Archives-  

In this article, we proposed an SEIVR mathematical model of the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases among infants taking into consideration passive immunization, treatment of the exposed infants at latent period and the infectious diseases treatment. The basic reproductive number of the mathematical model was obtained using the next generation matrix method. It is generally known that if the number is less than one, the infectious disease will die out with time and if it is greater than one, the disease will spread and become endemic in the community. The epidemiological interpretation of this threshold parameter (basic reproductive number) is connected to the local and global stability of a disease – free equilibrium.

In the present study the level of S, Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb and Cr was estimated in samples of the common thalloid liverwort Riccia aravalliensis Pande et Udar, from Ranthambhore National park, Rajasthan (India). High metallic load was observed both in substrate as well as in plant tissue at locations adjacent to higher vehicular load, during winter the metallic content is highest, followed by summer and monsoon season. Elemental concentration in substrate for R. aravalliensis was in the order of Zn> S> Pb> Cu> Cd> Cr, while in plant tissue it showed S> Zn> Pb> Cu> Cd> Cr which is indicative of air borne trace elemental load. Quantitative analysis of these elements in vegetative thalli of R. aravalliensis and the substrate showed an increase in metallic content during winter, which reveals the significance of this liverwort as a biological sink of mineral elements present in the soil and air and may provide an important tool in estimation of both aerial pollution and mineral enrichment in soil.

At different stages of their development, we studied the bioaccumulation of lead and cadmium residues in fish species Tilapia guineensis, Sarotherodon melanotheron, Hemichromis fasciatus in Nokoué lake and Dicentrarchus labrax, Selene dorsalus and shrimp in Cotonou Channel. The methodology adopted was to identify the species and collect the muscles in these different species of fish and shrimp at different stages of their life's development. Fishery products in situ and water samples taken are sent to the laboratory in coolers maintained at 4 ± 5 ° C for the quantitative analysis of lead and cadmium residues by spectrophotometry. The results of the analysis show that lead residues are more accumulated in younger species than in adults in Sarotherodon melanotheron and Hemichromis fasciatus, unlike Tilapia guineensis. On the other hand, cadmium is weakly present in water and in aquatic fauna and some traces of cadmium residues are found in the Cotonou Channel, notably at the height of Dantokpa market. The water-based lead bioconcentration factors are significantly greater than the unit showing the predominance of particulate lead exposures of sedimentary origin. The lifestyle of the fish species would be the main factor explaining these results.

Mithi River is one of the polluted rivers in Mumbai. It is most vulnerable to pollution from discharge of sewage through municipal outlets as well as improper outlet channels connected through slums and further by industrial effluent discharges containing heavy metals. Isolation and narrowing down of copper resistant bacteria were carried out from samples collected from different locations on the river. It was screened for resistance at different concentrations of Copper, i.e. 50ppm, 100ppm, 500 ppm and 1000ppm. The resistant bacteria revealed that it belonged to the staphylococcus genus. Bioremediation studies were carried for a period of 120 hours in the medium. The decrease in metal was analysed at 24 hours and 120 hours. The approximate removal capacity of copper in the medium was observed to be 32% and 84% respectively.

In this age of technology, smartphones play a vital role in almost all fields of social life to make it easy going a convenience. Day by day, the users of smartphones are increasing. There is no conditional boundation for using the smart phone. People, who own these devices tend to use them at their maximum as these devices such as mobile phones, are very convenient to use anytime, anywhere. Single application can use multi-platform means convenient for everyone. This paper tries to convey information about the current and earlier news events for the frequent users of Hadas-Eritrea and Eritrean profile, the end-users can be able to interact with more graphical features of this multi-platform mobile application. In this paper, we have proved Broadcasting Mobile Multi-Platform Hadas – Eritrea and Eritrean profile (BHMMP) with different platforms such as Windows7 OS, Android, iOS, and Windows Phone using PhoneGap/Apache Cordova framework.

Network approach for policy-making emphasizes on dependence of government, organizations, groups and people who are in policy-making domain. This essay wants to explain the concept of networks and policy networks and analyzes the effect of chaos theory and its complexity and role in policy networks, too. The chaos theory learns us; organizations which are in border of order and chaos, are more successful. Organizations will be destroyed when they have a lot of order and don't have any flexibility. Organizations which are in the border of order and chaos can increase their flexibility by making changes in work's methods and using of different work's shapes and this flexibility lets them for compatibility with environmental changes. Finally, this essay will consider three kinds of future orientations in policy networks which consist of; rational choice, analysis of network and case study.

SLAP lesions remain a rare entity of the painful pathology of the shoulder under the labrobicipital complex, of difficult diagnosis given the atypical clinical symptomatology often vague with tests of different reliability although directing towards a strong positive presumption. The advent of imaging by injection of contrast product (arthro scanner and especially arthro MRI) has allowed a better understanding of this type of lesion but there are still variants of this complex which are radiologically limited between what is normal or pathological. Arthroscopy has allowed an unequalled precision of diagnosis with the possibility of adequate therapeutic management and very satisfactory results. Through this clinical case of a young patient with a chronically painful shoulder, we draw attention to this type of pathology, which is rare but not negligible.

As the demand increases for day-day applications, rapid transfer of high amount of data over high speed networks must be required also Bandwidth must be high enough for these applications. Congestion Control is an important subject relevant to these applications to maintain stability for any kind of network. In this paper, review on various congestion control mechanisms and their performance measurement parameters are to be compare with each other. Active Queue Management is one of the method to get control over congestion by dropping packets from buffer queue as an indication to other end node to slow down transfer of packets.

The implementation of free education in Democratic Republic of Congo is accompanied by an increase in the number of pupils in the classrooms, but a large number of teachers who are not mechanized or even not paid by the public authorities. This article deals with Internal Efficiency of Primary Schools in Kasuku Commune before and during free Basic education from 2018 to 2020.

Industrialization is a path taken by many developing countries to increase national welfare; Industrialization process is various between countries inherently depending on policy options applied by respective government. As industrialization proceeds, the natural resources diminishes and labor wage increases, while at the same time lately industrializing countries emerge, new approaches are required to reshape the competitiveness of Indian industries Economic, and industrial clusters have become in the last years the object of a new economic theory that has proved important for regional and even national (porter, 1990) development. This paper outlines a methodology, characteristics that are derived from the special features of Safety Match industry (SMI) clusters. The paper described the process that is behind the creation, the continuous development and the success of the Safety Match industry clusters and aims to emphasize those particular features which define and Match industry clusters and separate it from another type of industrial cluster.