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A matroid is a set with an independent structure defined on it. A matroid abstracts and generalizes the notion of linear independence in vector spaces and independence in graphs. Matroids unite the concepts of graph theory, linear algebra, projective geometry, transversal theory, and combinatorial optimization. Applications of matroids involve different areas such as combinatorial optimization, network theory, coding theory and many other areas. Matroids can be found in projective geometry; the fano plane of order 2 gives rise to a matroid. An important application of matroids in optimization involves the greedy algorithm. Kruskal’s algorithm for ?nding a minimal spanning tree which is an example of the greedy algorithm can be used to understand how matroids can be involved in the greedy algorithm. Consider a network of vertices with weighted links between the vertices. Our goal is to ?nd a collection of links that connect all vertices using the smallest weight. That is a spanning tree with minimal weights. Kruskal’s algorithm can be generalized to a matroid by taking a matroid M and a function w:M?R which assigns weights to each element. The goal is to ?nd the basis B of M such that ?w(x) where x?B is minimized. The greedy algorithm is a characterization of the matroid. Matroids are the structures in which the greedy algorithm works successfully

Today, for motivation, good behavior, to achieve organizational goals and increase labor productivity, managers of high levels of new strategies and efficient use of these strategies, creating a favorable organizational culture in order to conduct human behavior in organization and management of ideas in society is an organization of consumer goods and services. This article discusses the different definitions of organizational culture experts in the field of management, different models of culture, power and functionality desired organizational culture (a culture of quality) are examined.

The aim of this current article is to illustrate in detail Armenian relativistic formulas and compare them with Lorentz relativistic formulas so that readers can easily differentiate these two theories and visualize how general and rich our Armenian Theory of Special Relativity really is with a spectacular build in asymmetry. Then we are going behind this comparison and illustrating that build in asymmetry inside Armenian Theory of Special Relativity is reincarnating the aether as a universal reference medium, which is not contrary to relativity theory. We mathematically prove the existence of aether and we show how to extract infinite energy from the time-space or sub-atomic aether medium. Our theory explains all these facts and peacefully brings together followers of absolute aether theory, relativistic aether theory or followers of dark matter theory. We also mention that the absolute aether medium has a very complex geometric character, which has never been seen before. We are explaining why NASA's earlier "BPP" and DARPA's "Casimir Effect Enhancement" programs failed. We are also stating that the time is right to reopen NASA's BPP program and fuel the spacecrafts using the everywhere existing aether asymmetric momentum force.

The study has been done on the basis of survey questionnaire in the Engineering departments (under graduate) of Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur to measure the current or baseline departmental performance level. The feedback for this survey questionnaire has been considered independently for service providers such as administrators, faculties, other supporting staff as well as students who receive these services and are direct customers. A total of 116 persons have been surveyed from the 6 randomly selected departments out of 10 departments. The baseline or current performance level of the departments has been assessed based on the coefficient of variation (CV%) level through quantification of the survey questionnaire consisting of eight enablers. Each enabler contains several questions or drivers. A total of 75 drivers have been arrived for 8 enablers. A seven-point scale has been designed for each driver ranging from “Unsatisfactory” to “Outstanding”. To identify the weak areas for a department, the vital few drivers that correspond to “Unsatisfactory” performance have been found to take necessary remedial measures for attaining the new benchmark Coefficient of Variation level (CV%) under the present techno-economic set up.

Spontaneous rupture of the tibialis anterior tendon is uncommon. This article presents a case report of an Atraumatic Tibialis Anterior Tendon. Rupture of the tibialis anterior tendon can be caused by open, closed, direct, or indirect trauma, or it can occur spontaneously. Closed rupture is uncommon. Review of the literature reveals few reported cases of spontaneous rupture. Keywords: Atraumatic.; Tibialis Anterior Tendon, treatment

Due to ongoing COVID 19 pandemic, higher educational institutions around the world have moved towards e-learning system. Determining the positive attitudes and difficulties facing students during the use of e-learning in times of crisis, helps teachers and the institution in taking new steps appropriate to the needs of students in such difficult circumstances. So, this study aimed to analyse the attitudes and challenges facing Al-Istiqlal University (PASS) students towards e-learning. Samples of this study consisted of 280 students who were chosen in a simple random method from PASS students between April and June of 2020. Descriptive study method was adopted, and a well-designed and pre-tested online questionnaire was used to collect primary data. Results indicated that PASS participants own a positive attitude towards e-learning and their attitude results are significantly deferent with their gender, level of computer skills, academic grade, collage and availability of computer with permanent internet. Furthermore, students face a number of challenges while using the e-learning system, and a significant difference was found between the challenges of computer skills level, gender, computer availability with permanent internet connection and academic grade of the participant students. The study showed that the learners’ perception on e-learning reveals that it is valid in the time of COVID-19 pandemic and they understood that e-learning is very useful during crisis. In light of these findings, the study came up with a number of recommendations and suitable suggestions are given to overcome students’ challenges towards e-learning system.

Enterprise Resource Management (ERP) software was considered a cure for all ailments by organizations for some time before its official demise news given by Gartner Inc, which had coined the term in the first place in the 1990s. This was due to several problems encountered by organizations during the implementation of ERP software, including inflexibility in meeting organizational specific needs. This paper proposes the Best of Breed (BoB) Strategy which involves integrating number of standard package and/or custom software as a better alternative to single vendor developed ERP system. The study is based on two case studies, one case representing ERP implementation and another one representing a BOB strategy. This was followed by an in depth analysis of the two approaches using Questionnaire and personal interview. The study concludes that though traditional single vendor ERP systems, provide several benefits by integrating the Information system silos throughout the organization, but the Best of Breed provides another approach in which greater flexibility and competitive advantage can be obtained coupled with faster implementation. The paper also highlights the differences in complexity of implementation, levels of functionality, business process alignment potential and associated maintenance, between the two strategies.

Krukenberg tumors are defined as ovarian metastasis of digestive tract cancer. They represent only 1% to 2% of all malignant ovarian tumors [1]. Stomach is the most common primary site. We report an observation of Krukenberg tumor arising from a gastric cancer, discovered during the exploration of chronic abdominal pain in a 48-year- old women. The call signs were mainly digestive. Ultrasonography and pelvic MRI played a key diagnostic role. The aim of our article was to give an overview of the imaging features of typical Krukenberg tumor.

Blue rubber nevus syndrome also known as Bean syndrome, is a rare vascular congenital condition responsible for multiple venous malformations that usually concern the skin and the gastrointestinal tract, rarely reported affecting the central nervous system, lung or the thyroid gland. We herein present a case of an 80-year-old male, diagnosed with Biermer’s disease since 2006, he latter on was subject to an aggravation of his anemia leading the investigations to discover multiple gastrointestinal (GI) ‘blebs’ causing recurrent haemorrhages.

In the context of this article, the construction of software for language proficiency level and difficulty measurement of language proficiency tests was sought. The main software goal can not help with identification issues, and also the recognition of the text can not be mitigated by using common scoring systems, including the types of recognition calculations. This software accepts various Italian language test subjects whether they are graded or not, and after analyzing the text, ranks these texts at the corresponding Italian language proficiency levels and calculates the degree of difficulty of the test. The selection of subjects and their inclusion is of course done by the sampling method.