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Politics is determination of the will of the government which is the subject of the political sciences and the administration of affairs is execution of the will of the government which is the subject of the administrative sciences. Politics and the public affairs administration are in equilibrium with another. In other words, the administration of the public affairs is a ground for the execution of the government's will and stands against the policy which determines the structure of the public affairs administration. Investigating each of the mentioned instances entails attention to the other. Types of governmental systems based on centralization are centralized, decentralized, condensed and federal and confederate. In the centralized, decentralized and condensed governmental systems, there is a delegation of power from the central government to the local governments, while in the federal and confederate governmental systems there is no such transfer of power. In each of the centralization and decentralization systems, the national state monitors the affairs, but the type and intensity of monitoring will be different. However, the main question relating to the paper is how monitoring is taking place in the political system governing the Islamic Republic of Iran with a look at two common centralized and decentralize systems based on the Islamic Republic of Iran's constitution? In writing this paper, the library method and such tools as note taking and Internet content were applied where each was discussed while collecting data.

This paper suggests a new exponential ratio-type estimator for estimating the population variance using information of two auxiliary attributes in SRSWOR based on the adaption of the estimator presented by Lu et al. (2014). Problem is extended to the case of two phase sampling. The expressions for the mean square error of the proposed estimator have been derived. The proposed estimator has been compared theoretically with the usual unbiased estimator, usual ratio type estimator, estimator proposed by Chauhan et al. (2009) and the estimator proposed by Singh et al. (2009) and the conditions under which the proposed estimator are better than some existing estimators have also been given. An empirical study has also been carried out using two population data sets to demonstrate the efficiencies of the proposed estimator.

The aim of the present work was to develop a Itraconazole freeze dried tablet (FDT). Which dissolve instantaneously in the mouth. To enhancing the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble Itraconazole was improved by preparing a FDT of Itraconazole using freeze-drying technique. The FDT was prepared by dispersing the drug in an aqueous solution of highly water-soluble carrier materials consisting of gelatin, glycine, and sorbitol. The mixture was poured in to the pockets of blister packs and then was subjected to freezing and lyophilization. The FDT was characterized by DSC, XRD and SEM and was evaluated for saturation solubility and dissolution and compared with physical mixture (PM) and pure drug. The samples were stored in stability chamber to investigate their physical stability for 90 days. Result obtained by DSC and X-ray studied showed that Crystalline state of Itraconazole in FDT transformation to amorphous state during the formation of FDT. SEM result suggests reduction in Itraconazole particle size. The solubility of Itraconazole from the FDT showed seven times greater than pure drug was due to super-saturation generated by amorphous form of the drug. Dissolution studies showed that dissolution rate of FDT of Itraconazole significantly improved compared with the PM and the pure drug. More than 90% of Itraconazole in FDT dissolved within 5 min compared to only 27.38% of Itraconazole pure drug dissolved during 60 min. In stability test, the dissolution release profile of the Itraconazole in FDT was almost unchanged as compared with the freshly prepared FDT.

Fusiform cell lipomas are rare adipocytic tumours characterized by proliferation of mature adipocytes and fusiform cells; we report the case of a 59-year-old patient who received surgical removal from a left cervical tumor whose anatomopathological examination returned in favor of a fusiform cell lipoma.

Nigerian Children are still exposed to lead from the environment, food, drinking water, cosmetics, parents’ occupation, and the use of residual lead painted woods. Although, lead poisoning outbreak in Zamfara and Kaduna which claimed the life of several children, occurred in villages and amidst the lower societal class. Recent studies have however revealed that lead exposure is still a prevalent issue in urban and rural areas with the continued production of leaded paint by the Nigerian paint industries, and the discovery of high lead contents in some canned foods and other food products in Nigeria. Lead exposure and poisoning may be eradicated in the nearest future in Nigeria with greater awareness on its health implications, the use of cleaner fuel for cooking or heating, and with the proactive and collaborative approach by the government, parents, the Ministry of Health and Environment, the food industries, the paint manufacturing industries, and other stakeholders’ in the society. There is also the need to encourage the use of cleaner fuel in households. There is the possibility of future study on lead exposure in Nigerian children through the application of leaded beauty products such leaded eye pencils on their eyes by some mothers.

A child with ADHD, (Attention Deficient Hyperactivity Disorder), can derive great benefits from playing checkers during therapy. The therapist can assess the child’s ability to stay seated, wait his turn, pay attention to detail, sustain that attention, as well as how the child reacts to victory or defeat, (getting what they want or not getting what they want). When starting therapy, to talk about what is bothering him or her. The child is in a strange place, meeting with a therapist who is a stranger. The combination of these two factors can be overwhelming and intimidating to a child. Play therapy can be the best method for building rapport with any child. Play therapy can train a child to take what he learns in counseling and use the acquired skills in other areas of life. A game as simple as checkers can accomplish this. The results obtained from a study done on the children of 4-12 years old with ADHD indicated that game therapy method based on concentration-kinesthetic practices which is a combination of puzzle, riddle, story-telling in the form of feeling expression, game lines table design and application of distance reinforcement in these games, along with medication therapy can be helpful to modify and control behavior afflicted with ADHD, and although medication therapy can have less effects on treatment process, it cannot by itself play successful roles in treatment, modification and control of such behavior in this group of children.

This study examines a novel written by John Steinbeck and correspondingly its translation into Persian by Soroush Habibi (2009). Gideon Toury’s Acceptability, Adequacy and Cultural Norms (1995) have been applied in this study. The researcher gathered some information about Toury and his theory of “cultural norms”, and also the two types of translation, namely “adequate” and “acceptable” defined by the same scholar. The translated text was analyzed against the original work to determine if it is source-oriented (adequate) or receptor-oriented (acceptable). The impact of the ideology of the translator on adequacy and acceptability in translation has also been considered as the most important case in the study. The findings of the study revealed that Habibi’s translation was acceptable.

Poor strategy execution has been blamed for strategy failure in many organizations. Strategy maps, a tool developed by Kaplan and Norton of the Balanced Scorecard Collaboration, have been hailed in both theory and practice as a robust tool in aligning strategy execution. This paper investigates strategy deployment at a firm that has not yet embraced strategy maps with the intention to demonstrate from a theoretical point of view the potential benefits of deploying the company’s strategy using strategy maps. This is achieved through a thorough study of the company’s current performance measurement system. The study identifies the operational weaknesses inherent in the current performance measurement system. In the context of the identified weaknesses, the paper projects how strategy maps can lever and align strategy execution in the attainment of the company’s mission. Keywords: Align; Balanced scorecard; Money transfer agency; Strategy execution; Strategy maps

This study examined the relationship between EFL learners’ attributions for success and failure in learning a foreign language and their self-perceived communication competence. To this end, having homogenized the learners via the Interchange Objective Placement Test (IOPT), the Causal Dimension Scale (CDS-II) and the Language Achievement Attribution Scale (LAAS) were administered to 72 EFL learners studying at two English language institutes in Iran. Six causal attributions (ability, effort, task difficulty, mood, luck, and teacher) together with four attributional properties (locus of causality, stability, personal control, and external control) were compared with learners’ self-perceived communication competence. To see whether there is any significant relationship between learners’ attributions and their self-perceived communication competence, Pearson product-moment correlation was applied to the data. The results showed significant correlations between some of the LAAS, but not CDS-II, subscales and learners’ scores on the SPCC scale. Results from Regression Analysis (using LAAS) revealed that task difficulty attribution was the best predictor for low SPCC scores, indicating that students who attributed the outcome of their test to the difficulty of the task received lower grades on the SPCC scale. Finally, statistical results were discussed, and implications for English language teaching were suggested.

This paper examined the link between corporate governance and organisational performance in the banking industry. The objectives of this study were to investigate the significant difference between corporate governance practices and organisational performance and also to examine whether corporate governance variables used in this study were predictors of or were associated with organisational performance in the banking sector in Nigeria. The study employed survey research design. The subjects were employees of five banks in Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary data was obtained through questionnaires to get opinions of employees in the five banks. Five hypotheses were formulated and tested using Correlation Analysis, Regression Analysis, and T-test. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between Corporate Governance practices and Organizational Performance. It was also shown that corporate governance policies, and Shareholder Right and responsibilities jointly predicted Organizational Performance. In addition, it was shown that there was significant relationship between Shareholder right and responsibilities and Organizational performance. Lastly, research found that corporate governance policies and corporate governance practices jointly predicted Organizational Performance. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the management and staff of the banks should make it a point of duty to understand the concept of corporate governance and carry along the various stakeholders with a view to improving organizational performance.