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The Subclavian Steal Syndrome is a condition in which the subclavian artery proximal to the origin of the vertebral artery is affected with stenosis or blockage. The blockage causes the reverse blood flow in the vertebral artery which is termed the "steal", because it steals blood from the cerebral circulation. Blood is drawn from the contralateral vertebral, basilar or carotid artery regions into the low-pressure ipsilateral upper limb vessels. The term subclavian steal syndrome is applied when reversed vertebral artery flow causes cerebral ischemia with associated symptoms of vertebrobasilar hypo perfusion and/or symptoms of brainstem or arm ischemia. This syndrome exists as an important consideration in the differential diagnosis of cerebral and brachial ischemia.

Normally, the adult archetype aortic arch branching variations was due to the deviation in the growth pattern of the aortic or branchial arch arteries and their associated “migration” and “merging” of their branches. Recently, it is well identified that the suspicion exists with the “bovine arch” and “Truncus bicaroticus” trunk Aortic arches, leads to sudden severe neurological complications due to the wide range of atheromatous plaques and congenital aneurysms, cause medical emergencies. Radiology reports are advised to overlook for the Bovine and Truncus bicaroticus Aortic arches, as the true silent killers for the precautionary efforts to rule out the TAA.

The present paper deals with estimation of the population mean of the study variable when the information on the auxiliary variable is known and their population parameters are known. In the past, a number of modified ratio estimators are suggested with known values for the Co-efficient of Variation, Co-efficient of Kurtosis, Co-efficient of Skewness, Population Correlation Coefficient etc. However all these modified ratio estimators are biased but with less mean squared errors compared to the usual ratio estimator. In this paper some strategies have been suggested to improve the performance of the existing modified ratio estimators, which lead to a class of almost unbiased modified ratio estimators; and their performances are better than the modified ratio estimators. These are explained with the help of numerical examples.

The research that has been done in the area of evaluation methods all seek to achieve an efficient evaluation system for employees. The purpose and expectations of an organization determine performance evaluation method. Although most researchers and human resource managers believe that comprehensive and time consuming methods provide us with more effective information, the important point is that a suitable method based on organization situation and using cost analysis must be selected. 360-degree evaluation is an evaluation method in which a list of the merits is provided and all people involved in organization including superiors, colleagues, subordinates and the individual will be asked directly and indirectly to assess somebody on the basis of the merits required. The appraisee also participates in the process of self-evaluation. The present paper aims to investigate the difference between two types of evaluation methods including 360-degree evaluation and traditional evaluation among the employees and managers of Imam Reza Hospital in Kermanshah Province. The study sample is composed of all staff involved in Imam Reza Hospital including 50 managers, 46 physicians and also 479 employees who were surveyed by traditional evaluation method and 360-degree evaluation method. The data obtained using independent t-test and F-statistics and multiple comparison Tukey test showed that there is a significant difference between the means of the results obtained from the traditional evaluation method and 360-degree evaluation method, and 360-degree method provides the system with the a more accurate evaluation than the traditional method.

Describes a study performed in Leicestershire, United Kingdom to develop a reliable and valid scale for the measurement of the perceived service quality of bank services. The Cooperative Bank (CB) and Islamic Bank of Britain (IBB) which located in Leicester, UK. The location has been chosen as a sample for the research field study. A sample of retail banking customers in the Cooperative Bank and Islamic Bank of Britain was surveyed through a questionnaire. The proposed scale is called SERVQUAL and comprises 33 items named ‘CARTER’ with six dimensions (Compliance, Assurance, Reliability, Tangible, Empathy and Responsiveness), which customized for suitability of The Cooperative Bank and Islamic Bank of Britain. The Cooperative Bank and Islamic Bank of Britain were chosen because the both of banks is identified to have a different operational principles as compared to other conventional bank in the UK. The Cooperative Bank is recognized and operated its businesses according to the ethical values, while Islamic Bank of Britain has a similarities feature, where the business is run on Islamic Law. In this research the empathy dimension was chosen and will be analyzed to find its similarities in mean value and ranking for IBB and CB. The data gathered, which were derived from customers of The Cooperative Bank and Islamic Bank of Britain through questionnaire and was analyzed by using SPSS. The mean value of each banks will be compared in term of their perception in the given issues. The results indicated that the similarities were found in CB and IBB in the empathy dimension with the same ranking (1) in item of Confidence in banks management, on the other hand the similarities in the mean value also found with CB occupied the mean value 3.47 while IBB at 3.48.

Headache is one of the most common complaints encountered by healthcare practitioners, accounting for more than 1% of visits to physicians’ offices or emergency departments. As one of the top 10 presenting complaints in ambulatory medical care, headache can be symptomatic of a distinct pathologic process or can occur without an underlying cause. A migraine is caused by abnormal brain activity, which can be triggered by a number of factors. However, the exact chain of events remains unclear. Today, most medical experts believe the attack begins in the brain, and involves nerve pathways and chemicals. The changes affect blood flow in the brain and surrounding tissues. Caffeine withdrawal, Changes in hormone levels during a woman's menstrual cycle or with the use of birth control pills, Changes in sleep patterns, Exercise or other physical stress, Missed meals, Smoking or exposure to smoke. Migraine is an incurable disease. The review study was undertaken with the intention of finding a remedy for migraine. Preventive treatments of migraines include medications, nutritional supplements, lifestyle alterations, and surgery. Prevention is recommended in those who have headaches more than two days a week, cannot tolerate the medications used to treat acute attacks, or those with severe attacks that are not easily controlled.The goal of migraine therapy is to reduce the frequency, painfulness, and/or duration of migraines, and to increase the effectiveness of abortive therapy and to reduce drug consumption.

Marketing is intensifying as the various sectors recognize the marketing contributes to the improved performance in the market place. The markets offers a variety Tupperware to consumer. The media plays a vital role in helping manufactures to promote and find marke for their products. The focus is trying to capture the market by motivating consumer and not the market. Hence a complete understanding as the consumer’s preference their attributes to a particular brand is necessary. This research therefore aims at finding to the reason behind why consumers in the society are willing to use Tupperware brand

Background: Discharge and Billing process being the final step in the hospital experience is likely to be well remembered by the patient. Even if everything else went satisfactorily, a slow, frustrating discharge process can result in low patient satisfaction. Thus this study was carried out with the aim to ascertain the average time taken for the patient to be discharged in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Karnataka. Method: Registers were designed for the study purpose and were kept in the ward and billing office. Instructions were given to the nurses in the ward and clerical staff at the billing office about the study and entries to be made in the register. The average time taken for the whole discharge process of an individual patient was calculated using the data maintained in the registers. The statistical analysis was made to ascertain the average time taken for discharge. Appropriate tables and graphs are used for representing various findings and results. Results and Conclusion: The average time taken for the whole discharge process i.e. Intra processing time +Inter processing time of an individual patient is 2 hours 22 minutes.

Significant amounts of research and development work on Photovoltaic solar cells generate electricity by receiving sun light or solar irradiance. But solar cell received heat from solar irradiance as well and this will reduced the efficiency of the solar cell so the solution for this was by adding a cooling system (air or water) to the photovoltaic panel. Photovoltaic/thermal technology has been done. Many innovative systems and products have been introduced while evaluated product’s quality by academics and professionals. Some theoretical models also offered that experimental data have been validated their appropriateness. Important parameters in designing have known. Purpose of this paper is give review of trend to development photovoltaic/ thermal technology.

This study examined the accessibility and utilization of electronic resources by the staff of Fountain University, Osogbo, Nigeria. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed to the staff of the university out of which 65 (65%) were completed and returned. Questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection among staff. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). One of the findings of the study was that accessibility of electronic resources among staff in FUO was very low and this affects the use of these electronic resources. This paper discussed the strategies to increase access to subscribed electronic resources in the e-library of Fountain University Library. There is need to increase the internet facilities on campus in order to facilitate the accessibility of electronic resources to staff and the entire library users. The study discovered the factors hindering effective use of the library electronic resources to include irregular internet access culminating in slow downloading process, poor staff attitude to staff and irregular power supply. The study found out that subscription to large bandwidth, deployment of adequate internet signal, aggressive awareness, advocacy, attitudinal change of staff to use of e-resources and research development could enhance access and use of e-resources and databases. The paper recommends regular training of academic staff on how to access and use of university e-library.