A three-stage heuristic combined Hopfield neural network for channel assignment problem in cellular mobile system
A three-stage algorithm of combining sequential heuristic methods into a Hopfield neural network is presented for the channel assignment problem in cellular mobile communication systems in this paper. The goal of this problem is to find a channel assignment to requested calls with the minimum number of channels subject to interference constraints between channels. The three-stage algorithm consists of: 1) the regular interval assignment stage; 2) the greedy assignment stage; and 3) the neural-network assignment stage. In the first stage, the calls in a cell determining the lower bound on the total number of channels are assigned channels at regular intervals. In the second stage, the calls in a cell with the largest degree and its adjacent cells are assigned channels by a greedy heuristic method. In the third stage, the calls in the remaining cells are assigned channels by a Hopfield neural network. The performance is verified through solving well-known benchmark problems. Especially for Sivarajan’s benchmark problems, my three-stage algorithm first achieves the lower bound solutions in all of the 12 instances.
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Accumulation and Translocation of Heavy Metals in Soil and Amaranthus Cruentus
A biogeochemical field study was carried out in the outskirts of Mumbai, where agricultural soils were contaminated by potentially toxic elements. Amaranthus cruentus is an important part of the diet in the state of Maharashtra and thus it was selected as a test plant. Environmental pollution is one of the severe problems that are faced by Mumbai and agriculture is also affected due to it. Analysis of lead and cadmium, two of the most hazardous heavy metals was done from the soil samples and its accumulation patterns in the test plant were studied. Lead and cadmium analysis was done using ICP-AAS to determine if these vegetable samples are fit for human consumption
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Action Oriented Learning (AOL) and tribal empowerment: the panacea for sustainable rural development-experiences from integrated tribal development agencies of Andhra Pradesh, India
Rural development hinges on soci-economic and institutional development of the region and the inhabitants. Inclusion of excluded confirms to sumptuous development and amidst women is considered as one of the strong deterministic pillars to it. The “
Action-Oriented Learning (AoL)” is a process led approach of inclusion of marginalized to the mainstream development, and thereby ensures sustainable development. The study is assessing the inclusive impact of “Sustainable Tribal Empowerment Project-(STEP)” executed in four northern districts of the state of Andhra Pradesh to restore the life and livelihood of tribal adhering
in-situ approaches to rural development as well as fostering due cognizance of social-ecological-institutional factors.
The paper is attempting to assess the induced impact as well as suitability of the strategies and the possibility of replication. The study establishes that AoL approach to tribal women empowerment is happily accepted by the poor and marginalized section of the society without any inhibition. The strategy adopted is enabling them to retain their social status, self-esteem and value in the society as well as inside the household. The vibrancy and multi-faceted abilities of women headed institutions in the ITDAs are tested to address socio-ecological-institutional and economical needs for acclaiming economic prosperity in the rural and tribal areas and proven successful. Proliferation and diversifications injected to the system of livelihood activities to meet the emerging economic need is proven to be essential and worthy. In view of the complexity of activities and institutions in tribal areas, the study therefore suggests that (i) priority lending to be extended to institutions working with integrated activities for integrated development, (ii) extensive financial support to purely women organizations/institutions ensures better and quick multiplier effect, (iii) reliving off the stringent policy of collateral securities to financial disbursement for institutions in tribal and rural areas , and (iv) following up of NABARD guidelines for institutional assessment for loan disbursement to women headed institutions.
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An alternative work options for organizational commitment
The alternative work options play an important role in the public organizations in the macro level. These alternative work options of job sharing and job rotation for organization outcome of organizational commitment have been neglected in the human resource studies. As a result, it holds great promise for benefiting organization over time in term of returns. In this paper, we presented and discussed a conceptual framework intended to capture the current domain of new work structures that can be adaptable into public organizations. The proposed framework could guide future researchers to better understand and integrate the alternative work options into organizational work structures.
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An Analytical study of production cost and profitability of paddy – A case of Bhandara District of Maharashtra (India)
This study analyses the production cost and profitability of paddy cultivation in Bhandara district, Maharashtra, India. It categorizes farmers into two groups based on their farm size. The research aims to identify factors affecting production cost and profitability variations between the two groups. The study intends to examine the performance of paddy in Bhandara districts during the period 2023 to 2024. The secondary data on pertaining to area, production and productivity were collected from the various Government published sources i.e. Statistical Abstract of Maharashtra State, District Socio-economic Review, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Maharashtra. The results of the study indicate, at overall period, the growth rate of area was positively significant at 1 per cent level of significance in Bhandara district. This study can inform policymakers and agricultural extension services on strategies to improve paddy production efficiency and profitability for small and large farmers in Bhandara district.
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An assessment of the prospects of property tax administration in Nigeria: a case study of Bauchi state board of internal revenue
Property tax is generally a tax imposed by municipalities upon owners of real property within their jurisdiction based on the value of such property. This form of tax is reported to be one of the most stable sources of revenue to governments however most state and local governments in Nigeria are yet to tap revenue from this form of tax. Revenue generated from this tax is used to provide basic amenities to the people. The paper examined the prospects of property tax administration in Bauchi state and the factors militating against its implementation. The data for the study was collected from the Bauchi State Board of Internal Revenue and the Bauchi State Ministry of Lands and Housing using the interview method. The study revealed that some of the property taxes were administered in Bauchi state such as stamp duty. The main problems identified that militate against the successful implementation of the taxes are lack of political will and inadequate records on properties. The study concluded that property taxation is not being fully enforced in Bauchi state and very few of the taxes are charged. It was recommended that more professionals (Estate surveyors and Valuers) should be employed in Bauchi State Board of Internal Revenue and the Ministry of Lands and Housing, and laws/edicts supporting the enforcement of the tax be introduced.
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An Econometric Study on Education and Economic Growth in Bangladesh
Education is a multidimensional process, one side it enhances the economic growth and another side, it reduces the poverty by increasing the productivity. This study examines the extent to which education affects economic growth in Bangladesh and show the impact of education on economic growth. In this study we utilize secondary time series data on GDP growth rate, adult literacy rate, gross enrolment in primary education, gross enrolment in secondary, gross enrolment in tertiary and government educational expenditure for the span of 2001-2015 in case of Bangladesh. The result of the t-test, F-test, the coefficient of correlation and coefficient of determination shows that education is positively and significantly related to the economic growth. For identifying the model specification, this study use multicollinearity test, Park test, Breusch-Godfrey (BG) test for heteroscedasticity, Durbin-Watson and Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey (BPG) test for autocorrelation. This tests suggest that our data is free from Heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation but there is multicollinearity problem in this data, for removing this multicollinearity we use dropping variable method.
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An Experimental Study on Compressive Strength of Sustainable Concrete using Ceramic Waste as Partial Replacement of Cement
The transformation from a conventional consumption based society to a sustainable society is urgently required due to the pollution of the natural environment, the exhaustion of the natural resources and the decreasing capacity of the final waste disposal facilities. One of the ways to solve this problem is to use ceramic waste (CW) concrete as partial replacement with cement in structural concrete. Also to develop a sustainable concrete using new supplementary cementitious material (SCM) like ceramic waste powder which is produced from ceramic tiles at the manufacturing process and dismantled tiles, broken pieces of tiles and it was partially replaced with Ordinary Portland cement (OPC).Concrete mixtures were produced, tested and compared in terms of compressive strength to the conventional concrete. These tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties for 7 and 28 days. As a result, the compressive strength achieved up to 30% replacing cement with ceramic waste. This research work is concerned with the experimental investigation on strength of concrete and optimum percentage of the partial replacement by replacing cement via 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of ceramic waste. Keeping all this view, the aim of the investigation is to study the behavior of concrete while replacing the ceramic waste with different proportions in concrete.
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An overview of ontological paper cutting machine
Overview of existing papers cutting machine and evolution of paper cutting machine has been analyzed and discussed. First, the theoretical and practical operating principles of various types of paper cutting has been analyzed and complete structural analyzes has been made to improvise machine operation. The various types of existing paper cutting machines are manual, semi-automatic, fully automatic hydraulic then, the inherent parts of the paper cutting machines has been illustrated.
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Analysis of Mammographic Lesions decomposition using Gabor filter
This research describes a mammographic lesions using wavelet based active contour model. The sensitivity of the breast cancer detection was analyzed by mammography. Wavelet based decomposition techniques are used and tested for decomposing the noise present in the mammographic lesions. Gabor filtering method is used to reduce the unwanted noise obtained in the mammographic lesions by automated segmentation. The experimental results are tested with the MATLAB and proved reliable and cost effective.
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