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After several promotional activities carried out by different stakeholders the improved rice production technologies have not reached the farmers field. A study was conducted to identify the constraints faced by farmers in adoption of the improved rice production technologies. The study was conducted in five purposively selected blocks of Chatra district. In five randomly selected, one each from the selected blocks, villages 40 rice growers were selected randomly as respondents for each village covering 200 respondents in the study. Constraints identified by the respondents were grouped into six categories i.e. ecological, technological extension – related, infrastructural, economic & socio- cultural constraints. Results indicated that undulated topography and gravelly soil (94.5%) high fertilizer requirement in HYVS (89%) fragmented and scattered holdings (94.5%) inadequate advice and guidance by the charge agents (41%), low price of produce (98%) and open grazing of cattle (92%) perceived to be important constraints which diminished the adoption of improved rice production technologies.

We are very happy to announce that from 26th August 2016,Dr. Sanjay Keshaorao Katait has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Commerce. Dr. Sanjay Keshaorao Katait working as Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Shri Shivaji Arts & Commerce College, Amravati. The appointment of Dr. Sanjay Keshaorao Katait as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com.

We are very happy to announce that from 14th August 2013, Dr. V.Rajasekaran has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on English. Dr. V.Rajasekaran is currently working as Associate Professor /Head, Department of English, Faculty of Engineering, EBET Group of Institutions, Nathakadaiyur PO, Kangeyam TK, Tirupur 638 108, Tamilnadu, India. The appointment of Dr. V.Rajasekaran as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

This paper investigate the effects of radiation and first order homogeneous chemical reaction on MHD boundary layer flow of a viscous incompressible radiating fluid towards a porous exponential stretching sheet in the presence of heat generation and viscous dissipation. The governing non linear partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations by using similarity variables. The resultant system of equations is solved numerically by using Runge-Kutta method along with shooting technique. The effects of governing parameters on the dimensionless velocity, temperature and concentration are discussed graphically while the skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, Sherwood number are presented in tables. Moreover, the results thus obtained are also compared with the existing literature and were found to be in good agreement for special cases of previous literature

The board of directors and management are continually seeking ways to better achieve their visions and improve accountability. A key factor in helping achieve such outcomes and minimize operational problems is to implement appropriate internal controls. Effective internal control also helps in managing change to cope with shifting environments and evolving demands and priorities. Chapter one of this study gives the background information about micro financing, problem statement, objectives of the study stating on what the researcher intends to achieve, research questions to guide the researchers, justification of the research while chapter two is the literature review. The overall objective of the study was to examine the factors influencing internal control in the microfinance sector in Kenya. The specific objectives: The first of them was to investigate how credit management influence internal control, the second aim was to find out the impact of risk management in influencing internal control, the third was to investigate on how monitoring influence the internal control and; lastly was to determine the importance of control activities in influencing the internal control. This study was conducted in Mombasa county and focused on 4 deposit taking MFIs and 6 non-deposit taking microfinance institutions in the region. The study used primary data obtained through the questionnaires provided to different cadre of employees of those institutions. The researcher employed stratified random sampling procedure; systematic random sampling was used to identify the respondents of the study. Quantitative data collected by use of closed ended questions in the questionnaire were edited and checked for completeness and comprehensibility, summarized, coded and tabulated. The study used descriptive statistics in the analysis of demographics characteristics of the respondents and correlation and regression statistics to assess the study variables relating to the factors influencing the effectiveness of internal control in micro finance sector in Kenya with the help of SPSS 21. The study estblished that credit management provides discipline and structure as well as the climate which influences the quality of internal control, risk management enable the identification and analysis of relevant risks associated with achieving the objectives and ensured right personnel for the job are on board, monitoring helps the microfinance institutions to assess the quality of performance of the microfinance over time and finally control activities ensures that qualified and continuous supervision is provided to ensure that internal control objectives are achieved and that completeness and accuracy of information processing.

Our research deals with a boosting sector in Pakistan’s economy that is the small and medium enterprises that are being managed and run by the families (family business), because these firms are the very important asset of Pakistan like any other country which contribute about 65% in the economy of Pakistan. The aim of this contemplate is to diagnose the ownership and management style in family businesses. That is whether there is any difference in running a family business and a non family business. And if there a difference exists then to investigate that difference. This research design is a self reported research because it is the most commonly used method of business research for small business and entrepreneurship quantitative research. In our research we are going to understand and investigate the different variables like leadership style, family conflicts while running a family business, succession planning in family business and many other variables with a non family firm. In the past there are many researches on these issues in family business yet these areas need much more attention of the researchers and the other businessmen. The result of our research showed that there are significant difference in a family firm and a non family firm because a family firm has much more other pressures on it. The result of our research suggest that the leader of the family business should adopt a participative leadership style through this he/she can share all business and management decision with his/her family and employees which helps him/her to get family trust and employees loyalty along with increase productivity and expansion in the family business. This research is being conducted in on the small and medium enterprises in a selected area of Sargodha Pakistan. Therefore results may not be generalized around the globe.

Corporate Governance is the key to the global integrity of corporate institutions especially financial institutions and other sectors. In Nigeria, especially in the financial institutions, there is quest for good relevance of corporate governance and this is strengthened by the desire to draw investments and support economic growth, which constitute a good reward to both local and international investors. Incidentally, Nigerian financial institutions have suffered a lot of deterioration in their asset portfolios, largely due to distorted credit management and this has led to crisis in the institution and ultimately to the merging of Banks. This study sought to: (i) examine the impact of corporate governance on return on assets of some selected commercial banks in Nigeria. (ii) determine the impact of corporate governance on return on equity of some selected commercial banks in Nigeria. The study made use of cross sectional data for 10-years which were collated from Central Bank of Nigeria – Statistical bulletin for the period, 2003-2012. Two major objectives were formed and tested and results revealed that in the first objective the adjusted R-squared estimate is 86% and statistically significant at 5% significant level, which implies that the estimated model has high goodness of fit. For the second objective, the adjusted R-squared estimate is 58% and statistically significant at 5% significant level, which implies that the estimated model has high goodness of fit The study recommends, among others that central Bank should issue efficient monetary policies that would intensify transparency, integrity and curtail insider abuses on customers account in the Banking institutions. Above all, this study has contributed to knowledge by providing vital information on corporate governance on five of the commercial Banks in Nigeria.

Work-family role conflict has become an important issue in the determination of organizational commitment among female bankers in Nigeria. Recently, there has been an increase in the number of women engaged in the workforce and increase in the time demands on the part of the workforce, leaving less time available for them to be with their families. This study centered on striking a balance between work and family responsibilities among women in the banking industry in Nigeria with a view to promoting gender equality and women empowerment which is one of the core goals of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Subjects for this study were three hundred and sixty –one female bankers aged between 23 and 52. Three hypotheses were tested and the findings of the study revealed that there was a significant relationship between work-family role conflict and organizational commitment. The result also revealed that married women will significantly experience more work-family role conflict than single women. Furthermore, the result also showed that women who have spent a long duration will experience work-family role conflict than women who have spent a short duration. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended among others that there is a need for the government, the regulatory authorities of the banking sector, and the professional bodies to review the status, power and responsibilities of these women.

The present study aimed to explore knowledge and various myths related to Diabetes mellitus and antidiabetic drugs in our population. A descriptive cross sectional survey was conducted at the weekly diabetic clinic of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro over one year period. A sample of 560 subjects was studied including both diabetics and non-diabetics. A pre-structured proforma was used to gather information. The questions regarding myths and knowledge about diabetes mellitus and antidiabetic drugs were asked. The data was analyzed using the Statistix (USA version 8.1.) computer software statistical package. The continuous and categorical variables were analyzed using student`s t - test and Chi-square respectively. Regarding the antidiabetic drug therapy, a highly aberrant behavior of diabetics was noted. Only 42.2% of the diabetics were taking antidiabetic drugs regularly, rest were using drugs as on-off or on-demand therapy. The myths were noted as; Diabetics can take honey as it alleviates the blood sugar, herbal agents completely cure diabetes mellitus and diabetes is a disease of urine. The most dangerous myths were noted for the insulin therapy. Many diabetics responded that the insulin is a poison, which once started cannot be stopped. The insulin is used for those who are near to die and is not good for health. The myths and lack of proper knowledge of Diabetes mellitus are prevalent among population which could be associated with poor health seeking behavior; and increased morbidity and mortality.

Table of contents for the month of September 2011