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Reading is one of the most important skills in second language learning. This is especially true at the tertiary level because it secures success in academic learning and facilitates in other parts of language learning (Carrell, 1989). However, teaching reading is somewhat complicated as reading is an intricate and complex cognitive process itself. In Malaysia, the issue of non-proficient graduates in the English language is continually being debated, which implies that the students are not well-prepared to cope with academic literacy (David & Govindasamy, 2006; Pandian, 2000). Along the same line, a growing body of research suggests that the beliefs, attitudes, expectations and perceptions of pre-service teachers should be highly addressed (Pajares, 1992; Young, 1998; Kagan, 1992). Thus, the present study seeks to explore the self-perceptions of the undergraduates of a Teaching English as a Second Language (TESL) program, as readers and also as future teachers of ESL reading. It is hoped that through this study, a better understanding of the perceptions can be obtained so as to increase the quality of new teachers entering the world of teaching. It is assumed that those students who possess positive self-perceptions as readers will also have positive self-perceptions to become reading teachers.

The present study aimed at providing a comparison of General English Course Books used at universities in Iran which are designed by different authors (Iranian and foreigner) from critical thinking perspective. To this end, a retrospective evaluation was designed to examine the reading comprehension questions of 2 selected General English Course Books in terms of the degree to which they foster critical thinking. To accomplish the objectives of the study, firstly one of the top universities of Iran (Isfahan University) was selected; next 2 of the most frequent General English Course Books which were taught in the university were chosen, one of the books with foreign author and designer and another one with Iranian author and designer. Then, reading comprehension questions of all units of the CBs were analyzed based on Facione‘s (2011) critical thinking model (consisting of 6 features); then, the data were analyzed and occurrence percentage of each feature was calculated in each CB. The results revealed the representation of critical thinking features of Facion‘s (2011) model and the extent to which the Course Books matched the criteria in fostering critical thinking. The findings of the study seem to suggest that Iranian university students could not be expected to become critical thinkers through the study of such course books. And also the results show the difference between CBs with foreign and Iranian designers in the representation of critical thinking.

The system of caste is said to have originated in India though the exact origin of caste system cannot be traced. The records of Indo Aryan Culture contains its first mention. According to Dr. Muzumdar the caste system took its birth after the arrival of Aryans in India. In order to maintain their separate existence the Indo-Aryans used for certain groups and orders of people the favourite word ‘Varna” and ‘Colour’. Of the relation subsisting between four classes-Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vis and Sudra-Brahmin is definitely said to be superior to Kshatriya.

This study examines stereotypical representations and roles of women in action movie posters across three eras of Hollywood. Adopting a semiotic approach, the research analyzed 30 movie posters from 1930 to 2012 with the following objectives: i) to examine the visual representation of women in movie posters, ii) to investigate gender bias in titles and taglines of movie posters, and iii) to show the shift in the representations and roles of women in movie posters. Findings showed four major role categories: lover, damsel in distress, sex object, and heroine. Lovers were both centralized and marginalized in posters across three eras. The submissive lovers of the classical period transformed into multifaceted characters in the post-classical posters when they wielded guns or were juxtaposed with outlaws. Damsels in distress were backgrounded through reduced image sizes, gloomy colors, and long shots in the classical and post-classical posters. A shift came about when new Hollywood featured woman and her rescuer in close shots. Women’s nudity was obscured through use of unnatural colors, small sizes, and public shots in the post-classical era. In the new era, heroines were given weapons to indicate their physical prowess. Though female characters were given equal space with male heroes, they were still placed at a subordinate classification level. Movie titles and taglines mainly referred to male heroes’ missions or actions and women’s villainy, besides other themes such as racial conflicts or war.

Satellite images are used to extract linear features, like roads, etc. The extraction of linear features or boundaries defining the extents of lands, land covers features are important in Cadastral Surveying. Cadastral Surveying is the cornerstone of any Cadastral System. A two dimensional cadastral plan is a model which represents both the cadastral and geometrical information of a two dimensional labeled Image. This paper aims at using a combination of canny and morphological operations for extracting representations of cadastral boundaries from high resolution Satellite imagery hence minimizing the human interventions. The Satellite imagery is initially rectified hence establishing the satellite imagery in the correct orientation and spatial location for further analysis. We, then employ the much available Satellite imagery to segment the relevant cadastral features using the above mentioned methods. We evaluate the potential of using high resolution Satellite imagery to achieve Cadastral goals of boundary detection and extraction of farmlands using image processing algorithms. This method proves effective as it minimizes the human demerits hence providing another perspective of achieving cadastral goals as emphasized by the UN cadastral vision for an improved socio economic development.

In the present study chemolithotrophs producing glycolic acid were isolated from unexplored low grade iron ore (magnetite quartzite) and Lignite mining sites mines of Kanjamalai hill and Neyveli respectively in India. A total of twenty nine soil and three rock samples were taken from different location and screened for sulfur and iron oxidizing chemolithotrophs. The soil samples were inoculated into medium containing ferrous sulphate at pH 2.0 and incubated for 3 days at 30?C. Thirty three isolates were screened to utilize ferrous sulphate. Among the thirty three isolates, thirteen isolates were Gram positive short rods and twenty were of pleomorphic forms. All the thirty three isolates were found to be spore-formers and non-motile. A rapid and simple spectrophotometric assay was done to screen the production of glycolic acid by these isolates. It was observed that all the thirty three isolates produced glycolic acid and a maximum of 0.11mg/mL was produced by KM13 isolate.

In present investigation shows the seasonal changes in RNA : DNA ratio in different tissues of Katelysia opima. The RNA and DNA ratio in the calm was found increased in adductor muscle, gonad and hepatopancreas than gill, mantle, siphon & foot at the time of gametogenesis in early monsoon. Similarly in that period the protein content was also increased in particular tissuses. In monsoon, the gametogenesis was triggered by temperature and the requirement of protein was increased, so the RNA content was also increased during that period and DNA was dependent on the increasing and decreasing content of RNA.

This study was carried out to determine the serum concentration of Creatine Kinase MB in obese subjects attending University of Port Harcourt teaching Hospital. One hundred and eighty five (185) obese subjects of BMI > 30 had their Creatine Kinase MB determined by enzyme linked with immunosorbent assay and compared with 160 age and sex matched controls. There was significant difference in the Creatine Kinase MB concentration of 2.76 ± 0.30 obtained in obese subjects compared with 2.91 ± 0.29 in control (P > 0.005). The result of this study suggests that serum levels of Creatine Kinase MB are lower in obese subjects.

This paper presents the design and implementation of sharpening of maximally flat cascaded integrator comb compensation filters. Cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) digital filters are computationally efficient implementations of low pass filters. No multiplication characteristic makes them popular in hardware devices. The modified sharpened cascaded integrator comb compensation filter is used to improve magnitude response and gain. For narrow and wide-band compensation second-order and fourth-order linear phase filters are considered. Power-of-two decimation factors of CIC filter is M and number of adders are depends upon decimation factor. Closed form equations for the computation of the filter coefficients are provided. The new technique delivers gain and stop band attenuation correction comparable to existing techniques.

Pre-emption, right of possession, and one of the two partners, the property is non-transferable, and pre-emption, the excesses and the pair is strengthened, and the evidence of that agreement, because of tradition and the public, and contrary to nature principle. Conditions, non-transferable, being capable of being divided, joint property, common to transfer shares to buy and sell, buy or sell a joint share transfer of common shares, the limited number of participants, not more than two persons, is due to be Muslim and be able to pay the price . For absent, ignorant, beggars, insane, kids, travelers and headed orphan, is fixed, and for being a neighbor to neighbor, is not constant, and also for those who are devoted to them, not as a pre-emptive . Qualities get it, be immediate, definite and certain to bring about the condition, and the purchase and sale ( the authority and dominance of the demise of the person signing ) flows, and how it is transmitted, is the inheritance, the heir to the size of each share would be before citing the preemption, the client do anything, could be due to demand, and is perfectly in sales, if before the violation, the customer is guaranteed and if a natural disaster, provided both are mediators, the catch and release it, and the difference in the price quote, the customer promises to share, and, in some cases, such as if the intermediary does not claim the power, and the transmission is not part through sales and property usurpation if preemption is void, and survivorship Eghaleh and terminate the transaction can not be canceled and the sales price is the same as the wedding date has been set.