Archives-December 

When the status of English changes from being a subject in its own right to a service industry for other specialisms, the approaches meant for teaching such English also warrant a few special considerations. Extending a blanket approach to the teaching of ESP as in the case of ESL, will result in gaps between performance levels and target requirements. English for business and technology is distinguished from General English not merely by the existence of learners’ needs but by the teachers’ awareness of such needs. It is not exactly the mastery of ESP teacher in the carrier content that motivates the learners of business and technology as much as his/her ability to drive home the real content using the carrier content as via media and planning interesting activities for the effective delivery of the content. Needs analysis is the epicentre of any sensible approach to the teaching of English for business. The language audit conducted by the teacher at the initial stages sensitizes him/her to the present proficiency levels of learners in a specific area and paves the way for an effective course design. This also projects the role of teacher more as a consultant available for help regarding specific problems in usage. The paper discusses the effectiveness of a few approaches to the teaching of English for business in the Indian context.

Thin-film ruthenium oxide electrodes are prepared by sol-gel spin coating technique on a stainless steel substrate. To obtain different film thicknesses deposition coats are increased. Thin films are used as electrodes for supercapacitor application with 0.1 M KOH electrolyte. Film thickness affected on the specific capacitance and charge–discharge. A maximum specific capacitance of 489 F/g is achieved with an electrode thickness of 0.1mg/ cm2. These results are explained by considering the structural and morphological changes that take place with increasing film thickness. The energy efficiency decreased with increasing film thickness. RuO2 film can withstand about 1000 cycles without a significant decrease in the capacitance. The EIS analysis data gave low value of ESR for 4 coats.

Spontaneous hematoma of renal lodge is a rare entity, the causes are diverse and are dominated by the tumor causes, vascular abnormalities, but also in connection with coagulopathy or anticoagulant therapy. CT remains the gold standard for the etiologic diagnosis, for against arteriography is discussed if the scan is normal or if there is suspicion of arterial disease. Spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma (SRH) can be fatal, requiring immediate recognition and intervention. There is no consensus regarding the therapeutic strategy. Nevertheless literature recommends a nephrectomy in case of diagnostic uncertainty , the fear of a tumor lesion passed unnoticed, or in case of hemodynamic instability. We report the case of a SRH in a young 45 years of chronic hemodialysis patient. We update through a review of the literature aspects of the diagnostic and therapeutic care of the SRH.

The mangrove ecosystem is of high economic importance to the local dwellers and the nation in general. The region is rich in both aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity and serves as a main source of livelihood for rural dwellers as well as stabilizing the ecosystem. Tremendous changes have occurred recently due to anthropogenic activities, thus raising awareness on the need for effective monitoring, protection and conservation of the mangrove ecosystem. A good knowledge of the services provided by mangrove ecosystems is an important key for effective management. The sustainable management of mangrove ecosystems in Nigeria will be an essential contribution to the proposed new target for the Millennium Development Goals to “Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving a significant reduction in the rate of loss by 2020”. The aim of this paper therefore is to review the status of mangrove resources drawn from the prospective of livelihood development. This review shows that the region is rich in biodiversity of high economic importance to national development and therefore requires effective monitoring in the conservation and management of this important ecosystem.

Clarias gariepinus larvae were reared in the laboratory, at five different densities to assess the effects of stocking density on growth, survival rate and condition factor. Larvae (mean weight, 0.05g, mean total length, 1.63cm) were stocked in five densities 20, 30, 60, 90, 120 larvae, each with a replicate. Temperature range was 24 to 260 C, while oxygen content was 5.8mg/L. The experiment lasted for 30 days from 2nd September, to 1st October, 2011. The specific growth rate, survival and condition factor (± s,e) of larvae stocked at densities of 20, 30, 69 ,90, 120-were : 29.71%,30.42%,29.81%,28.37%,and 27.00%, while condition factor were 8.13, 8.83, 7.95,8.1,and 7.77%.Mortality recorded in the various stocking densities were : 10 .00%, 16.66%,25.00%, 27.22% and 66.67%.The survival rate of the larvae were 90.00%, 83.33%, 75.00%, 72.00% and 33.33%.The result showed that stocking density of 30 fish m-3 had the highest specific growth rate, condition factor and mean weight gain.

The polymeric membrane using naturally occurring aloe-vera pulp as host and for filler, fine powdered natural waste egg shell was used which served the purpose of second component of the composite. The ratio of the aloe pulp and egg shell (ES) was kept 90:10. The membrane was characterized by different spectroscopic methods, viz., X-ray diffraction, Fourier transformed infra-red spectroscopy and conductivity by impedance spectroscopy. There is a sharp increase in the resistivity with temperature around melting temperature of the crystalline polymer. The attraction of this work is that the ingredients used for constructing the polymer matrix are natural , biocompatible and fully biodegradable.

The unsteady gravity-driven convective flow and heat transfer of optically thick nanofluid past an oscillating, vertical plate is considered. The flow is confined to y > 0 where y is the coordinate measure in the normal direction to the plate. The fluid is assumed to be electrically conducting with an uniform magnetic field applied in a direction perpendicular to the plate. The resulting equation is solved by making use of Laplace transform method. Velocity profile and temperature profile are drawn for different values of radiation parameter and magnetic parameter.

The synthesis and Biological activity of 2,4,5-trimethoxy benzaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone ligands have been reported. The Infrared and Elemental analysis have been assigned. The data agree quite well with the proposed structures. The group sensitive fundamentals are compared with those of similar molecules already reported in the literature. Ligand were screened for antimicrobial activities by the disc diffusion technique using DMSO as solvent. These Schiff base has been studied for their anti-bacterial ,anti-fungal, and anti oxidant activity. The antifungal activity of the said ligand has been screened against Aspergillus flavus, Asperjillus niger and Antibacterial activity tested against Vibrio harveyi , VibrioVulnificus, Escherichia Coli, Bacillus pumilus.The anti oxidant activity againt catalase assay.

This paper attempts to study the determining factors of Wadiah Saving Deposits in Malaysia. It intends to examine the relationship between Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Inflation Rate (INF), and Rate of Return (ROR) and Wadiah Savings Deposits in Malaysia. Analysis was done by using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Some of the techniques used to measure the factors were Pearson Correlation, coefficient of determination (R2), ANOVAs, Multiple regression analysis, and T-statistics. Using the data from Monthly Statistical Bulletin, Bank Negara Malaysia from 2003 until 2010, and this study found that Rate of Return (ROR) influenced the changes of Wadiah Saving Deposits in Malaysia. By using T-statistics, the results showed that only one independent variables namely Rate of Return (ROR) had significant influence with Wadiah Saving Deposits while Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Inflation Rate (INF) had no significant influence with Wadiah Saving Deposits.

In this study the effect of land size on energy use of strawberry production in Iran was investigated. The data were collected from 110 farmers in 13 villages growing strawberry in Kurdistan province of Iran. The land size was categorized into 4 groups. Total input energy for the first group, second group, third group, and last group was 60556.6 MJ ha^-1, 49313.5 MJ ha^-1, 49823.7 MJ ha^-1, and 37234.1 MJ ha^-1, respectively. The difference between mean values of first group and last group was significant at the 5% significance level. The difference between mean values of other groups was not significant at the 5% significance level.