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This article investigates social trust- trust in other citizens- and its determinants in two cities of Iran. For this purpose, a model based on institutional theory of Rothstein and Stolle (2008) and Putnam's social capital theory was designed and tested. Variables extracted from the first theory include: feeling social security, discrimination experience, attitude toward corruption and institutional trust. Variables extracted from the second theory are membership in formal groups, membership in informal groups, components of socioeconomic status (education, income and job rank), using mass media, age as well as city of residence. Through cluster sampling 1200 individuals were randomly selected to contribute to the study. The results clearly indicate that the institutional theory is stronger to explain social trust than social capital theory. That is to foster social trust in a society primarily it is necessary to control destructive factors so that nurturing factors of trust are effective.

Direct tabletting technique is the modern and the most efficient process used in tablet manufacturing which has been successfully used for various drugs. But the process strongly depends upon the quality of the crystals used. Spherical agglomeration, a novel crystallization technique that can transform directly the fine crystals produced in the crystallization or in the reaction process in to a spherical shape agglomerates, was developed by Yoshiaki Kawashima and coworkers in 1986. There are currently four methods to accomplish the conversion of drug particles into spherical agglomerates. Spherical agglomeration technique can transform directly the fine crystals, produced in the crystallization process into a spherical shape. Spherical agglomeration is a particle design technique, by which crystallization and agglomeration can be carried out simultaneously in one step. Spherical crystallization is a versatile process that enables to control the type and size of the crystals. Agglomerates exhibit improved secondary characteristics like flowability and compressibility. Drug release from these spherical crystals can be improved or can be controlled. This technique will be an invaluable technology in future, if it is scaled-up to manufacturing level. In this review we will discuss about the advantages, method and parameters which can be improved by spherical crystallization process. In addition current and future prospects of spherical crystallization are also discussed.

Stress may be considered as any physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes bodily or mental unrest and that may be a factor in causing disease. Physical and chemical factors that can cause stress include trauma, infections, toxins, illnesses, and injuries of any sort. Emotional causes of stress and tension are numerous and varied. While many people associate the term stress with psychological stress, scientists and physicians use this term to denote any force that impairs the stability and balance of bodily functions. Relaxation techniques are an essential part of stress management. If you're an overachiever, you may put relaxation low on your priority list. Don't shortchange yourself. There are active ways of achieving relaxation. Relaxation is invaluable for maintaining your health and well-being, and repairing the toll that stress takes on your mind and body. Almost everyone can benefit from learning relaxation techniques. Relaxation techniques help to slow your breathing and to focus your attention on the here and now. The concept of enjoying the moment we are living in, rather than being worried about what could happen in the future. Common relaxation techniques include meditation, mindfulness, tai chi and yoga. For a more active approach, walking outdoors or participating in a sporting sports activity can be relaxing

The main benefit of the recycling is a double decrease of the environment loading, known as an environmental impact reducing. From the first view point, the natural resources conserves at side of the manufacturing process inputs, from the second view point, the harmful compounds amount leaking to the environment decreases at side of the manufacturing process outputs. The paper production from the recycled fibers consumes less energy; conserves the natural resources viz. wood and decreases the environmental pollution.

The aim of this present work is to investigate the sorption potential of a modified and unmodified fly ash as a law-cost adsorbent material for the removal of phenyl from aqueous medium. In this regard fly ash is a very attractive option, because it is cheap, widely available and has good mechanical stability for handing purposes and employment in adsorption columns. The effect of various factors such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, PH, temperature and initial adsorbent. A concentration on the sorption process was investigated under batch equilibrium technique using UV/Vis Spectrometry. The result obtained showed that the capacity of fly ash for adsorption of Phenyl depends on the initial PH and concentration of solutions.

Death is an inevitable phenomenon that we should accept it as a part of our life. Because everybody will die and we cannot disregard it in our life. One of the most difficult events that may occur for every child or teenager is that one of his/her relatives be died. In order to therapy the consequences of death, it is necessary to acquire different information about its therapy methods such as cognitive-behavioral therapy. This is why that the present study was aimed to examine the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy methods on decreasing symptoms of depression among students with abnormal grief. The research methodology of this study is a pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of this study includes the students with grief that experienced one of their relatives’ deaths and had symptoms of abnormal depression based on the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IR-IV). The sample members have been selected randomly and then were appointed to experimental and control groups randomly. In order to collect the research data, the questionnaire of child and teenagers’ depression has been used. In order to analyze the data and test the research hypotheses, Covariance analysis has been used in the SPSS. The results revealed that there is a significant difference between control and experimental groups’ depression after intervention (p?0.001). Therefore, it can be concluded that the cognitive-behavioral therapy has a significant effect on decreasing symptoms of depression among students with abnormal grief.

The aim of this research is to identify the components of knowledge management and their relationship with the organizational entrepreneurship in Labor and social affairs department of Qom province. In order to evaluate the components of “knowledge management” with respect to previous researches, 41 questions related to the knowledge management cycle based on Jashapara’s theory were used. In order to evaluate the components of “organizational entrepreneurship”, 31 questions used by Shokri were implemented. The research method used is quantitative and is of correlation type and is done by the survey method. A survey tool having appropriate validity and reliability was used for gathering the research data related to variables of knowledge management and organizational entrepreneurship. After determining the sample size using Cochran equation, a simple random sampling method was used in order to access the members of sample. The correlation test was implemented to test the research hypothesese. The results showed positive correlation between the knowledge management and the organizational entrepreneurship.

Image information mining (IIM) approaches produce enormous amounts of features that are computationally expensive and in- efficient to process before the actual information discovery takes place[1]. Also, it is complicated because the combination of the features has little relevance to the hypothesis space. Hence, selecting a relevant subset of features is necessary to overcome these problems and to provide an efficient representation of the target class. In this paper, we propose survey onfeature selection and feature transformations.

Benzimidazoles and their derivatives play very important role in the medical field with useful therapeutic activities like antiviral, anti-histaminic, anticancer, antiulcer, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, antifungal, and antimicrobial activity. The most prominent benzimidazole compound in nature is N-riosyldimethylbenzimidazole, which serves as an axial ligand for cobalt in vitamin B12. The potency of these useful derivatives in treatment of microbial infections encouraged the development of some more potent and pharmacologically efficient compounds. This review summarizes the synthesis of different derivatives of benzimidazole and their biological activities.

Chalcone derivatives were synthesized by reaction of some benzaldehyde derivatives with acetophenone , then the products obtained were allowed to react with urea, thiourea and hydroxylamine, to give the heterocyclic derivatives of oxazine, thiazine and isoxazole respectively. The final products have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR and proton NMR spectra. These compounds were also screened for their antibacterial activities.