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The increasing viability of 3D silicon integration technology has opened new opportunities for chip architecture innovations. One direction is in the extension of 2D mesh based chip multiprocessor architecture into three Dimensions. We present an efficient architecture to optimize system performance, power consumption, and reliability of stacked mesh 3D NoC is proposed. Stacked mesh is a feasible architecture which takes advantage of the short inter-layer wiring delays, while suffering from inefficient intermediate buffers. To cope with this, an inter-layer communication mechanism is developed to enhance the buffer utilization, load balancing, and system fault-tolerance. The mechanism benefits from a congestion-aware and bus failure tolerant routing algorithm for vertical communication.

An economic evaluation of crop and dairy production system study was taken up in the Erode district of Tamil Nadu, India to study the post-harvest losses in crop production system, milk losses in dairy production system, to analyse the factors influencing the post-harvest losses and milk losses and finally analyze the resource use efficiency and technical efficiency of crop and dairy production system. In crop production system, net income was higher in turmeric than sugarcane by 10.98 per cent. The gross income and net income was higher in foreign breed by 99.95 per cent and 79.24 per cent over local breed respectively and hence turmeric and foreign breed are more profitable in crop and dairy production system respectively. The post-harvest losses in turmeric production were 0.048 per cent of total production. Milk losses in dairy production system due to various diseases were 9.97 per cent in local breed and 13.34 per cent in foreign breed. The education and inadequate storage had significant positive influence on post-harvest losses. The milk fever, Mastitis and foot and mouth disease in local breed had influence on milk losses. In foreign breed, milk fever and Mastitis had significant positive influence on milk losses. In crop production system, the planting material, manures and fertilizer, irrigation and human labour were significant in turmeric production. In sugarcane production, planting material and irrigation were positively significant. In dairy production system, green fodder, dry fodder and human labor were significant in local breed. With respect to foreign breed, green fodder, dry fodder and concentrates were positively significant. The mean technical efficiency and scale efficiency of sugarcane and turmeric was almost similar in crop production system. In dairy production system, the mean technical efficiency and scale efficiency of foreign breed and local breed was almost similar. The policy advocacy is finally suggested for Agriculture Department, Animal Husbandry Department and Government for minimizing economic losses, for achieving efficiency in production systems and finally for sustainable agricultural development of the region.

Deck- drain samples obtained from five oil wells in the Niger Delta Basin of Nigeria were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), digital meters , American Standard and Testing Materials. The results shows that the pH of the deck-drain samples varies from 5, 10 to 5.4 while the total dissolved solids(TDS) varies from 4,585 to 27,170 mg/l. The electrical conductivity varies from 7,054 to 21,277µS/cm while the chloride content varies from 4 ,000 to 4,400mg/l. The H2S concentration ranges from 1.10 mg/l. These values do not conform with the Nigerian Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR) effluent water standard and thus constitute a threat to the environment. The result also show that the deck-drain samples are hard and contains high concentrations of calcium and sodium. The concentrations of the major cations in decreasing order is: Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ >. K+ while that of the anions is: Cl- > HCO3- > SO42- > NO3- implying that the fluid type is NaCl. The pollution index (PI) of the samples varies from 17.81 to 42.47; this is in excess of the PI critical value of 1 and thus confirms high rate of degradation of the deck-drain samples.. The Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) values of the samples ranges from 28.04 to 28.97 indicating that the deck-drains are poor for irrigation purposes. Piper and Stiff diagrams shows that the deck-drain samples exhibits the same chemical trend and model. Although, the deck-drain samples contains high concentrations of pH, TDS, electrical conductivity, H2S, Cl-, Ca2+ and Na+ ; these parameters can be treated and reduced to tolerable levels using soda ash, reverse osmosis , electro dialysis and aeration methods thus preventing soil and water pollution which can arise from the discharge of untreated deck-drains into these environments.

Globalization brings some negative results in addition to its number of positive aspects. One of the biggest results is the global crisis which affects the world and our country to a large extent. Virtually the global crisis which has been assumed to be appeared as the result of Mortgage crisis in USA has been affecting all establishments active in all kinds of sectors. The research has been implemented for the workers employed in white meat sector in Bolu where the effects of global crisis were widespread in 2009. The scale used in the research has been prepared in order to measure the general affects of the crisis on the workers and their motivations. As a result of the research, the meaningful statistical relations were determined regarding the motivation position of the workers and the demographic variables such as their ages, education status and work experiences. According to the research, it is understood that the workers did not know how to think during the crisis period and they were got into panic and they experienced a felling of losing their trust to the administration and also their jobs. This result is parallel to the prior studies performed regarding this subject.

Blood group typing is being considered vital and has always been the primary procedure to be followed in the study of forensic serology. Using this method the same fiber/cloth piece can be used several times to obtain the similar results. This technique now reduces the time cost and effort that was put into it earlier. With “ABO blood stain typing by Forwarding and Reversing Method of Absorption-Elution Technique” different concentrations of blood, packed cells obtained from different people and different batches of anti-sera to can be used to draw to concrete results. Blood stained cloth/fiber samples obtained from 18 different cases were used for ABO typing and the procedure was repeated 7-10 times for same sample with Forwarding and Reversing Absorption-Elution technique. All cloth/fiber samples yielded the consistent results even after several repeated trials.

The human face has been serving as an identity since the beginning of mankind but it has more to offer than a recognition key of an individual. Facial features helps define the gender, expression, reactions and age of that individual. The objective of this paper is to take in consideration the ability of facial features to determine the age of an individual. This is done by taking in regard certain geometrical factors like distinguishable landmarks, the different valleys and peaks that contribute for facial features termed as nodal points. Each human face has approximately 80 nodal points i.e. just 80 pixels out of thousands of them are to be segregated for further use. Some of these are distance between the eyes, jaw line length, eye sockets depth, nose width, cheekbones shape, wrinkle topography etc. Taking into account the surface and age data we propose Histogram of Gradient algorithm along with Back Propagation Neural Network for the age and gender classification. The proposed algorithm do the classification in three different age group(child, adult and old) in addition to this we approach for gender classification in the age group child, adult and old with the same technique. The acquired results for the age classification gives an accuracy of around 92%. For the gender classification it works well for the old age group.

Demonetization means stoppage of the particular currency notes of dissemination and replacing it with a new currency note. Demonetization will help to eradicate corruption, black money and terrorism. Recently our country adopted this strategy in order to run that our government has banned 500 and 1000rs notes. The main aim of this study is to know about the effects of demonetization over Employees and students. The data were collected through well structured questionnaire. The source of data was both primary and secondary and the Sample size was 200. Data analysis has been done with a statistical tool like a chi - square test.

The proposed Adjoint LMS (ALMS) techniques have been modeled using Verilog HDL. The model has been verified using test benches with a functional coverage of 95%. The results obtained has been compared with MATLAB results, which are considered to be a benchmark. The HDL (Hardware Description Language) code is synthesized using Synopsys Design Compiler targeting 130-nanometer TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company) library and target technology. The synthesized netlist obtained for all the adaptive filtering techniques proposed in this research work is taken through physical design flow consisting of Floorplanning Placement and Routing steps. The results obtained at each step are simulated for the functionality. The final GDSII (Graphical Design Standard II) file is generated for the proposed techniques.. The floor planning, placement and routing of the netlist ensures that the overall size for the entire chip does not exceed by 2.3 square millimeters. The results obtained for ALMS adaptive filtering techniques using pipelining, parallel processing, low power techniques and floating point architectures have proven that the complexities in the industrial applications can be met if the design is implemented on ASIC.

Aquaculture is growing more rapidly than all other animal food producing sectors. In order to meet out the global rising animal protein demand, aquaculture plays an important role. Fishes are constantly exposed to wide variety of diseases includes bacteria, viral, fungal, and parasites in all water bodies. Bacterial fish diseases constitute one of the major limiting factors for sustainable aquaculture production all over the globe. Environmental conditions such as pollution, poor water quality parameters, intensive culture practice, integrated fish management, etc are the major factors to cause diseases. In the present study diseased fish such as Catla catla, Lobeo rohita, Channa gachua showing symptoms were identified, brought to the laboratory for isolation of bacterial pathogens. Total of 11 isolates were identified based on colony morphology, gram staining, catalase, oxidase reaction. Biochemical test 11 different isolates were reveals heterogeneous characteristics belong to Pseudomonas sp, Aeromonas sp and Vibrio sp. All the 11 different isolates were examined for Antibiogram Assay against commercially available antibiotics. Moreover efficacy of crude Cyanobacterial extracts was tested against this isolates. The antibacterial potency was evaluated using various concentration 50, 100, 150, 200 µg in paper disc. Among these only Pseudomonas sp was sensitive to Synechococcus sp, O. weilli BDU141621 BDU110791 and Lyngbya sp. All other bacterial isolates were resistant to all the cyanobacterial strains O. weilli BDU130781, BDU110791, BDU141621, BDU13791, BDU130411 Phormidium sp, Lyngbya sp, Synechococcus sp strains examined in the present study.

In the present study, the objective was the ZnS nanoparticles are prepared by chemical co-precipitation method and analysis Antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens is demonstrated, and the characteristics of synthesized nanoparticles are investigated by using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).