Archives-j 

Kenya is administratively divided into forty-seven (47) counties each of which shall be under the stewardship of a County Governor once the new constitution is finally implemented. These officers shall be tasked with the coordination of governance and development in the respective administrative areas. Like specific country Heads of State in the case of New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), County Governors shall be regarded as peers and hence accountable to both the government and the local community for any development activities. In the NEPAD development thinking, specific countries are required to undertake in-house reviews of their development policies and performance in governance, human rights and social service provision among others. The resultant data are presented to other African Heads of State and Government for peer review and the particular Head of State/Government made to answer for any development shortcomings. Similarly, to improve governance and accountability of leaders in areas under their purview, County Governors in Kenya could be subjected to the same peer review, hence NEPAD from below. This paper examines the APRM philosophy as a development archetype and argues for its intra-country domestication in Kenya focusing on the County.

This paper utilized Taguchi robust design of experiment to obtain the optimum response and optimum setting of control factors affecting the impact strength response of ukam plant fiber reinforced CNSL biocomposite. Fiber Orientation (A), Fiber volume fraction (B) and Aspect ratio(C) are the considered process parameters used in the study. Charpy Impact test was carried out considering Standard L9 orthogonal array for the nine experimental runs and the optimization was done based on a larger is better Signal Noise ratio. Fiber volume fraction had the most significant effect on impact strength response evaluated. The optimum impact strength was captured as 11.12963KJ/m2.

P_2p-factorization of a complete bipartite graph for an integer was studied by Wang [1]. Further, Beiliang [2] extended the work of Wang [1], and studied the -factorization of complete bipartite multigraphs. For even value of in -factorization, the spectrum problem is completely solved [1, 2, 3]. However for odd value of i.e. and , the path factorization have been studied by a number of researchers [4, 5, 6, 7]. Again, factorizations of complete bipartite multigraphs and symmetric complete bipartite multi-digraphs were studied by Wang and Beiliang[8]. Also, Beiliang and Wang have shown that Ushio conjecture is true for bipartite graphs[9]. In the present paper we shall show that ushio conjecture is also true for factorization of complete bipartite graphs. That is, we shall prove that a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a -factorization of is integer.

Willful or unintended and negligent noncompliance to the advice of a clinician and recommended prescription medication by the elderly may have widespread ramifications, and often leads to hospitalizations, and increases in home health care costs and death. The elderly in the United States, average 12.7 prescriptions per year, consume 30% of prescription medications, spend $15 billion annually, and some receive eight or more medications per day. The focus of this qualitative study with a phenomenological design was to gain insight into the lived experiences in respect of pharmacological noncompliance. The participants for this study included 20 elderly African American individuals from Wisconsin. The research questions were framed to conform to a phenomenological study. The purpose of the study was to gain insight into the personal lived experiences of study participants in respect of medication compliance and adhering and complying with the medical advice of physician medical practitioners. Participants narrated life’s story regarding a personal medical condition and the ability to adhere to the instructions of a physician. The normative decision-making theory served as the conceptual framework and reference, to gain a deeper understanding of the motivations that drive, or constrain compliance to medication. The analysis of the data took place after completion of the research. The interviews were coded, transcribed, and categorized to facilitate the analysis of the data using an appropriate software program. The findings of the study indicated that the elderly experience different challenges. The responses of participants showed that the compliance levels increased when a greater and individualized interest is taken in the patient by healthcare providers. Patients are less likely to comply with the medical advice of a physician when there is little effort made to build and sustain a caring physician-patient relationship. The findings of this study may advance understanding of compliance to medical treatment, as the quest for improving the quality of life is ongoing and continuous in the United States.

This study looked at the perceived effect of teenage pregnancy on agricultural productivity in Odeda local government area of Ogun state, Nigeria. About 120 respondents including pregnant teenagers, mothers who once had pregnancy in their teen ages, and other community members were purposively sampled through the snowball sampling method. Four objectives were pursued while a hypothesis was tested. The result indicated that poverty and parental styles are the two major causes of teenage pregnancy. Absence of male household heads is, however, not seen as a serious cause of teenage pregnancy. The study further showed that teenage pregnancy has a negative effect on agricultural production. The result of the tested hypothesis deduced that age, sex and religion has a positive relationship with their assessment of teenage pregnancy. Accessible, free and compulsory qualitative basic education and awareness campaigns on sex education are essentially needed in reducing the incidence of teenage pregnancy in rural areas.

The paper focused on assessment of perception on climate change associated disasters, adaptations and resources for future opportunities based on human perceptions. Stratified random sampling was used for selecting respondents between north and southern Gashua. Fifty (50) respondents from the south and thirty eight (38) from the North were selected. The data was collected via field observation and structured interviews at the onset of the rainy season of 2011. The result revealed that, drought, wind storm, heat wave, hamattan dust, tree biodiversity reduction, flood and out-break of some heat related meningitis are among the major disasters aggravating the social well-beings of the populace. Among the reasons perceived for the disasters were massive deforestation, overgrazing due to communal resource feeling, nearness to desert, poverty, and societal immorality .Field observation revealed that, the inhabitants have adapted to the environmental challenges by practicing irrigation, fishing, rearing livestock, seasonal regional and local migration to southern Nigeria, reverting to traditional architectures, planting exotic tree species, civil service and intensive prayers for Devine intervention in their various religious gatherings. The study recommends among others, Agro- forestry intensification practice using draught- resistant tree species and massive participatory rural- integrated projects towards improvement of social amenities, economic diversifications through collaboration of NGOS, CBOS and local authorities, for the ample dry land resources-based opportunities witnessed in the study area.

The key challenge faced by cellular and wireless communication is high data rate and high Quality of Service (QOS).To obtain these requirements communication channel needs to be shared in an efficient manner. The only hindrance that prevents the efficient utilisation of communication channels is multipath fading resulting from increased bit error rate of system (BER) at higher signal to noise ratio (SNR) resulting in overall system performance degradation. Various diversity techniques can be used to mitigate the fading effects. The implementation of MIMO technology makes use of multiple antennas both at transmitter as well as receiver thus allowing the transmission of signal through various independent paths, providing the receiver several replicas of the transmitted signal. This increases the probability that accurate information is detected at receiver. In this paper BER vs. SNR is being analyzed for various modulation techniques and the results obtained are compared with each other. The proposed technique makes use of minimum mean square error ratio (MMSE) to provide satisfactory bit error rate (BER) performance as compared to earlier results of Maximum Ratio combining (MRC)

Security systems are basically based on authentication process. It is being more secure using different approaches. Verity of security systems is available in market but, they uses conventional scheme for identification of a person for an authentication process. Authentication is based on identification process. Recently signals like EEG and ECG called physiological signal of a human is a famous subject for the researcher. Many systems are being developed using this unique human characteristic. It is very hard to copy and universal for every human kind. In experiment for person identification method uses EEG signal, Wavelet Packet Decomposition (WPD) for feature extraction and Self-organizing map (SOM) as a classifier.

Wearable computing has variety of applications in which Body Sensor Network (BSN), or Wireless Body Network (WBN) used for pervasive health monitoring and pervasive smart environment. Application of sensors is increasing in the modern environment. In this paper an attempt has been made for probable preventions of drunken and medically affected driving strategies. This leads the future generation vehicles which are invisible servant or pervasive in nature to use pervasive intelligence based inbuilt application such as automatic configuring of car accessories. This paper deals with various characteristic parameter based analysis and design of a smart vehicles that guides the said categories of drive systems. Our simulation results proved good enough for drunker (or) medically affected drunken strategies, with the selected set of the unique parameters under consideration for our experiment.

Fungal sinusitis (FS) is an important health care problem both in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals; but which is less understood. Clinically FS patient presents with Chronic Rhino Sinusitis (CRS) refractory to medical and surgical treatment and they should be properly evaluated with history, CT scan, histopathology, fungal culture and allergic markers. Total of 300 patients with documented CRS based on clinical and radiological findings in the ENT clinic were enrolled as study group. Sinus washings, biopsy samples from sinusoidal mucosa and polyposis were collected in 2 sterile containers, for microbiology and histopathology and blood for various allergic parameters (total IgE concentration, absolute eosinophil count and precipitation test using fungal antigens). Total prevalence of fungal sinusitis was 13% in CRS patients. Commonly affected age group was between 21-40 years (69.3%) and male preponderance was noted in our study (1.6:1). Aspergillus species (87.1%) were the predominant isolate in our study. Allergic fungal sinusitis was commonest clinical presentation (61.5%). This study revealed that the prevalence of fungal sinusitis in CRS patients was significantly high. To estimate the real magnitude of the problem, multicentric study as well as compulsory fungal screening for the all the CRS patients should be undertaken.