Archives-December  

Water resources issues and problems in the world's developing countries, or lesser developed countries present special management challenges. Irrigation is one of the most important inputs for an efficient and sustainable Industrial, and agricultural production. Irrigation management in the most projects so far has been essentially water supply based. The dynamics of general water demands are not explicitly considered. Consequently, irrigation systems do not supply the right quantities of water at the right time. The assessment of management strategies requires the analysis of the current irrigation and drainage system and prediction of the potential changes to various parameters. Several layers of map information such as: The Topographical map shows the physiographical features of the catchment area .The Digital Elevation Measurement (DEM) shows the elevations of the catchment area ranging between 86m-276m respectively indicating areas of low and high elevations within the catchment cardinals , Flow Direction, Flood-Plain, Study Area, and land-use map. The Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) shows region of high and low elevations in coloration , and The Irrigation suitability Zone maps shows that areas of low elevations are more suitable for irrigation system work, and similarly prone to flooding which are of notable height range between 86-100m, 100-120m, 120-140m, 140-160m, and 160-180m, and areas that are advised for industrialization of notable high elevations ranges from 180-200m, 200-220m, 220-240m, 240-260m, 260-276m. Some of the areas that are most suitable for mounting irrigation system in Ido Catchment area due to their ability to conserve water are Ogbontosa, bale, beko,jakaetc and these areas mentioned are as well prone to flood disasters. It is therefore recommended that: The identified surface irrigation potential of the river catchment in the study area can assist in policy decisions during a development of irrigation project and Communities should be strongly discouraged from settling within the flood plains.

Shampoos are products which remove surface grease and dirt from the hair shaft and scalp. The cleansing or detergent action of a shampoo along with anti microbial and anti-lice activity is beneficial for the consumers. Now a days herbal shampoo shows better activity, safer and popular when compared to the synthetic shampoos. We made an attempt to formulate a poly herbal shampoo by using neem leaf, thulasi leaf, mehandi leaf and gooseberry fruit along with synthetic compounds. The prepared formulations were evaluated for its physicochemical properties, anti-microbial and anti-lice activity; which was compared with the marketed products. The herbal shampoos showed better effects than marketed synthetic shampoo and also with lesser side effects.

This paper presents Maximum likelihood (M L) estimation approach to derive reliability measures of a two component identical system in the presence of Common Cause Shock failures (CCS) as well as human errors. The M L estimates of system reliability measures like frequency of failures were derived for both series and parallel systems. We also developed the confidence interval in the present study. The approach used is empirical one with Monte Carlo simulation.

This article examines gender violence and education in Nigeria. Gender based violence is a Universal problem that occurs in every culture. The study is an empirical study of domestic violence in higher institutions in Nigeria. It is a descriptive survey using qualitative and quantitative methods to obtain data from respondents on the magnitude of domestic violence in Nigeria. Seven hundred and sixty nine respondents were selected using random sampling technique. Data collection was done using questionnaire and interview methods. The findings revealed that the violence is a common experience and it affects students’ educational experiences. There is a correlation between the experience of violence and interruptions in higher education.

Somalia has undergone a prolonged period of conflict and insecurity over the last 30 years, with intense fighting, population displacement, food insecurity, lack of centralized governance structures. The political situation in Somalia has been uncertain since civil war began and the state collapsed. The lack of an effective central government has been one of the causes of worsening infrastructure, decline in basic health and social services, violation of human rights and one of the worst socioeconomic situations in the country. Two decades of conflict combined with natural disasters have rendered 40 percent of the population in critical need of help for International Aid with lack of government coordination and national development policy have hindered development of Somalia. After civil war began Somalia has failed to restore peace and stability as well as establishing effective governance system to develop social infrastructure. The general objective of the study was to examine the governance factors affecting social economic development in Mogadishu by measuring political stability, leadership and ethics. The study was used descriptive statistics research design both in qualitative and quantitative. The target populations of this study were the staff of Ministry of Trade of the Federal Government of Somalia and selected 100 people as a sample size using Slovene?s formula. Data was collected through questionnaire and finally processed and analyzed using computer SPSS. Study the displayed findings that political stability, Leadership style and ethics and their relationships with Social Economic Development. The results of the analyzed provided “poor” as the existence of these variables as most respondents responded that represented low quality. The study recommended two issues; leadership and ethical Behavior. These are meant to address policy makers those willing to make a positive change in attainment Social Economic Development.

Green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant source has been given much important. In the present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using the aqueous extract of Quisqualis indica. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-visible spectroscope, FT-IR and TEM analysis. The particle size of the synthesized AgNPs was 40 nm as confirmed by TEM. The qualitative assessment of reducing potential of the leaf extract of Quisqualis indica indicated the presence of reducing agents. Synthesized AgNPs exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against human bacterial pathogens like Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. 

Benzilic Acid is an organic material with interesting nonlinear optical properties, in particular Second Harmonic Generation (SHG).It was synthesized and single crystals were grown by slow evaporation method. Unit cell parameters were evaluated by single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction techniques. The formation of the material was confirmed qualitatively by FT-IR analysis and its optical transmittance was studied. The Thermal and mechanical properties were analised. The SHG efficiency was also measured.

The present work deals with experimental studies on heat transfer and flow characteristic for buoyancy induced flow through inclined tubes. The parameters varied during the experimentation are; tube inclination and heat supply. It was found that mass flow rate and heat transfer coefficient increases with increase in heat flux supplied. The flow rate decreases for increase in tube inclination.

Gesture Recognition plays a vital role in computer vision. The purpose of this survey is to provide a detailed overview and categories of current issues and trends. The recognition of human hand gesture movement can be performed at various levels of abstraction. Many applications and algorithms were discussed here with the explanation of system recognition framework. General overview of an action and its various applications were discussed in this paper. Most of the recognition system uses the data sets like KTH, Weizmann. Some other data sets were used by the action recognition system. In this paper, various approaches for image representation, feature extraction, activity detection and action recognition were also discussed.

The topic of this project is titled the impact of pre-marital counseling to young marriageable girls. Agape Baptist Church was used as a case study. the objectives of the research work is to know if pre-marital counseling has positive effects on marriage. A primary data were used for this research work and a chi-square was used for carrying out the research, test, the research work was done in 2018. The outcome of the research shows that, premarital counseling to marriage girls has positive effect. Therefore marriageable girls or couples should always be counseled before marriage so as to avoid the menace or problem caused by broken homes and divorce.