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Violent behaviour has contributed to destruction of facilities, physical disability, anxiety and poor academic performance in schools. In Bungoma County, cases of student violence in secondary schools have been reported in the recent years. For instance, in 2008, eight cases were reported, whereas in 2009 the number rose to over 30 cases. The purpose of the study was to establish teachers’ and students’ perceptions on forms and Psycho-social determinants of violent behavior among public secondary school students in Bungoma County, Kenya. The study was based on the Social learning theory by Albert Bandura which states that learning of behavior is through imitation, reinforcement and identification. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The study population was composed of 63 Principals, 2,340 teachers, 20,670 form two students and 4 County Education Officers. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select 364 teachers and 1,152 form two students from 213 public secondary schools while 213 Principals and 7 District Education Officers were selected using purposive sampling technique. Questionnaires and in-depth interview guides were used to collect data. Findings of the study revealed that forms of violent behavior as perceived by teachers and students were; rioting, fighting, bullying and sexual violence. Psycho-social determinants perceived by the teachers and students included; anxiety problems, experiencing mental problems and being fearful. It was concluded that rioting was the main form of violent behavior in secondary schools. Recommendations of the study were that: guidance and counseling be reinforced; and consistent control and discipline be encouraged.

The area of sentiment mining (also called sentiment extraction, opinion mining, opinion extraction, sentiment analysis, etc.) has seen a large increase in academic interest in the last few years. Researchers in the areas of natural language processing, data mining, machine learning, and others have tested a variety of methods of automating the sentiment analysis process. The feasibility and the benefits of the proposed approaches are demonstrated by means of spam review that is widely used in the field of sentiment classification. In the proposed work, a comparative study of the effectiveness of ensemble technique is made for sentiment classification. Bagging and boosting are two relatively new but popular methods for producing ensembles. In this work, bagging is evaluated on spam review data set in conjunction with Naive Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Genetic Algorithm (GA) as the base learners. The proposed bagged NB, SVM, GA is superior to individual approaches for spam review in terms of classification accuracy.

An attempt is made to provide a deconstruction of the theoretical underpinnings of performance management and development within the context of modern public sector organisations. The article provides a discussion on the concept of an employee management and development system (EPMS), as well as the key steps in the employee performance management and development process. The article further discusses the various techniques used in the modern public sector organisations.

According to traditional financial theory, the world and its participants are, for the most part, rational "wealth maximizers". However, there are many instances where emotion and psychology persuade our decisions, causing us to act in irregular or irrational ways. Behavioral finance is a rather new area that seeks to combine behavioral and cognitive psychological theory with conventional economics and finance to provide explanations for why people make irrational financial decisions. There are some irregularities that conventional financial theories have failed to explain. And what are the original reasons and biases that cause some people to behave irrationally and often in opposition to their top benefits. When using the labels "conventional" or "modern" to describe finance, we are talking about the type of finance that is based on rational and logical theories, such as the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and the efficient market hypothesis (EMH). These theories assume that people, for the most part, behave rationally and predictable in making decisions.

This study involves the preparation and characterization of hydrothermally grown zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods. Zinc acetate dihydrate, ethanol and de-ionized water were used to prepare seed layer. Zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine solution were used for growth of ZnO nanorods. The ZnO nanorods were grown for 5 hours at three different temperatures of 80°C, 90°C and 100°C and annealed at 500°C in air atmosphere. Nanorod growth temperatures are varied and the corresponding changes in structural, morphological, optical and photoluminescence properties were reported. The ZnO nanorods were investigated by XRD, SEM, UV and PL studies.

Urinary bladder cancer is the second most frequent tumour of the genitourinary tract with bladder adenocarcinoma comprising for about 0.2-2% of all malignant bladder tumours. Other primary sites for such tumours include rectum, stomach, endometrium, breast, prostate, seminal vesicles and ovaries. Such non-urothelial bladder tumours with intramural bladder tumour growth may delay the onset of symptoms which may lead to a delay in diagnosis and thereby adversely affecting the prognosis as compared to urothelial bladder tumours. Traditionally bladder adenocarcinomas were believed to be resistant to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but recent advancements have shown encouraging responses with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy.We present here-in a case of primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder highlighting its relative rarity of occurrence and the difficulties encountered in diagnosing primary bladder adenocarcinoma, its management and a review of the literature.

We are very happy to announce that from 8th April 2011, Prof.Mohammad Reza Iravani has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on the Social work. Prof.Mohammad Reza Iravani is currently at Department of Social work, Islamic Azad University of Khomeinishahr, Manzarieh Blvd, Khomeinishahr, Isfahan, Iran. The appointment of Prof.Mohammad Reza Iravani as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to chiefeditor@elixirjournal.org. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

Soil samples were collected from charnockitic soils of Ekiti state, Nigeria by random sampling using the soil map of Ekiti state as a guide. Surface samples and sub surface samples were dug covering about 100ha. The soils were sandy to loamy sand on the surface to sandy clay in the sub-soil. All the pedons, show consistently increasing clay with depth, pointing to argillic horizon development. Chemical analysis shows that the soil are characterized by high base saturation (>35% by NH4 OAc). The CEC, organic carbon, available phosphorus (Bray1) and total nitrogen were generally low. Most of the nutrient elements decreased with increase in depth.

There are some important factors that affect the use of computer technology in the classroom such as computer technology training, teachers’ attitudes and knowledge and experience. These factors have been unfortunately overlooked in many EFL classrooms. This paper examines the relationship between computer technology and the above factors. This paper discusses computer technology training, explains teachers’ attitudes and elaborates knowledge and experience. The review of literature indicates that if teachers want to use computer technology well they should be trained, have positive attitudes towards technology and knowledge and experience.

This investigation deals with the reliability of utensils processing unit. Utensils processing unit consists of six subsystems, viz., hot rolling machine, cold rolling machine, cutting machine, pressing machine, polishing machine and packaging machine, connected in 1-out-of-6: F arrangement system. Mathematical formulation of the model is carried out by employing Boolean Function Technique. Various measures of system effectiveness such as reliability and mean time to failure are obtained. Numerical results are also presented to demonstrate the validity of analyzed results. The failure rate is exponentially distributed.