Archives-December 

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is collection of multi-hop wireless mobile nodes that communicate with each other without centralized administration or fixed infrastructure or permanent topology. Routing protocols developed for wired networks are inadequate as they not only assume mostly permanent topology but also having high overheads. This problem leads to several routing algorithms/proposals specifically for ad hoc networks. However, some of these proposals are optimized variants of protocols designed for wired networks. This paper focused on various On Demand Routing protocols known as reactive protocols such as DSR, AODV, TORA, ABR, DYMO, LMR, LAR, SSA CBRP, RDMAR, MSR, AOMDV, ARA and their comparison with advantages and disadvantages.

The authors reported a rare case of carpal tunnel syndrome occurred in old adult anti-coagulated for over ten years for hypertensive and ischemic heart desease with pace-maker.He presented typical symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome after alterning previscan with lovenox. The echographic diagnosis confirmed a hematoma on the anterior surface of the wrist who had required in emergency the surgical opening of the anterior carpal ligament and the evacuation of the hematoma. In 48 hours we obtained a best recovery.

This paper examines school safety measures that have been put in place in primary schools to address the concerns for learner friendly environments in Uasin Gishu county, Kenya. The study was guided by the following objective: To assess the level of safety of school environments and its’ effect on implementation of child friendly schools initiative. This study was guided by resiliency theory as proposed by Krovetz (1998). Resiliency theory defines the protective factors in families, schools, and communities that exist in the lives of successful children and youth and compares these protective factors with what is missing from the lives of children and youth who are troubled. This study adopted a pragmatic approach to research and a mixed methods research design. From the 338 public primary schools in the county, a total of 103 schools were sampled to participate in the study which constituted 30% of the target population. A total of 103 headteachers and 103 class seven class teachers and 2,259 class seven pupils, who were grouped into 202 focus group discussions, participated in the study. Data was collected using questionnaires, interviews and focus group discussions. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics as well as qualitative techniques. It was established that there is a need for schools to put in place safety measures and rethink their emergency preparedness and response plans. Headteachers and teachers should mobilize resources towards the provision of essential materials such as lightning arresters, fire extinguishers and first aid kits, all of which would enhance safety in the schools in case of emergencies.

Business Anthropology has been in use for quite a while. While anthropology is being used extensively across different functions of business management, it is not yet recognized as a specialized branch of anthropology. The objective of this article is to introduce the concept of Managerial Anthropology and how Anthropology is used in every aspect of management functions.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analysis of physical fitness components and playing ability of Tamil Nadu Badminton Junior Ranking Players. To achieve this, 60 badminton players (40 boys and 20 girls) were selected from various districts of Tamil Nadu and age ranged from 13 to 15 years. Physical fitness components namely speed, agility, strength, flexibility, reaction time, balance, leg power and explosive power. It was measured by conducting 30 mts dash, 10 yards shuttle run, sit-up test, bend and reach test, Nelson hand reaction, stork balance, Sargent jump and standing broad jump. Hicks clear skill test were used to assess the badminton skill of the selected subjects. Pearson Product moment coefficient of correlation with significant level at (p<0.05) was used to examine the correlations between smash skill and speed, agility, strength, flexibility, reaction time, balance, leg power and explosive power. The analysis of data of boys badminton players revealed that clear skill was positively correlated with the strength (r = 0.318), and explosive power (r = 0.388), whereas agility (r = -0.476) was negatively correlated with the clear skill. No significant correlation was observed between speed, flexibility, reaction time, balance, leg power and clear skill of boys badminton players. The results in the case of girls badminton players shows that the clear skill was positively correlated with flexibility (r = 0.541), leg power (r = 0.596), explosive power (r=0.593), and negatively correlated with the speed (r = -0.381), agility (r= -0.669). On the basis of results no significant correlation was observed between strength, reaction time, balance and clear skill of girls badminton players.

Two phase closed thermosyphon are often used in heat exchanger equipments because of their high heat transfer capabilities without external power requirements. In the current study, the heat transfer characteristics of two phase closed thermosyphon is analysed experimentally for various angle of inclinations and heat inputs. To carry out the experiment, two copper thermosyphons of length 1000 mm, inner diameter 17 mm and outer diameter 19 mm are taken and charged with 60 ml of working fluid with an evaporator length of 400 mm and condenser length of 450 mm. One of the thermosyphon is charged with de-ionized water (DI) whereas the other is charged with aqueous solution of n-hexanol. The heat transfer coefficient of thermosyphon filled with aqueous solution of n-hexanol shows a better result when compared to thermosyphon filled with de-ionized water.

Air quality index (AQI) is the single value numerical expression to evaluate the quality of a given air at a particular location. The present study classifies the locations with different air pollution characteristics in respect of AQI and to evaluate the parameters of the locations of the monitoring program. A selected cluster analysis is applied to the pollution monitoring dataset which including SPM, RPM, SO2, NO2. A computer-simulated artificial neural network (ANN) model is developed using Matlab to get a good interaction between the different components of air of different location in Kolkata responsible for Air Quality measurement and their relationship with AQI.

Immigrants in the United States often display a propensity to start new ventures. The aim is to overcome the challenges of economic hardship during the initial years of arriving in a new country. The failure rate of immigrant-owned businesses, however, is high within the first 5 years of business start-up. The purpose of this single case study was to explore the strategies U.S.-based Togolese small business immigrant owners use in entrepreneurship, leveraging African roots, and seeking opportunities with Togo. The Schumpeterian entrepreneurship theory constituted an important lens to ground the study. The holistic analysis entailed the analysis and triangulation of data collected using qualitative thematic analysis and theoretical entrepreneurship postulations. The interview data from 20 successful Togolese small business owners residing in the Washington D.C. metropolitan area served the objectives of this study. Key criteria required participants to be engaged in entrepreneurial activities from the US, involving Togo, and operation of the business for at least 5 years. The key themes emerging from the coding and thematic analysis of interviews included corruption, lack of physical presence in Togo, linguistic barriers, and discrimination in the United States faced by immigrant entrepreneurs. The findings of the study may make a worthwhile contribution to improving the economic standing and business success of immigrant business owners. Entrepreneurs may use the knowledge to formulate entrepreneurship strategies, which could lead to the creation of jobs improvement in the standard of living of U.S.-based Togolese entrepreneurs. The discoveries from the research may contribute to the economic prosperity of local communities in Togo. ?

The aim of this paper is explaining the challenges of Indonesian maritime development. The research methodology used is literature review through the documents and focus group discussion of the members of the Maritime Working Group in Rumah Transisi. Indonesian vision as a maritime country is a strategic way in promoting national upgrading. The combination of good economy and strong security in the concept of maritime, is expected to make Indonesian society prosperous and sovereign.

Brahiminism remains a pervasive force in the works of U.R. Ananthamurthy. The places where Brahiminism is strong remain undeveloped with Brahmins becoming a part of unproductive society. Ananthamurthy’s works show that Brahmins remain a backward and unproductive society because of orthodoxy. Ananthamurthy’s heroes rebel against the oppressive system and try to justify their existence by rebelling against the customs. Incidentally all the heroes are Brahmins who know their society intimately, but they are liberal, open-minded and modern individuals who understand that if the Brahmins have to prosper in the modern world then they have to shun their attitude and fit into the modern economic system. The current paper studies different works of U.R. Ananthamurthy and shows how his heroes develop recalcitrance while trying to wake up their society to the evils that emanate from their anachronic customs and professions.