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Immigrants in the United States often display a propensity to start new ventures. The aim is to overcome the challenges of economic hardship during the initial years of arriving in a new country. The failure rate of immigrant-owned businesses, however, is high within the first 5 years of business start-up. The purpose of this single case study was to explore the strategies U.S.-based Togolese small business immigrant owners use in entrepreneurship, leveraging African roots, and seeking opportunities with Togo. The Schumpeterian entrepreneurship theory constituted an important lens to ground the study. The holistic analysis entailed the analysis and triangulation of data collected using qualitative thematic analysis and theoretical entrepreneurship postulations. The interview data from 20 successful Togolese small business owners residing in the Washington D.C. metropolitan area served the objectives of this study. Key criteria required participants to be engaged in entrepreneurial activities from the US, involving Togo, and operation of the business for at least 5 years. The key themes emerging from the coding and thematic analysis of interviews included corruption, lack of physical presence in Togo, linguistic barriers, and discrimination in the United States faced by immigrant entrepreneurs. The findings of the study may make a worthwhile contribution to improving the economic standing and business success of immigrant business owners. Entrepreneurs may use the knowledge to formulate entrepreneurship strategies, which could lead to the creation of jobs improvement in the standard of living of U.S.-based Togolese entrepreneurs. The discoveries from the research may contribute to the economic prosperity of local communities in Togo. ?

The aim of this paper is explaining the challenges of Indonesian maritime development. The research methodology used is literature review through the documents and focus group discussion of the members of the Maritime Working Group in Rumah Transisi. Indonesian vision as a maritime country is a strategic way in promoting national upgrading. The combination of good economy and strong security in the concept of maritime, is expected to make Indonesian society prosperous and sovereign.

Brahiminism remains a pervasive force in the works of U.R. Ananthamurthy. The places where Brahiminism is strong remain undeveloped with Brahmins becoming a part of unproductive society. Ananthamurthy’s works show that Brahmins remain a backward and unproductive society because of orthodoxy. Ananthamurthy’s heroes rebel against the oppressive system and try to justify their existence by rebelling against the customs. Incidentally all the heroes are Brahmins who know their society intimately, but they are liberal, open-minded and modern individuals who understand that if the Brahmins have to prosper in the modern world then they have to shun their attitude and fit into the modern economic system. The current paper studies different works of U.R. Ananthamurthy and shows how his heroes develop recalcitrance while trying to wake up their society to the evils that emanate from their anachronic customs and professions.

The essential oil composition of the leaves of Artemisia salsoloides, growing in Jammu & Kashmir, India, along with its antioxidant activity, is reported in present study. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed the presence of eight constituents, representing 99.96% of the total oil. The major constituents of the oil were 2,4-Penta diynylbenzene (49.68%), ?-trans-ocimene (17.98%), Sabinene (16.68%), 2,5-etheno(4,2,2) propeller-3,7,9-triene (5.58%). The monoterpene content in the oil was found to be 44.70 % while as other hydrocarbon content was 55.26%. The essential oil was evaluated for antioxidant activity with DPPH radical, exhibiting an interesting antioxidant profile.

The comparative study of solvolysis of tetra ethyl lead in aqueous NaOH and aqueous KOH solution was studied with the help of ultrasonic velocity, viscosity, density and other parameters determined by using a single crystal interferometer at a frequency of 2 MHz. the ultrasonic study of tetra ethyl lead conforms that there is a significant interaction between the solute- solvent molecules and ions in aqueous alkaline solutions. The main motto of this paper is that tetra ethyl lead shows more effective interaction on which alkaline solution.

This paper is concerned with the controllability of impulsive functional differential equations with infinite delay in a Banach space. Sufficient conditions for controllability are obtained by using the measures of noncompactness and Monch fixed point therem under the assumption of noncompactness of the evolution system.

Private Label brands had seen a striking expansion in recent days. Though, initially private label brands had a low-priced strategy, retailers have taken serious efforts quality improvements in recent years. The paper examines how retailers can influence the customers for private label brands by providing additional features in their product. Furthermore, the familiarity of the products may influence the purchase decision. The research method used in this study is descriptive research. Under this study a survey is conducted with the customers in and around the Coimbatore city for their preference towards private label brands. The major limitation in this study is that a few customers led some problems in the customer service area. The study was limited only to 200 customers. The time taken for the survey was between February 2012 and June 2012. The data collected is analysed with the tools like chi-square, weighted average rank and simple percentage method .The present study shows the customer preference for private label brands only in organized retail stores. Personal bias by the respondents may have script in while answering the questions.

Traditional products of Iran were created based on cultural needs and people’s beliefs and customs as well as functional needs. This study aimed to guide designers in designing new product based on cultural factors for Iranian people. In this study, the researcher wanted to experience his perception about cultural factors that influenced creating a particular traditional product in Iran and to study how these can contribute to designer practices. This study involved with qualitative method where interview has been conducted to identify specific traditional products, which have strong influence of cultural factors. Fifteen “Cultural Factors” has been identified, which can be beneficial to the designers for future product development.

The foot is among the heaviest producers of sweat in the body, as it is able to produce over 1 US pint (0.47 l) of perspiration per day. Socks help to absorb this sweat and draw it to areas where air can evaporate the perspiration. Although perspiration is odorless and 99% water, it provides a perfect medium for bacteria to grow. The bacteria cause foot odour. Foot odour is a type of body odour that affects the feet of humans and is generally considered to be an unpleasant smell. Wearing polyester or nylon socks may increase perspiration and therefore may intensify foot odor. In order to overcome this problem, a nylon sock was with increased moisture absorbency. The super absorbent solution was prepared by using various chemicals. Then the solution was examined for antibacterial activity by well diffusion method. The nylon socks were treated with this solution by dip dry method. The finished sample shows good moisture absorbency and also having antimicrobial activity when compared with the untreated sample by the testing method AATCC (147 and 30). It’s having odor control property and also there is no any irritant reaction to contact with dermatitis by the testing method of organoleptic evaluation and Contact dermatitis testing. Ultimately, it is applicable for athletic persons and also common socks wearers.

The main objective of the present paper is to obtain certain new results in the aspects of Hypergeometric function. The results presented here are presumably new.