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Renal agenesis is a congenital birth defect in which an infant is born missing one or both kidneys. The cause of renal agenesis is not known, though some cases result from inherited mutated genes. Babies with one kidney are often able to live and lead normal lives with ongoing tests and treatment. Those with no kidneys need long-term dialysis to survive.

The growth of the aorta and its major branches are from six pairs of branchial arches, which, throughout the fourth week of pregnancy, combine the primitive ventral and dorsal aortas in the embryo. The right-sided aortic is identified when the aortic arch courses to the right of the trachea. When this happens, there is interchanging of the descending aorta and ascending aorta to the right and left respectively. In abnormal condition it can be interruption dorsal segment which may result in any of the three types of right-sided aortic arch. In anomalies which are diagnosed earlier can result in the management of the condition

According to market statistics, the global functional food and nutraceutical market is growing industry, fuelled by consumer demand and advances in science as foods are now being examined intensively for added physiological benefits, which may reduce chronic disease risk or otherwise optimize health. It is these research efforts that have led to the global interest in the growing food category now recognised as functional foods. Nutraceuticals is the most active area of research in nutrition sciences today. There is renewed interest on traditional and indigenous health products and virgin coconut oil is a potent one as a nutraceutical. Focus on the benefits of virgin coconut oil in the present study from different studies will be useful to researchers in the fields of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and cosmetics.

The advent of ERP Systems, marked a new beginning in the Information Systems arena. It has brought about in reality the much sought after idea of providing competitive edge to organizations with the help of Information Systems. Though worldwide, several companies have extended their ERP systems to cover the entire supply chain, most of the Indian companies are still lagging behind. The research work carried out, was a Case Study based research work where a comparison and analysis of 10 cases was carried out in such organizations where ERP has been implemented. The basic objective of the study was to compare ERP implementation projects of ten successful companies and find critical issues related to various Pre-implementation, Implementation and Post implementation phases. The role of Information Systems in effective management of organizations has been since a long time. From merely crunching numbers, to helping taking strategic decisions, Information Systems have come a long way today. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system, a term coined by Gartner Research firm in the beginning of 1990s, was one such IS application that marked the beginning of a new age of enterprise wide computing.

This paper presents a comparative study on the important parameter of the ionosphere critical frequency of F2 layer (foF2) retrieved by means of ground based ionosonde radars and predicted by International Reference Ionosphere extended till plasma sphere (IRIPLAS-2011) model at two different locations including Northern Sumatra (Geographic Lat. 2.311°N,Geographic Long. 93.063°E) and Fox Island, Alaska (Geographic Lat. 52.008°N, Geographic Long.171.859°W) in the low and mid latitude during the earthquakes occurred in the years 2012 and 2011, respectively. A running median of the fof2 and linked inter quartile range (IQR), upper bound (UB) and lower bound (LB) are utilized as a reference for identifying abnormal signals during the earthquakes. The results show anomalous reductions and enhancements in the fof2 within 7 days before and after the earthquakes. A comparative study between ionosonde retrieved and IRIPLAS-2011 model derived foF2 values reveals that the ionosonde retrieved values exhibit better anomalies during both the events. The analysis during extreme quiet geophysical conditions is shown to be a useful indicator of a forthcoming earthquake.

Expired drug (non-toxic characteristics) was used as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 1 M HCl medium was studied by weight loss and electrochemical methods. Effect of temperature was investigated at temperature range (303-343 K).The obtained results reveals that, the inhibition efficiency increases with increases of concentration of the inhibitor. Polarization curves indicated that they are mixed – type of inhibitor. The data collected from Thermodynamic studied are in good agreement to confirm the ability of using expired LF drug acts as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in hydrochloric acid corrosive medium.

Cryptococcus is an encapsulated yeast, ubiquitous in nature. The concept of using differential media for isolating specific fungal pathogens is not new. The present study reveals that all plant based media are found to be supporting the confluent growth of Cryptococcus neoformans, Lowsonia inermis (Henna) leaf based media, Brassica campestris (Mustard) seed based media and Rhus cotinus (Smoke tree) leaf based media exhibits appreciable brown color effect (BCE) which makes them a good option as selective media for Cryptococcus neoformans. Not only plant based agar media, the plant based broths also supported confluent growth of this organism. This is perhaps the first report. Thus, these plant based media are selective, simple to prepare and economical to use and offers a novel alternative for currently available synthetic media.

The use of fossil fuels as energy is now broadly accepted as unsustainable due to depleting resources and also due to the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the environment. To resolve this problem use of renewable energy is now in focus, renewable energy plays a crucial role in dealing with energy security, eco-friendliness and climate change issues at global and national level. Renewable energy continued to grow strongly in 2012 in both OECD and non-OECD countries. This paper reviews the global growth of renewable energy and present renewable energy status in India, with the main focus on algal biofuel and its future prospects in India.

The objective of the present study is to give a review on heat transfer characteristics of fluids in curved and straight tubes for various parameters and under different experimental conditions. The heat transfer can be increased by two techniques mainly like application of external forces or by modification in surface geometry of the fluid passages. Surface geometry modifications like bending of straight tubes into curved coils are effective and efficient method of heat transfer enhancement. In this paper, various correlations proposed based on experimental heat transfer data by earlier investigators are presented to support the enhancement in overall heat transfer coefficient in curved tube and in straight tube heat exchangers. However, comparison of experimental overall heat transfer coefficient in helical coil and straight tube heat exchangers are found to be limited in the present literature.

The current study contended with studying explicitation phenomenon in a Farsi-English corpus. For doing so, five anecdotes selected at random from Sa'di's Golestan and their English translations extorted from "Sadi's Gulistan or Flower Garden" by James Ross (1890) were analyzed. In view of that, the researchers went through the anecdotes and their translations to extort the explicitation cases occurred through the procedure of translation. The result of the study showed explicitation has been used in the translations.