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The facies architecture and depositional environments of the ‘X’ Field reservoirs have been studied in Wells NDI-A10, A12, A11, A7, A2P2 and A2, using wireline log data. The logs were examined and analyzed for reservoir identification, thickness distribution, continuity, and connectivity. The depositional environments were determined by closely comparing the log shapes of interest with the standard log motifs of Schlumberger (1985) and Emery (1999). Three deltaic sub-environments of deposition were recognized: beach-barrier, river mouth bar and shoreface. The sequence stratigraphic concept has been applied to these sub-environments. Six reservoirs: I, J, K, L, M and N, and five stratigraphic sequences: SEQ.I, SEQ.II, SEQ.III, SEQ.IV and SEQ.V, were identified. The reservoirs were deposited as progradational parasequences during a high-frequency highstand systems tract, while the shale units underlying and overlying the reservoirs were deposited as retrogradational parasequences. The consistent alternation of progradational sand units and retrogradational shale units have been interpreted as a tripartite union of source rock, reservoir and seal, essential for hydrocarbon generation, accumulation, and trapping in the ‘X’ Field. Well-to-well correlation across the entire field allowed a reconstruction of the depositional history of the reservoirs and delineation of the reservoir geometry. There was more development of the reservoirs in the northeastern part of the field which has been interpreted as the direction of sediment supply, but the overall depositional trend is similar to that of the present-day Niger Delta.

This paper investigates factors contributing to drug abuse among the youth in Kenya; a case of Bamburi Location. The paper also: establishes the nature and extent of drug abuse and related issues among the youths; establishes the level and sources of knowledge and awareness on drug abuse and related issues among the youth; investigates demographic factors contributing to drug abuse; investigates social-cultural factors contributing to drug abuse; investigates economic factors contributing to drug abuse; analyses the effects of drug abuse; interrogates the challenges faced against the fight of drug abuse; and recommends on how to curb and reduce drug abuse. In this paper, the authors use an explanatory study design where a study was conducted in Bamburi Location to establish factors contributing to drug abuse among youths in Kenya. The explanatory study design was adopted as it offers an explanation as to why youths engage in drug abuse in Kenya. A survey was conducted for the reason that it provides the information from the single selected sample whose findings can be used to offer a generalization for the whole country. The sample size for the study was 120 youth across all the sub locations in Bamburi location. The main findings of the study were: Demographic characteristics except gender do contribute to drug abuse in the area. Economic and social cultural factors also play a great role in influencing drug abuse in the area among the youth. Effects of drug abuse are diverse. They range from individual to societal effects such as poor health, poor personal hygiene, homosexuality, high school drop-out rate, high divorce rate, prostitution and increased crime. The main challenge facing the fight against drug abuse is corruption and lack of concern by the community in general. Suggested measures to fight the menace are to end corruption and focus on preventive education among the school-going youth. Though there are various factors leading to drug abuse, this paper focuses on demographic factors, social-cultural, and economic leading to pervasiveness of the menace in the Bamburi community/Location. Basically there are various demographic factors contributing to drug abuse such as age, occupation, religion, and marital status. Demographic factors also work in close relationship with social-cultural factors such as one’s perceived respect by others, the social environment, peer pressure influence, social learning from parents, one’s culture and cultural believes, customs, norms and values. Economic factors also play a great role in determining one’s behavior especially in cases of deviance. One’s economic status may influence one’s indulgence in such activities. This paper is, however, limited to the investigation of these factors and recommends the way forward in reducing or curbing drug abuse in Bamburi Location.

It is imperative that competent teacher educators are hired by teacher preparation institutions so as to mentor student teachers appropriately. It is expected that a well trained-educator, models teaching practices as it should be in secondary schools. However, some of the teacher-educators are not trained teachers, which raises the question; who should prepare these teachers? This paper sought to establish the factors that influence competence among teacher educators in universities. The study was conducted in six selected universities in Kenya. The research paradigm adopted for this study was social constructivism worldview. The study adopted a descriptive survey design with asample that comprised of Bachelor of Education fourth year students drawn from three Public universities and three Private universities, Teacher Educators and Heads of Departments from the faculty of Education. Stratified random sampling was used to select universities, student-teacher and Teacher Educators. Data was collected using questionnaires, interview schedules, observation checklists and document analysis. It is strongly recommended that teacher education programmes should be urgently reviewed by addressing the various factors that are affecting preparation of teachers at university level. It is hoped that the finding of this study will be useful to University curriculum planners and teacher educators in designing courses that are responsive to the needs of the society.

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disorder of the skin. Association with kidney disease has been debated for a long time. Recently some glomerular diseases have been diagnostic in patients with psoriasis; The underlying pathogenetic mechanisms of these associations remain unclear because of the limited number of cases .We describe the occurrence of a nephrotic syndrome with minimal change disease (MCD) in a 43-year-old patient with a 20 year history of psoriasis .Evolution was favorable under corticosteroids.

Being familiar with the peculiarities of scientific prose style in general and technical writing in particular would undoubtedly help a science author to communicate appropriately with his peers in order to get his message across. At the level of word groups (Lexical-Phraseological word combinations), the use of ‘noun compounds’, or ‘string compounds’ is noticeable in this style. Considering the ubiquity of them in technical writing, familiarity with their functions seems to be of paramount importance as non-native writers tend to have difficulty producing them. The present study intended to disclose the functional peculiarities of technical writing on the lexical syntagmatic level of linguistic expression, focusing on noun compounds, the creation or the very existence of which would be based on the definite, well-fixed rules of combining lexical morphemes according to productive patterns, in other words, rules which can be determined by the lexical-morphological categories of the language under investigation. The analysis has revealed that noun compounds, are indivisible part of this style not because of their ubiquity but due to the fact that they would facilitate the author to create something new, something individual, and more importantly economize the pieces of information intended to be relayed.

Rapid population growth in a country like India is threatening the environment through expansion and intensification of agriculture, uncontrolled growth of urbanization and industrialization, and destruction of natural habitats. The present paper is an attempt to study the population change and its impacts on land, forest and water and energy resources. Rapid population growth plays an important role in declining per capita agricultural land, forest and water resources. The analysis reveals that outcomes of high population growth rates are increasing population density and number of people below poverty line. Population pressure contributes to land degradation and soil erosion, thus affecting productive resource base of the economy. The increasing population numbers and growing affluence have resulted in rapid growth of energy production and consumption in India. The environmental effects like ground water and surface water contamination; air pollution and global warming are of growing concern owing to increasing consumption levels. The paper concludes with some policy reflections and emphasizes the potential importance of natural resources.

Phellinus is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Hymenochaetaceae from order Aphyllophorales. Phellinus spp. causing white rot of various kinds in live standing or dead gymnospermic and angiospermic wood occurs worldwide. A total number of 427 records (310 species, 06 sub-species, 42 varieties and 69 formas) of Phellinus are reported worldwide so far. The current study was based on thorough world literature survey for the host range of Phellinus species. About 91 plant families shows infection of Phellinus spp. Amongst all the families, genera of Fabaceae are found to be most susceptible, followed by Rosaceae, Myrtaceae, Cupressaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Ericaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lauraceae, Meliaceae, Pinaceae, Rubiaceae Arecaceae, Fagaceae and Olecaceae are also amongst the most frequently infected families. Quercus is the most frequent host of Phellinus.

The Manya Krobo area is bounded in the east by Lake Volta which resulted after the construction of the Akosombo dam since 1965. The groundwater quality of 25 samples in the study area was evaluated for its suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes by estimating pH, EC, TDS, hardness and alkalinity besides major ions, isotopes, SAR, % Na, RSC, RSBC, chlorinity index, SSP, non-carbonate hardness, Potential Salinity, Permeability Index, Magnesium hazard and Index of Base Exchange. The percentage sodium, sodium absorption (SAR), and residual sodium carbonate (RSC) indices show that the groundwaters are generally suitable for irrigation purposes. Negative Index of Base Exchange indicates the chloro-alkaline disequilibrium in the study area and all the water samples fall in the rock dominance field based on Gibbs’ ratio. Based on total hardness, the groundwater in the area is soft. Na-K-HCO3-Cl (48%), Na-HCO3 (40%), and Na-Cl (12%) water types were delineated from the area. Stable isotope analysis of water samples indicates meteoric origin of recharge.

The concept paper discusses the implementation of green skills through co-curricular activities among students of Technical and Vocational Education Training (TVET) in line with a more sustainable industrial development towards sustainable social, economic and environmental. Implementation of green skills is assessed by its importance in education and training through co-curriculum activities as a proactive step towards a more green industrial practices benefit not only to the economy but also to support social and environmental sustainability. According to the literature, there are problems that arise due to the lack of industry awareness of the importance of the adoption of green technologies that will ultimately affect the environment. Accordingly, this article also stated that generic green skills needed by green industries as an effective method to ensure that no conflict or consistency in the implementation of green skills in TVET through co-curriculum activities towards development of green industries.

CdO/ZnO was fabricated by the sol-gel method. The effects of annealing process on the microstructure, transparent properties, and morphology of ZnO films were studied. The film was heated at 400?C for 5hours and the obtained samples were crushed to prepare a fine powder and taken into annealing process the temperature is constant at 700?C. The process will be preceded with different ratio. XRD results show that the different peak values in various chemical composition. In SEM image shows the nano cluster nano particles. In EDAX represents the nano composite which is to identify the compositions. UV- Absorption spectroscopy it is observed that there is a slight shift in absorption edge at 410nm towards longer wavelength side.