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Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the trachea is rare, it represents 1% of all respiratory tract cancers. ACC are the second most common primary malignant tracheal neoplasms after squamous cell carcinoma. Dyspnea, nonproductive cough, and hemoptysis are the common initial and atypical symptoms. We report an extremely rare case of ACC of proximal trachea, in a 28-year-old male who presented with a 6 month history of hemoptysis and dyspnea. Laryngoscopy and computed tomography revealed a posterior tracheal tumor 1.7 cm long axis without extra-tracheal extension and without significant lung injury. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of ACC. The patient was treated by surgical resection and end- to- end anastomosis followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. Six months follow-up of the patient did not reveal local recurrence or distant metastases. Clinical features, histological appearance and differential diagnosis as well as treatment are discussed.

The present study was designed to explore the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) among public and private sector universities in teaching and learning process. This study was descriptive in nature, problem explored was to investigate use of ICT in teaching and learning process, it future aimed to investigate the role of faculty members in the effective application of ICT in classroom situation. The objectives of the research included to study the usage of information and communication technology (ICT) among faculty in public and private universities and to measure the awareness of private and public sector faculty about use of ICT in teaching learning process and to explore the role of demographic variation in determining faculty use of ICT in teaching learning process. The population of this study was faculty members of public and private sector universities in Rawalpindi/Islamabad. A stratified random sample comprised of 52 male and 48 female university faculty members were collected from three public and three private universities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The research tool ICT questionnaire was used to collect data. ICT questionnaire consists of 30 items which were filled out by public and private universities faculty members. After the data collection, data was analyzed with the help of SPSS 18 by using various statistical techniques like Mean, Standard Deviation, Correlation and ANOVA. Research findings reveal that there is significant difference in the awareness of public and private sector faculty about the use of Information and Communication Technology. Results portrays gender differences in prospective faculty perceptions where male university faculty members experience more use of ICT than female university faculty, younger university faculty members were higher user of ICT than older one, Professors use of ICT more frequently than Assistant professors and Lectures, the use of ICT is higher among M Phil qualified university faculty as compared to other qualification levels. Study elaborates that experienced university faculty are higher user of ICT than less experienced university faculty. Study found out that advance computer user among university faculty members experience higher use of ICT than basic and intermediate user. The study was beneficial to comprehend the use of ICT in teaching and learning environment. It was also useful because it present guidance for increase the use of technology integration in education. It was also helpful to investigate the ICT usage, may give guidance to educator, teachers, education planner and curriculum developer to integrate ICT in formal curriculum for advancement of knowledge and utilization of modern tools and services. It also provided recommendation on increasing the ICT usage in universities.

Nowadays, education serves to provide guidance to students who lack in their values, courtesy and politeness. However, good values are still unsatisfactory amongst students in the workshop. There are students who do not adhere to the rules resulting in wastage of workshop materials, and thus causing problems in the workshop management. This research is undertaken to survey the extent of the practice of moral values in a workshop at a polytechnic during teaching and learning sessions. The main instruments used to support the research are questionnaires and observations. A total of 365 students were selected as respondents from two polytechnics, namely Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah and Sultan Zainal Abidin. Four aspects of moral values are measured: cooperation, crafts, physical and mental hygiene and respect. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science Version 16.0 (SPSS 16.0) with the appropriate mean, standard deviation and minimum score t-test. The results revealed that the overall practice of values amongst polytechnic students is high and there were no differences in the practices between the two polytechnics. Therefore, researcher proposed several techniques to ensure students apply value as suggestion model.

Phenotypic and genotypic variability, heritability and correlation among growth parameters were examined in Dura x Pisifera (DxP) oil palm seedlings at the Oil Palm Research Institute Kade between July 2008-Feb 2010. All the characters studied were significantly and positively correlated with each other except leaf area ratio (LAR) in which the correlations were negative with 7 other traits. The highest correlations were between total plant dry weight and crop growth rate (CGR) and between leaf area and plant height. Net assimilation rate (NAR) and (CGR) had the highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation. For plant biomass the highest variation was observed in total plant dry weight. Broad sense heritability estimates (for growth parameters) were highest for LAR, NAR, LAI and CGR while for plant biomass the highest was for total plant dry weight. The implications of these findings in oil palm nursery management and seedlings selection are discussed.

Viscometric methods play a dominant role in studying the Polymer-Solvent interaction. Due to this interaction, there is an increase in viscosity of polymer solution over that of pure solvent. The intrinsic viscosity is the limiting value of the reduced viscosity at infinite dilution. The intrinsic viscosity has been used to study the extent of interaction between polymer and the solvent. In the present work, the intrinsic viscosity obtained through   adiabatic compressibility and viscosity data is applied to the solution of Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone in polar solvent at 308 K, 313 K & 318 K.  Viscosity of the solvated part (?_s) is computed and its variation with molar concentration (n₂) is studied. The molar solvated volume (?_s) obtained from ?_s is compared with the values of ?_s computed using the traditional equation. The Huggin’s coefficients A_?   and B_? are determined from Viscosity study and compared with those obtained from solvation study.

The aim of this paper is to introduce a new class of sets called (1 ,2)*alpha* -closed sets in topological spaces and to study their properties. Further, we define and study (1,2)*T_alpha* space , (1,2)*_gT_alpha* -space and their properties. 

Translatologists have tried to take advantage of scientific models to escape from the diversity of personal ideas to assess the quality of a piece of translation. One of those models is Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar. In this paper the researcher has chosen “Uncle Willy” by William Faulkner and analysed its transitivity patterns, to find out the writer’s style, based on Halliday’s six processes and compared it with those of the translated text. The results show that the translator has emphasized the writer’s materialistic point of view and has decreased the relational interactions between the characters of the story in the interests of their mental actions. This has caused relational actions to happen in regard to dialogues while in ST more verbal actions happen in characters’ mind. And the existential aspect of the story has taken a stronger colour.

Additive or constructive manufacturing is a manufacturing technology in which prototypes and functional parts are built through layer by layer addition of material directly by importing the STL file from CAD software to 3D printer. Unlike many manufacturing processes in which material destruction or erosion takes place in this technology material is successively added in a constructive manner to obtain physical 3D object. Due to its simplified product development process it has a wide range of applications in many distinct areas like Automobile, Aerospace, Architecture, bio medics and consumer goods. Since inception many additive manufacturing techniques were evolved and a variety of materials from the classes of metals, polymers, ceramics and composites are utilized. As the numbers of applications are increasing day to day the development of new materials has gained significant importance. In the current paper an over view of developed materials for additive manufacturing processes are reviewed and recent research developments in natural, diverse materials for additive manufacturing applications are discussed.

The state of Jammu and Kashmir has been a tourist paradise from times because of its pleasant climate, typical flora and fauna and the beauty of its natural landscape. Gulmarg – a majestic hill station in the district Baramulla of Jammu and Kashmir nestled with stunning peaks in the Himalayan ranges offers tremendous opportunities for research. Keeping in view the importance and usefulness of Gulmarg Wildlife Sanctuary, it was thought necessary to conduct preliminary studies on the spider community of the Gulmarg wildlife sanctuary in order to assess the diversity and distribution of spiders at four sites during the months of May, June, July, October & December 2012. The spider community was found to be represented by 18 taxa. Araneidae was dominant family followed by Lycosidae, Linyphiidae, Pholcidae, Salticidae, Sparassidae and Clubionidae. Differences in vegetation cover or human use showed variation in diversity and composition of spiders between different sites. Forest sites showed relatively higher diversity as compared to meadow sites.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has only recently been seen as a multi-systemic rather than a respiratory system disease. It is acknowledged that the inflammation which occurs and installs in COPD leads to remodeling of the airway, with consequent impaired pulmonary mechanism and obstructed air flow.