Archives-J 

This study was conducted to explore the biofilm forming capabilities of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing and non-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains by three different methods and to compare the methods as well. Two ESBL producers and two non-producers strains were subjected to biofilm detection methods. These isolates were previously confirmed by standard methods and API (Analytical Profile Index) scoring. Their ESBL production capabilities were confirmed by double discs synergy test as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Biofilm formation was detected by Congo Red Agar method (CRA), Test Tube method (TTM) and Microtiter Plate Assay method (MTP). Both the ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were characterized as strong biofilm formers. Between the two ESBL non-producers, one was assessed as weak and the other as moderate biofilm former by quantitative TTM and MTP. The MTP and quantitative TTM were considered superior to qualitative TTM and CRA method. Our findings highlighted the relatively higher biofilm forming ability by the ESBL positive Klebsiella pneumoniae that may additionally contribute to their resistance against extended spectrum antibiotics. We can conclude that K. pneumoniae strains, isolated from blood, to form biofilm have a significant association with ESBL production.

The Previous studies have shown evidence for the presence the quality factor of otoacoustic emissions models and it's role, in this work we study the effect by using different values of the quality factor, so we take the values of the quality factor (Q=5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50) The results suggest that reflections generation of the otoacoustic emissions from roughness are behaved two parts with respect to the value of the quality factor (Q), we found with low value (Q=5 and 10) the generation of the reflectivity is less than with high values of the quality factor ( Q = 20, 30, 40 and 50) therefore the reflectivity is depend on the value of quality factor.

In this study, effect of feeding two species of phytoplankton, Skeletonema and Chaetoceros, on zoea stage of Litopenaeus vannamei were evaluated. The larvae were fed with microalgae from Zoea 1 (Z1) until they change to Mysis 1 (M1). Survival rate, growth (total length) and larval development was evaluated every day. The highest survival rate (66.63%) was obtained in larvae fed with Chaetoceros. The highest growth rate (total length) was also related to Chaetoceros treating larvae with an average length of 3.17 mm. After over 128 hours, the best development stages of larvae was obtained in Chaetoceros treating with 100% conversion of larvae to M1, whereas only 10% of larvae fed with Skeletonema were observed at M1. Generally, Chaetoceros treatment showed better results between the treatments and statistically had significant difference with Skeletonema treatment (p<0.05).

Tacrolimus has become an important cornerstone in the prevention of rejection after kidney transplantation. However, its use has been complicated by several side effects, including chronic allograft nephropathy, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and neurotoxicity. Tacrolimus-induced neutropenia is a less recognized, but potentially life-threatening complication. We describe one patient with leukopenia developing within 49 days after renal transplant. After excluding other potential causes, tacrolimus was considered the most probable culprit. Definitive proof of this hypothesis was obtained by discontinuation of tacrolimus and switching to cyclosporine, which led to recovery of white blood cell count. With this case report, we aim to make others aware of the potential neutropenia induction by tacrolimus. 

Islamic architecture, like an old tree, has its roots in the land of Saudi Arabia where the first mosque was built. After that it has branched out in the neighboring countries like Egypt, Iraq, Syria, Turkey, Iran, India, etc. There for Islamic art and architecture has been flourished and flowered in other mentioned countries and have experimented during various schools of thought such as Seljuks ,Safavid , Ottomans, and Indo Islamic of India. Architects and artists of various nations throughout the process of developing their art and architecture have created various significant monuments such as Jame Masjed of Isfahan in Iran, Soltan Ahmed mosque of Istanbul in turkey and Delhi’s Jame masjed and Taj Mahal in Agra which shall be discussed in this paper. Taj Mahal is the most famous building which was designed by an Iranian architect. In this paper, In general, the impact of Seljuks and Safavid art and architecture on Indian Architecture shall be described.

During the recent years, the efficiency factor has been focused by many institutions, organizations and companies as one of the key factors affecting on the manufacture; and therefore, manpower efficiency has been taken into much consideration as one of the components of whole efficiency. The improvement of efficiency, as a principle for developing the industry and consequently for increasing the employment level and the effect on many enormous variables, has found the special position in the economic literature and the improvement of efficiency as one of the best and the most suitable ways is considered for improving the situation of that unit and establishing and guaranteeing the profitability continuation of the company. This Article follows the examination of effective factors on manpower efficiency of vehicle-manufacturing companies and the rate of their effectiveness. Based on the arisen results, the manufacture variables, the rate of capital, salary, wages, bonuses and exports have the direct meaningful effect on manpower efficiency and the performed investment for development, researches and management changes arisen from the privatization have the negative relationship in proportion to the manpower efficiency.

Undoubtedly, addiction has long been with different societies in different forms, and they [societies] have constantly been under its harmful effects. What appears so important is the manner of dealing with and the way of solving the problem which has always been under hot and chaotic arguments. Needles to say that no society desires to dissipate and/or extirpate its active, social, and economic human resources and precious institutions such as ‘the family’, only because of addiction, and this has caused the authorities to choose different strategies to eradicate the leech-problem. What proves very crucial among all is the change in people and authorities’ attitudes towards this highly undesirable phenomenon.

This study investigates the relation of breadth and depth of vocabulary knowledge and topic familiarity to EFL learners’ success in deriving meaning from context. It intends to determine whether (breadth and depth of) vocabulary knowledge and topic familiarity are related to the learners’ lexical inferencing success, and to investigate which of these variables makes an important contribution to L2 lexical inferencing success. The participants of the study were sixty-five pre-university students in Esfahan, Iran. In two consecutive weeks, version 2 of the Vocabulary Levels Test and the Word-Associate Test were used to measure participants’ breadth and depth of vocabulary knowledge, respectively. One week later, the participants received a reading text and attempted to derive the meanings of 10 unknown words from context. After inferencing task, they rated the degree of their familiarity to the text on a Likert-scale questionnaire. Result indicate a significant relationship between vocabulary knowledge and learners’ lexical inferencing as well as a significant relationship between learners’ topic familiarity and their lexical inferencing success. The results further revealed that depth of vocabulary knowledge made a significant contribution to inferential success over and above the contribution made by the learners’ breadth of vocabulary knowledge and their topic familiarity.

Cultural aspects devote a degree of significant importance in translation studies to themselves. This research tries to shed light on three important notions: culture, translation and children's literature (ChL). Translating cultural items has always been a delicate matter for translation scholars; however, translating these items in ChL makes the work more sensitive. The main purpose of the researcher in this study is to focus on the strategies applied by two Persian translators, namely; Hasan Honarmandi and Zoya Pirzaad, when facing CSIs in rendition of the book "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland". Having discovered 150 CSIs in the book and having sorted them according to Newmark's five categories for CSIs, the researcher found out that "cultural equivalent" was employed more frequently than the other translation strategies by the translators. Finally, by calculating the number of total strategies applied by the translators, the researcher identified that they were inclined toward domestication rather than foreignization in their translations of the book.