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The tridentate Schiff base, 3-{[(6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)imino]methyl}naphthalen-2-ol, formed by condensation of 5-amino-2-methoxypyridine and 2-hydroxy-1-napthaldehyde coordinates to some Metal(II) ions, forming complexes of the type [M(L2)]½H2O {where M = Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pd}. These complexes are characterized by percentage metal, melting point, conductance measurements, electronic and IR spectroscopies. The IR data confirms that coordination is via the imine nitrogen and napthanenol oxygen atoms; while electronic data support a 4-coordinate tetrahedral/squareplanar geometry for the metal complexes. The complexes are air-stable solids which melt/decompose on heating in the temperature range 196-232oC; and none is an electrolyte in nitromethane. The in-vitro antibacterial activities of the complexes against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella oxytoca are reported. Notably, the Pd(II) complex exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against these bacteria with the exception of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with inhibitory zones range in the range 8.0-12.0 mm.

The paper sought to establish teachers’ perception of thematic intergraded approach in teaching learners in ECD in in Wareng Sub County. The study adopted the use of quantitative and qualitative research methodology (mixed approach of research methodology). This study was carried out in Wareng Sub-County in Uasin Gishu County. The research therefore sampled 43 Head Teachers and 85 ECD teachers ECD teachers since the larger the sample the higher the reliability. Stratified sampling technique was used to select the types of respondents in schools whereby 30% of the target population was selected as the sample size. The data collection instruments employed were; questionnaire, interview schedule and observation checklist. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and measure of central tendency (modes standard deviation and means) qualitative data was analyzed in tabular form. the study revealed that the school provides learners with age appropriate assignments and that the school provides learners with appropriate learning activities. In addition, the learners are provided with thematic activities that make the learner engage in authentic communication, the learners in these schools are provided with self-initiated learning activities that make them learn experimentally and the school provides learning materials like books and play materials to the learners. The study made the following recommendations; the head teachers need to ensure that the schools provide curriculum centered books that are appropriate for the learners’ respective levels and the school should provide learning that accommodates individual learners and abilities.

Most researchers, who have paid attention to code-switching, have however been concerned with the sociological interpretation and discourse functions, i.e. the socio-pragmatic aspect, of code-switching. For this reason, linguists who do not specialize in bilingualism often automatically assume that research in code-switching means sociolinguistic research. It is certainly an interesting issue to investigate when and why a speaker chooses one linguistic variety rather than another: this can be explained by stylistic or metaphorical motivation, where factors such as the interlocutor, social role, domain, topic, venue, medium, and type of interaction play an important role. In this case, language alternation can also serve as a conversational cue, expressing attitudes towards language or marking linguistic identity.

The purpose of this study was to relate the effect of intelligent development and personality development in communication oral skill. This article is based on the author’s reflections and interpretations on extended literature reviews. The author had a particular interest in relating both intelligent development and personality development through student’s co-curricular activity of debate. The debate orator’s cultures gives positive impacts on the development areas focused by the author.

This study investigates the effects of malaria drugs on children of different gender under the age of five in Nigeria (Umuahia in Abia State as a case study). It was carried out by applying descriptive statistical methods and Poisson log linear regression model on different malaria drugs. To achieve this, five age groups in months (<12, 12-23, 24-35, 36-47, 48-59) and gender (male and female) were used. Secondary datasets were collected from Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2013 and department of Health and Human Services, Abia State University, Uturu. The result shows that the rate of usage of all malaria drugs considered in this study is similar for all age groups. However more males than females received Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy (ACT). The only significant difference found is between the Amodiaquine and Chloroquine, The study therefore concludes that the effect of malaria drugs is dependent on age and gender. Apart from all the main effects of all the variables being significant, there is also a statistically significant interaction between gender, age and drug, p = 0.00134. The poissson regression result predict that in the last 12months, there is a 4.9% and 6.7% increase in the number of gender and drugs respectively considered yearly with (95% CI. 0.281 to 1.678 and 0.006 to 1.033), and also a statistical significant results, P-value = 0.010 & 0.004 respectively.

Using the initial value problem approach, the evolution of linearized perturbations in a stratified shear flow with rotation is studied. Here the resulting equation in time posed by using Fourier transformation and Square transformation is solved for the Fourier amplitudes for bounded couette flow with a point source of the field of transverse velocity and density as the initial distributions. Perturbation solutions are obtained and the velocity and density plots are drawn to find the effect of density variation and rotation

Climate change is attributed directly or indirectly to human activities rhesulting in the alteration of the composition of global atmosphere in addition to natural climate variability observed over a comparable time periods. Climate change has adversely affected agriculture and food security in Nigeria and other West African Countries. It is estimated that by 2100 Nigeria and other West African Countries would have agriculture losses of up to 4% Gross Domestic Product (GDP) due to climate change. Agricultural experts has also observed that parts of the Country that experience soil erosion and operate rain-fed agriculture would have decline in agriculture yield of up to 5% between 2000 and 2020. In 2012, most states (Balyasae, Rivers, Bauchi, Kogi, Adamawa and Imo) in Nigeria witnessed serious floodind which affected adversely humans, farm lands and livestocks. Te flood which resulted from excessive rainfall attributed to climate change constituted a threat to agriculture and food security in all the geo-political zones of the Country. Desertification in the Northern part of Nigeria has also dealt a great blow to agriculture. The ravaging impacts of climate change on agriculture and food security calls for coping or adaptable measures such as construction of gas re-injection plants, public awareness campaigns, forest conservation, Taungaya and agrosiliviculture. However, the ultimate remediation is drastic reduction of the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

The [Persian] Gulf cooperation council (GCC) was funded on May 25, 1981 by six littoral Persian Gulf states just two years after the occurrence of the Islamic revolution in Iran in 1979. This article explains the interaction between Islamic Republic of Iran and the GCC member states (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE, Oman, Qatar and Bahrain). In the first part this article is going to summarize the main reasons of founding the GCC since 1981 and explains the interaction between Iran and the [Persian] Gulf Cooperation Council and the influence of the decisions of GCC on Iran’s security policies during the past thirty years; and in third part, we will evaluate the workbook of the GCC conservative states regarding to Iran and influences of struggle between Iran and the GCC states. At the end, according to the results of the research, writers will recommend some new parameters that must be considered to maintain peace and security in the Persian Gulf region.

The conventional thinking on the ‘gnatisisya Parampara’(hereditary succession) and Shiyanishiya Parampara (pupillary Succession) tradition in the kandyan area is that it was primarily, economically determined. But this research will inquire into the structure of political power and legitimacy, social factors- both caste and service tenor system, internal fraternity conflict and external forces that draw these parties onto conflicts paving the way for the formation of their lineage tradition. The new sectarianism was possible not only because of caste mobility in society but also because the colonial state was prepared to promote such division and competition to legal recognition.

First line response organization personnel are critical during urban search and rescue because they rescue people trapped in collapsed building structures. Having highly trained and motivated human resource is essential in these situations as they are relied to search and rescue people. The aim of this study was to determine the human resource capacity of first line response organisations during urban search and rescue in Nairobi and Mombasa City Counties that have in recent past witnessed residential and commercial buildings collapsing with many lives lost and huge losses in investment. Findings revealed that majority of responders did not have formal technical expertise in urban search and rescue