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Considering the nature and utilizing its potential powers have got the long history in the eastern countries, so that the numerous examples of minimum energy consumption and Renewable Energy usage are recognizable in their historical past. Based on the studies on the local windmills known as Asbads, located in the eastern part of Iran (the southern part of Khorasan and Sistan), Wind power, known as Renewable or Eco-friendly Energy in the contemporary age, plays the pivotal role in the historical and cultural traditions of this country. The study mainly shows that Asbads as the traditional mechanical machines, used for the wind power transmission mechanism can be utilized again in the contemporary era, developing its overall mechanism or constructive materials. Such an action is considered as an innovative step toward overcoming the nature, but this time not to destroy it but to keep it for the following generations. Based on the research provided modeling, Asbads mechanism in transmission of wind kinetic energy to the energy needed for the agricultural activities such as gridding the wheat or barley can be simply applied in the contemporary era. The present study is of descriptive-analytical type. Data gathering was done in library and fieldwork method. To this end, the Lutak, Neshtifan, and Nehbandan windmills, located in Sistan Province, were studied. Following the study of the windmill history of Sistan Province and southeast of Iran, the quotations from foreign travellers as well as the stand and the function of the mills in Iran’s architecture were investigated. It is noteworthy that the functional elements of the mills are designed according to the aerodynamics rules. This fact suggests that the builders of these mills were cognizant of the capacity and behavior of the wind to satisfy the daily needs of people.

This experiment was done for investigate the histopathological effects of bisphenol A exposure on testis tissue of guppy fish. In this study 90 guppies were examined in 2 experimental groups. In experiment groups, guppies exposed 4 mg/L and 8 mg/L BPA doses and after 96 hours fishes were sacrified. Tissues were dissected out, fixed in Bouin’s fixative, stained with Hematoksilen & Eosin, and examined using light microscopy. It is observed that deterioration, atresia and decreased in the number of seminiferous tubules in experiment groups.. In addition, openings between seminiferous tubules, increase in distance between tubules and decrease in the number of spermatogonium were detected.

Fast and robust analysis of hand gestures has received increasingly more attention in the last two decades. Sign language forms a major communication channel among the deaf people. Although they successfully communicate with each other when using sign language, they face many difficulties when they try to communicate with hearers, especially those who are unfamiliar with the sign language. In this paper we have designed a frame work for analyzing and recognizing the sign gesture language. The proposed method comes across different steps where image acquisition is done first. After image acquisition, segmentation process is carried out. The segmentation process used is the HSI segmentation. Next the images are made free from noise by performing the noise removal process using median filters. Next step is the feature extraction and recognition. For feature extraction, the feature vectors containing information about the aspect ratio, holes etc are extracted along with the shape features. The proposed method proves to be more efficient in data acquisition using sign gesture.

This paper proposes an improved configuration of double flying capacitor multicell (DFCM) converter. The main advantages of the proposed converter, compared to the conventional lDFCM converter, are the doubling of the number of output voltage levels and improvement of the output voltage frequency spectrum. This progress is achieved by adding only two low-power switches and one dc voltage source. However, the number and voltage rating of high-frequency switches and capacitors and the number of high frequency switching’s during a full cycle are kept constant. The doubling of the number of output voltage levels in the proposed converter makes it possible to decrease the number of cells, the number of flying capacitors, as well as their voltage rating and the amount of stored energy in flying capacitors. Moreover, a modulation method based on phase-shifted carrier pulse width modulation is proposed to control the new converter. The doubling of the number of output voltage levels in the proposed converter makes it possible to decrease the number of cells, then number of flying capacitors, as well as their voltage rating and the amount of stored energy in flying capacitors. Moreover, a modulation method based on phase-shifted carrier pulse width modulation is proposed to control the new converter.

Spectral analysis using the Fourier Transform is a powerful technique for stationary time series where the characteristics of the signal do not change with time. For non-stationary time series, the spectral content changes with time and hence time-averaged amplitude spectrum found by using Fourier Transform is inadequate to track the changes in the signal magnitude, frequency or phase. This paper presents a new time-frequency signal analysis method, called Modified S-Transform (MST) with modified Gaussian window, for visual localization, detection of various non-stationary power signals.

A crèche is defined as a nursery where babies and young children from nascent age of 1-3 years are cared for during the working day. Federal University of Science and Technology Uyo Nigeria recently are in dire need for a crèche facility to for a day care needs of the growing number of new born babies of its working staff from the administrative and academic sectors of the University. A literature research was conducted on the facility requirement for such facility vs-a-vis the needs for such provision for a capacity of fifty (50) children. In the BRIEF; there are needs for isolation space for the sick ones to hinder spread of contagious infant disease, staff/attendants space, sleeping, sanitary spaces, napkin washing, administrative, parents waiting for collection and registration, lactating space during breaks, etc. Where statistically articulated and analyzed to design a befitting crèche architecture that is environment friendly. It will also assist in mitigating and erasing, the danger of employing privates nannies who poses security dangers to our homes while away to official duties.

The aim of the present study is to treat the textile effluent using Continuous Stirred Tank Electrochemical reactor [CSTER]. RuO2 coated Ti and stainless steel were used as an anode and cathode respectively. The influence operating parameter such as effluent flow rate, initial effluent concentration, current density and initial pH of the effluent has been studied for the color removal of the effluent. The maximum color removal has been achieved at lower flow rate, lower initial effluent concentration and higher current density and alkaline pH. An artificial neural network (ANN) model has been developed to predict the performance of percentage color removal by electro oxidation process based on experimental data obtained in a laboratory using Continuous Stirred Tank Electrochemical reactor. A comparison between the predicted results of the designed ANN model and experimental data matches well for the 4-3-1 net work.

This study applies multivariate statistical technique to understand the hydro-geochemistry characteristics of pollutants along River Kaduna. Fourteen key monitored parameters that accurately represent the water quality during the rainy season (May-August) were provided by the Kaduna State Water Board. Cluster analysis (CA) grouped the sampled parameters into three independent classes (turbidity (TUR), conductivity (COND) and twelve parameters). As such, correlation of COND and TUR is worked out with the rest of the analyzed parameters based on the result generated in the CA. The findings indicate an excess concentration of TUR and COND with no significant relationship with other observed parameters. This finding is an indication that water quality parameters poses hidden complex characteristics that can only be simplified and understood when subjected to multivariate statistics and effort should be put by stakeholders to checkmate the concentration of the dominant pollutants.

This survey achieved in the city of Kindu and his/her/its peripheries have for objective to contribute to the knowledge of the Non Woody Forest products of plant origin, exploited in the biotopes surrounding the city of Kindu, the Nyoka locality, the Bilundu village and the Muyengo village in order to bring the actors to an exploitation responsible for these very important natural resources for their survival. In a specific manner it is about identifying the Non Woody Forest products exploited in the forests of Kindu and his/her/its vicinity and determined their biotopes of exploitation. For what is the collection of the data on the land, the used methodology had been based on the approach ethnoécologique, while leading an investigation on the Non Woody Forest products of the forests of Kindu and his/her/its vicinity. The investigation had concerned the exploiting permanent residents of the city of Kindu (Kindu city, Katako village, Shenge village, District Lwama), of the Bilundu village on the Kibombo road, the Nyoka village and the Muyengo village on the Kalima road. We had pulled at least 25 at random% of the households producers and to manage them the questionnaire elaborated to this effect. This collection of data was achieved as organizing some interviews to the course of which us had filled the cards. Therefore, the unit of sampling is the household of operators and consumers to the level of the survey sites and, our sample was of 697 individuals. The results showed that the species the more exploited like wild food plant in the biotopes of the Nyoka locality is Amaranthus viridis (LINNE), either 31%, followed of Colocasia antiquorum, var. esculenta, either 25% or Xanthosoma sagittifolium, 19%. In the biotopes of the Muyengo village, it is the species Amaranthus viridis that is the more harvested (34%), followed of Colocasia antiquorum (19%) and of Xanthosoma sagittifolium (11%). One also found that in the biotopes of the Bilundu village, one harvests the species more Dioscorea prehensilis (30%), followed of the species Amaranthus viridis (15%) and of the species Pteridium aquilinum (12,4%). Among the wild food plants harvested in the different biotopes of the city of Kindu, the species Amaranthus viridis is the more exploited, either 26%, followed of Xanthosoma sagittifolium, 16% and of the species Colocasia antiquorum and Talinum triangularis (11% for every case). In the Nyoka locality, 40% of forest operators harvest the PFNL of plant origin in the forest, 28% find them in fallows and 19% in the fields. In Muyengo, 38% in the forest, 29% in the fallows and 20% in the fields. In the Bilundu village, 37% of forest operators tell to find the Non Woody Forest products of plant origin in the forest, 23% in the savanna and 20% recover them in fallows. And for the city of Kindu, 37% of operators harvest these resources in the forest, 23% in the savannas and 20% in the fallows.

Avian influenza, especially highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), poses global threat not only for poultry but also for public health. To control avian influenza expediently, rapid, sensitive, and specific detection method is therefore of high importance. Here we compared the sensitivity and specificity of real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) and nucleic acid sequence based amplification assay - microplate detection method (NASBA-MDM), with chicken embryo infective dose 50 (EID50). Additionally, we compared two cell culture systems, namely chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) and Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells for virus detection. rRT-PCR and NASBA-MDM could detect about 0.1 EID50 virus. Both methods showed negative results for pathogen other than avian influenza viruses (AIVs) tested, indicating that they are sensitive and specific. In contrast, both cell systems could detect viruses about 1 EID50 in presence supplementary trypsin. rRT-PCR and NASBA-MDM could generate result within few hours. However, NASBA-MDM was more laborious than rRT-PCR. MDCK cells were found more sensitive when compared with CEF, but less sensitive than chicken embryo. However, cell cultures may serve as an alternate tool for virus isolation. Both molecular methods tested here may be applicable for rapid, early, and specific detection of AIVs. The usefulness of the various methods utilized here may be further appraised in terms of virus typing, antigenic subtyping and pathotyping.