Archives-December 

In arid and semi arid area, irrigation is very essential for successful agriculture. Quality of irrigation water is an important factor of crop production .Whatever may be the source of irrigation water, some soluble salts are always dissolved there in these are mostly sodium, calcium, magnesium and some time potassium as cations and chloride , carbonate, and bi-carbonate as anions. Salinity hazard which is associated with high soluble salts in water and measured in terms of electrical conductivity (EC), water having an EC value of more than 2.25m.mhos/cm² is always unsafe for irrigation use. The alkali hazard is related to the development of alkalinity in the soil and is expressed as SAR Residual Sodium Carbonate is an indirect expression of CO3^-2 and HCO3^-1 of Na⁺in ground water. Based on the RSC value the irrigation water are classified in conclusion.

Electro Magnetic Interference (EMl) emission is always of grave concern for power electronic circuit designers. Due to rapid switching of high current and high voltage, interference emission is a serious problem in switching power circuits. Many products fail to make it to the market because of their failure to comply with the government EMI regulations. Numerous companies have cited EMI problems as the culprit in the delay of their product introduction; a new chaotic pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme is proposed and implemented to reduce the conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) in power converters. Based on the analysis of constant frequency, Experiments have been made on a power converter. The experiment results show that the EMI spectrum is decided completely by the PWM spectrum, and the chaotic frequency-spreading has an obvious impact on EMI suppressing, compared with the other schemes. To chaoize a frequency-modulated signal which then modulates the carrier frequency. The proposed scheme not only suppresses the peaky EMI, but also avoids the occurrence of low-order noises and mechanical resonance.

The rupture of the Achilles tendon, so frequent especially in sports, has an impact which the increase was significant in the world and in our country in recent years, parallel to gain popularity in sports and the absence of means of prevention. In this retrospective study, we propose to evaluate different surgical techniques with the precision of epidemiological, clinical of the injury. This is a study of 49 patients treated between January 2008 and November 2013 in the service of Orthopaedic Traumatology CHU Ibn Sina in Rabat with a frequency of 8.5 cases per year. Our patients are divided into 47 men and 2 women, average age was 34 years with a maximum of cases between 30 and 50 years. Sports injuries were responsible for 51% of lesions with no predominance of the right side from the left side. The diagnosis was evident on clinical examination. All patients underwent conventional open surgery, the technique of Bosworth was slightly dominant. Two patients had a skin infection. No cases of postoperative pain or recurrent rupture occurred. The long-term results were evaluated according to the criteria of Mc Comis with a mean of 2.5 years. Thus, we found 95.9% excellent and good results and 4.08 of mayens results. The Achilles tendon is the largest and strongest tendon in the human body, the impact of his break has long been considered rare; the marked development of sports and leisure activities for the considerably increase. Treatment of ruptured Achilles tendon been no consensus in the light of recent clinical studies, it appears that for active patients and especially sports the treatment of choice is surgical, but the choice between conventional surgical techniques and minimally invasive remains debated. In Morocco, conventional surgical techniques are commonly used while in developed countries the minimally invasive surgery is becoming more and more its place.

Newly designed 2-azetidinone derivatives (4a-e) were synthesized in good yields and characterised by advanced spectroscopic studies. The title compounds were evaluated for qualitative (zone of inhibition) by agar diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes. Some of the analogues were found to have comparable or even more potency than the standard drugs. Docking study was performed to check interaction of synthesized compounds with the target DNA gyrase.

The -expansion method is predominant and useful mathematical tool for constructing exact traveling wave solutions to nonlinear evolution equations interweaved in mathematical physics, engineering, and physical sciences. In this article, we investigate solutions to the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation and the (2+1)-dimensional Zakharov-Kuznetsov (ZK) equations through the -expansion method. Abundant exact traveling wave solutions with arbitrary parameters have successfully been obtained by this method which are articulated in terms of trigonometric, hyperbolic, and rational functions.

This research deals with the effect of teaching by using Interactive Approach on the students' reading ability. The objective of the research is to investigate the effect of applying Interactive Approach on the students' reading ability. The sample of this study was 32 students. This study was conducted with an experimental research. The researcher took 1 class of Grade X Students of Madrasah Aliyah Swasta Gp. Teungoh Langsa Municipality as the sample and the class was divided into two treatments. The first treatment was the control group and the second treatment was the experimental group. The experimental group was taught by applying Interactive Approach, and the control group was taught by applying Conventional Approach. The instrument for collecting the data was objective test and essay test. To obtain the reliability of the test, the researcher used Pearson Product Moment formula. The result of the study showed that the reliability of the test was 0.57. The data were analyzed by using t-test formula. The analysis showed that the scores of the students of the experimental group were significantly higher than the scores of the students in the control group at the level significance 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 60 at the level of significance 0.05, it was found out that tobserved value 4.725 > ttable value 3.460. Therefore, the hypothesis that Interactive Approach significantly affects the students' reading ability is accepted. Key Words: Teaching, Interactive Approach, Reading Ability

Schools and more primary schools often use of workbook. They believe students learn better with this activities and workbooks. And some schools don't believe in using these books. Hands on Activities & Manipulative VS. Worksheets & Workbooks for Pre-K and Kindergarten (Love, Yahoo Contributor Network Nov 3, 2010). Workbook is the creative resource for photography and illustration portfolios, a source for memorizing, cutting edge marketing tools, industry news, contacts. Workbook is a leader of students.(WORKBOOK Photography & Illustration Portfolios, Creative Contact ...(www.workbook.com)

The International English Language Testing System (IELTS) serves as one of the most effective assessment tools to evaluate candidates’ overall English language proficiency being highly accepted by organizations and educational systems. Given that reading skills is believed to be a crucial skill for academic attainment (Cochran, 1993), test takers’ attitudes on reading for such an internationally recognized test and its relationship with their reading proficiency have been rarely explored. The present study was an attempt to investigate the attitudes of candidates towards IELTS test and its impact on their reading performance. To this end, 149 Participants (76 male and 73 female) were given a standardized attitude questionnaire (Rasti, 2009) to investigate the participants’ attitudes. The questionnaire was followed by two tests: A reading proficiency and a vocabulary test. The participants were also required to take a mock standard IELTS Academic Reading test to integrate statistical information. The results revealed that there is a significant positive correlation between the test takers’ attitudes towards the IELTS test and their reading performance. Additionally, there is a significant positive correlation between attitudes in general and reading proficiency and vocabulary knowledge. The findings consistent with other research (e.g., Chemutai, 2015; Hosseini, Hosseini, & Roudbari, 2013; Malallaha, 2000; Petrides, 2006) suggest that attitude should be considered as a key element through the processes of reading acquisition which may lead to better performance in proficiency tests. Key Words: attitude, proficiency, reading comprehension

The study aimed to investigate the potential impact of institutional structure (IS) on organizational effectiveness (OE) as it was recommended to be further explored. It was hypothesized that organizational justice will mediate the IS-OE relationship. This empirical study was conducted in higher education institutes (HEIs) in Lahore with academicians as respondents. 327 respondents were contacted and data were gathered. Multiple Regression was employed to test the hypothesized relationships. The results validated the model proving partial mediation of OJ.

The proximate, mineral, vitamins and phytochemical compositions of a sample of pili fruit kernel have been investigated. The result revealed low values of ether extract (12.77±0.3%), crude fibre (4.72 ±0.2 %) and a very low crude protein value of 3.94 ±0.002.. It has a high value of carbohydrate (65.91±0.7%). The calculated metabolizable energy value (1659.94KJ/100g) shows that pili fruit kernel flour is a good source of energy. The pili fruit kernel has high values of the essential mineral elements: sodium (158 mg/100g), potassium (513 mg/100g), calcium (230 mg/100g), magnesium (365 mg/100g) and phosphorus (131 mg/100g) as well as the trace elements: iron (229.75 mg/kg), zinc (72.01 mg/kg), copper (121.75 mg/kg) and manganese (156.25 mg/kg).These values indicate that pili fruit kernel is a very rich (good) source of dietary minerals. The Ca/P (1.75) and Na/K (0.308) ratios have favorable health implications. The pili fruit kernel sample has high values of vitamin A (455.1mg/kg), niacin (8.50mg/kg), riboflavin (5.50 mg/kg) but low values of thiamin (1.25 mg/kg), vitamin C (8.60 mg/100g) and vitamin E (8.98mg/100g). The pili fruit kernel sample has high values of alkaloid (3.94±0.008%), flavonoid (4.82±0.003%) but low values of saponin (0.62±0.05%) , tannin (0.28 ±0.001 mg/100g), cyanogenic glycoside as HCN (0.52±0.002mg/kg) , phytate (0.02±0.0007%) and trace amount of trypsin inhibitor.