data for the study was collected from SL teachers through a questionnaire. Findings report that SL teachers consider memorisation of taught concepts as the main objective of teaching of Pakistan studies. Teachers perceive that oral lectures cannot develop in students’ desired traits of a citizenship and social values. Lecture strategy was found main strategy for teaching of Pakistan studies at SL. Inquiry or project strategies are usually not used for teaching of Pakistan studies, teachers generally do not plan lesson, they do not use maps or other aids for teaching of content about location, etc. Due to non availability of teaching aids in secondary schools. Pakistan studies may be taught through projects relating to students’ real life. Use of audio visual aids can make learning of Pakistan studies interesting for students. Resources like audio visual aids relating to the content of Pakistan studies for SL may be provided in schools.

The purpose of the given paper is to evaluate American English File (hereafter AEF) series (1st ed.). In so doing, to achieve the very purpose, Daoud and Celce-Murica’s 1979 attitude questionnaire was administrated to 50 EFL learners and 20 teachers in a popular language center, located in Bandare –e Anzali, Iran. The questionnaire aimed to elicit the agreement or disagreement of both learners and teachers on a Likert-scale. Based on the findings, it could be concluded that teachers had higher rating in comparison to the students for all the items. In general, there were significant differences between teachers and students in their attitude towards the textbook. Through this investigation, it is hoped that curriculum developers, before selecting a new material, make sure that it is able to meet both the students and the teachers’ need.

The rate of increase in construction site accident is very large which readily indicate the need to examine and overhaul the existing safety practices deployed in building construction sites. In order to improve the overall safety performance, there is ample need to investigate the root causes of accidents; results of which could be utilized in formulating more conducive working conditions and environments to avert accident. The following were conducted: review of literatures, archives of reported accidents cases kept by the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB). Also social surveys exercise using structured questionnaire forms were implemented to obtain relevant data from respondents who are mainly contractors, developers and consultant within Imo State, Nigeria. The finding reveals that accident result from critical factors such as unsafe method, human element, unsafe equipment, job site conditions, management and unique nature of the industry. After due analysis the main causes of accident were attributable to workers’ negligence, failure of workers to obey work procedures and safety principles; operating equipment without safety devices; poor site management; harsh work operation work at high elevation; low knowledge and skill level of workers; failure to use personal protective equipment and poor workers attitudes about safety. In general, lack of adherence to safety requirements which has led to increase exposure of workmen and the general public to risk situations on construction resulting in a high rate of incidence of accidents.

In many countries tourism has become a source of wealth and growth, this sector is perceived as a pillar of the national economy. This study examines causal relationships between tourism receipts and economic growth in Tunisia for the period 1965–2012. Granger causality test is used herein to assess the contribution tourism makes to economic growth. Our empirical results support the evidence on the direction of causality. The results indicate that only the tourism receipts affect GDP and not the other. Despite the importance of this sector, its contribution has slowed in recent years. Should therefore encourage manager’s hotels to improve their strategic policies, diversify their products and gain a competitive advantage.

Since assertiveness and communicative skills and their effects on a teen-ager's everyday life is of importance, a detailed study of the concepts can be useful in educating children with hearing impairments. This study aims to find out the effect of training communicative skills on deaf and partially deaf teen-agers' assertiveness. the method is pre-test, post test with a control group. the subjects are 65 female deaf and partially deaf students in Amol city 2012-2013 with ages ranging 15-20. From the subjects, 30 were randomly selected and divided into two groups i.e. experimental and control groups with 15 subjects in each. Alberti and Emmons assertiveness test was used to collect data. The experimental group underwent communicative skill training for 6 sessions; each taking on hour in one and a half month, held once a week. The results showed that the training had a positive (at: P=0.000 level) on the student' assertiveness.

Land is critical to the economic, social and cultural development of Kenya. It is crucial to the attainment of economic growth, poverty reduction and gender equity. Its importance is recognized by various Government initiatives including the initial Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP), political party manifestoes and the Economic Recovery Strategy for Wealth and Employment Creation (2003-2007). Land was a key reason for the struggle for independence and Land issues remain politically sensitive and culturally complex. The Republic of Kenya has an area - approximately 582,646 sq.km comprising of 97.8% land and 2.2% water surface. Only 20% of the land area can be classified as medium to high potential agricultural land and the rest of the land is mainly arid or semiarid. Forests, woodlands and national reserves and game parks account for ten percent (10%) of the land area, i.e. 58,264 sq. km. Approximately seventy five per cent (75%) of the country’s population lives within the medium to high potential (20% of land area) and the rest in the vast Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs). One consequence of this is that size and distribution of land varies quite widely just as population density which ranges from as low as 2 persons per sq. km. in the ASALs to a high of over 2000 in high potential areas. This leads uncontrolled subdivision of agricultural land, leading to reduced productivity and hence a likelihood of food insecurity. As the old saying goes, ‘the devil is in the detail’ - in our case FRAGMENTATION.

The present study was carried out to investigate the nature of the possible relationship between the use of language-learning strategies (LLSs) and Iranian EFL university students’ reading proficiency. The following research questions were addressed in this project: (1) is there a difference in types and frequency of language-learning strategies that are used by Iranian EFL University students from those reported in other research studies? (2) Is there a difference in strategy use due to gender variable? and (3) is there any relationship between strategy use and reading proficiency. One hundred senior EFL students participated in this study. All the subjects were required to complete the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) questionnaire developed by Oxford (1990) and a reading comprehension test selected from the TOEFL test. With respect to the first research hypothesis, it was found that metacognitive strategies are used most frequently than other strategy groups. With regard to the second hypothesis, this study showed no significant difference at p<0.05 between strategy use and gender. And finally, with respect to the third research hypothesis, the results indicated that the only learning strategies having a meaningful relationship with the students’ reading proficiency were metacognitive strategies.