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All welding processes are used with the aim of obtaining a welded joint with the desired weld-bead parameters, excellent mechanical properties with minimum distortion. The welding input parameters play a significant role in obtaining excellent mechanical properties with minimum distortion to get a desired weld bead parameters. Usually, the desired welding parameters are determined using traditional methods like welder’s experiences, charts and handbooks (preferred values) which are simple and inexpensive. But this does not ensure that the selected welding parameters result in satisfactory welding and this method is not applicable to new welding process. To achive desired weld bead parameters different models were developed to correlate input variables with output variables. Mathematical models to specify the relationship between the input variables and output parameters can be used for optimization. Design of Experiment (DoE) technique has been used to carry out such optimization. Computational network & evolutionary algorithms have also grown rapidly and been adapted for modeling and optimization of welding process parameters to achieve desired properties in the welded joint. In this paper a comprehensive literature review of the application of these techniques is presented. This review shows the correlation and modeling between the input welding process parameters and the output weldment characteristics. The paper also presents the optimization of the different welding processes through the mathematical models and evolutionary algorithm. The use of mathematical models and evolutionary algorithm for the optimization of the different welding processes is discussed in this paper.

The problem of mobilisation and spending of money during elections is critical to Africa and Tanzania in particular. Most sources of money are not known and corruption has therefore remained a central feature of Tanzania’s elections. Realizing this problem, the government has for many years instituted various mechanisms to address this vice. In some cases such mechanisms have been regarded as promoting corruption than preventing it as was the case with the “Takrima” Law which was declared unconstitutional by the High Court in 2006. To fill this legal vacuum, the government enacted the Election Expenses Act in 2010 with the aim of managing money in politics. The law was used during the 2010 general elections. I argue that this law is ineffective in several aspects to manage money in politics. As such the 2010 elections were marred with more corruption incidences and election malpractices.

We are very happy to announce that from 21st March 2019, Mr. K.S. Lokesh has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Mechanical Engineering. Mr. K.S. Lokesh is working as Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Srinivas Institute of Technology, Mangaluru, India. The appointment of Mr. K.S. Lokesh as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com.

Mycotic aneurysms are a uncommon presentation may be with rupture or sepsis. Disease management is often required to prevent catastrophic complications .Bacterial endocarditis is one of the classic causes of infected aneurysm. We report a case of a 14 8 mm mycotics plenics artery aneurysm secondary to endocarditis. Our patient have aortic and mitral valve replacements for acute articular Rheumatism, the disease management for our patient is a active surveillance of the aneurysm without complications. Our methodology is to review english and frensh articles from PubMed and cochran.

A cross sectional study is determined to know the effects of nepotism-favoritism and cronyism on the job stress, job satisfaction, adverse word mouth and intention to quit of the bank employees. A random sample of 909 employees selected randomly from 199 branches. A structured questionnaire is used to get the data by self-administered approach. The study revealed that negative practices of nepotism-favoritism and cronyism creates the job stress which decrease the job satisfaction create the adverse word of mouth and increase the intention to quit

The 2',4'-difluoroacetophenone (DFAP) molecule has been characterized by Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation using B3LYP have been performed to investigate the molecular structure and 1H and 13C chemical shifts of the title molecule. The obtained results show that the calculated NMR chemical shifts are in a good agreement with experimental data.

A thick-walled 90° elbow pipe is of particular interest due to its frequent usage in industrial systems such as chemical processing plants and petroleum refineries. Elastic stress analysis of thick walled pipe elbows using finite element computer software, such as ABAQUS was investigated. The current study shows that the stress level is influenced by the effects of the ratios of bend radius to pipe mean radius (R/ ) and mean radius to wall thickness ( /t) and value of internal pressure. The investigation is limited to include the elastic stresses due to internal pressure and stress variation which was found to be similar to that of a theoretical study reported in the literature. The stress along a thick-walled 90° elbow pipe with the increase in the inner radius, thickness and pressure increases the stress. Based on the variance analysis, the predictive models in this study are believed to produce values of the elastic stress of a thick-walled 90° elbow pipes close to those readings recorded numerically with a 96.5% confident interval.

In this paper Particle filter and SIFT algorithm are combined for moving objects tracking. SIFT key points constitute parts of particles to improve the distribution sample. The work, experiments of this study are performed using a movie from a soccer match. First, the ball is selected in the first frame by removing the background. Afterwards, key points are extracted via SIFT algorithm which are combined with particle filter. The particle filter algorithm tracks the ball till it is inside the scene.

Over the past few decades the stress had become a growing dilemma in organization and cause unfavorable effects on job performance. Stress is a universal element that affects employees worldwide. There are many barriers that affecting the employees in the workplace. Work stress often affects the employees in the workplace, where each employee will feel it at least once in their workplace. Work stress is a real life problem that not only affects the organization, but the employees mainly become victims of stress. stress become a familiar element in organization and nowadays the workplace become more complicated, which bring more negative impacts to the employees compared to positive impacts. Stress among workers is greater than before which also effect on the whole performance of the employees. Stress which occurred in workplace declared as harmful to physical and emotional responses that happen within a human being when the requirement of the job do not match the employees? capacity, resources and needs. In addition to higher levels of stress are connecting to lower performance, whereas higher job satisfaction point out higher performance.

In this paper, properties of fuzzy extremally disconnected spaces and fuzzy submaximal spaces are discussed.