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This article reviews the notion and characteristics of constructivism as a learning theory and its contribution to education in general and teachers and students roles in learning environments. In addition, it examines how constructivism has influenced the relationship between ICT and education.

Early studies on the adsorption and ion exchange potential of coconut coir dust (Cocos nucifera L.) has great proficiency for removal of trace metal ions from waste water and industrial effluents. Several factors influence the process of waste water detoxification by ion exchange using agricultural biomass. In this paper the effect of pH on the removal of metal ions by ion exchange has been studied by batch process for Pb(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) Using Native Coir dust (CD), Maize Cob (MC) and Carboxylated (CTR) and Sulphonated (STR) acetone modified extract of native coir dust. The amount of metal ions adsorbed increased with increase in pH of solution. Coir dust and Maize Cob removed more metal ion than carboxylated resin while the sulphonated resin removed the least i.e MC > CD > CTR > STR. At pH 4.5, the maize cob removed 94.53% of Pb(II), 95.92% Zn(II), 92.26% Cu(II) and 86.11% Cd(II). While at pH 6.5, it removed 92.56% Pb(II), 97.89% Zn(II), 92.45% Cu(II) and 89.44% Cd(II) respectively while the coir dust removed Pb(II): 72-33%, Zn(II):85.79%, Cu(II), 71.69% and Cd(II) 76.67% at pH 4.5 and 97.44%, 95.39%, 96.98% and 87.22% of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd respectively at pH 6.5. With adsorbent dosage of 0.1 - 0.30g, the % adsorption of metal ions varied in the following order: CD > MC > CTR > STR

Half a variable coefficient model is a variable coefficient model, this paper mainly discusses the useful promotion in linear equality constraints in the second half of variable coefficient model parameter estimation problem, this paper presents parameters in part equality constraints under double parameters of the conjugate gradient method and the parameters of part estimate, on the double parameters conjugate gradient method of the decline of the projection and convergence is proved by an example, the algorithm of the optimal inspection benign.

Table of contents for the month of May 2015

Table of contents for the month of May 2016

We are very happy to announce that from 27th January 2016, Mr. Nayanika Singh has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Psychology. Mr. Nayanika Singh working as Assistant Professor & Counselor, Department of Psychology, SUS, Tangori (Mohali, Punjab). The appointment of Mr. Nayanika Singh as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com.

We are very happy to announce that from 22nd September 2015, Mr.Muralidhar Kurni has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Computer Science. Mr.Muralidhar Kurni working as an Assistant Professor, Anantha Lakshmi Institute of Technology & Sciences, Anantapur, A.P., India. The appointment of Mr.Muralidhar Kurni as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com.

Osteoblastoma is a rare benign bone tumor, occurring during the second and third decade with a male predominance of spinal preferential seat secondarily the long bones of the limbs, rarely ends Its diagnosis is based on a set of arguments; clinical dominated by doctors located, the imaging objective lyric picture surrounded by sclerotic bone reaction and can invade soft tissues, and especially the pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis highlighting a significant proliferation of osteoblastic cells with the presence of osteoid tissue bathed in a lush and richly vascularised connective tissue. Treatment is exclusively surgical resection is complete and guarantee the prevention of recurrence. We report the case of an osteoblastoma of the ankle in a young adult revealed by localized pain and functional impairment. Standard radiography made was considered completely normal and the persistence of complaints CT was performed but was misleading suggestive of osteochondrosis. This is a pathological examination performed on specimens which helped rectify the diagnosis. The suites in this patient were simple, very satisfactory functional outcome osteoblastoma tumor is easily diagnosed if you think, easy treatment if done right.

Parallel programming represents the next turning point in how software engineers write software. Today, low-cost multicore processors are widely available for both desktop computers and laptops. As a result, applications will increasingly need to be paralleled to fully exploit the multicore-processor throughput gains that are becoming available. Unfortunately, writing parallel code is more complex than writing serial code. This is where the OpenMP programming model enters the parallel computing picture. OpenMP helps developers create multithreaded applications more easily while retaining the look and feel of serial programming. The term algorithm performance is a systematic and quantitative approach for constructing software systems to meet the performance objectives such as response time, throughput, scalability and resource utilization. The performances (speedup) of parallel algorithms on multi-core system have been presented in this paper. The experimental results on a multi-core processor show that the proposed parallel algorithms achieves good performance compared to the sequential.

Noise is defined as any unintended signal that interferes with circuit operation. Although this includes spurious signals of human origin or the external environment, this investigation is limited to noise that result from microscopic fluctuations within the semi-conductor components of the circuit. While noise is typically seen as an analog circuits problem, it is believed that noise will become of greater concern in digital circuits as devices shrink, power supply voltages are reduced, and the number of carriers conducted by these devices is reduced. Noise under large-signal conditions is an important consideration in the design of wireless communications circuits. It has an effect on the spectral purity of oscillators and the noise figure of mixers and power amplifiers. The ability to simulate the noise of LC Voltage- Controlled Oscillators (VCOs) makes it possible to predict their performance in these types of circuits. It is then possible to have a better picture of the worst-case performance of these circuits so that overdesign or costly redesigns are not necessary. This paper presents the development and simulation techniques and mathematically accurate models at the component level resulting in optimization of low frequency loading, feedback circuit and emitter degeneration which can help minimize the phase noise in FET oscillators subject to design constraints such as power dissipation, tank amplitude, tuning range, start-up condition, and diameter of spiral inductors.VCO output frequency is tuned by on-chip p /n-well junction varactors. The circuit topology minimizes the amount of fixed parasitic capacitance in the tank circuit. The simulation results show that the proposed VCO can reach the frequency wished to the telecommunication application. Parameters from an industrial0.35 ?m CMOS process are used for simulations. The nominal operating frequency of these oscillators is 2.4 GHz. They are designed to be resistant to supply and temperature effects. This oscillator achieves the necessary temperature and supply independence while being tunable about 2.4 GHz. Using only 2.5V of power supply and 1V of tuned voltage, the circuit shows a simulated single-output sensitivity of 565ppm/°C at 27C temperature and -0.47%/Volt at 2V.