Physiology and Anatomy

Gastric MALT lymphoma is a low grade neoplasia of slow evolution with a very low metastatic potential. It is strongly associated with Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. The clinical presentation is poorly specific and its endoscopic aspects are varied, hence the advantage of carrying out systematic per endoscopic biopsies. The endoscopic ultrasound allows to accurately assess the infiltration of lymphoma in the gastric wall. HP eradication is paramount in the management of this type of gastric lymphoma. We studied the endoscopic aspects of gastric MALT lymphomas through a series of 25 cases.

Fournier's gangrene is a rare, fulminant, usually a localized disease of the external genitalia, anorectal and perineal region, with an occasional extension up to the abdominal wall. Mainly associated with men and those over the age of 50, Fournier’s gangrene has been shown to have a predilection for patients with diabetes as well as people who are long-term alcohol misusers. The usual organism is an anaerobic streptococcus synergistic with other organisms. Although considerable progress has been made in the treatment of this disease, it remains a serious and debilitating condition with a high mortality rate. Early therapy is the key, including hospitalization, debridement of the entire shaft of the penis distal to the devastated area, without excising the normal skin, parenteral broad-spectrum antibiotics, and skin grafting. We here-in present two clinical cases of Fournier’s gangrene of the external genitalia. Our case was unusual in that only the penis was involved, which is very rare.

Deep pelvic endometriosis is a complex female pathology, of which it is necessary to understand the mechanisms in order to optimize their management. It is characterized by 3 types of lesion among which the deep lesions. These are defined by infiltration of the retroperitoneal space and / or pelvic organ wall [1]. Bladder lesions belong to this last category.Endometriosis can cause abdominopelvic pain and inconstant functional signs, the nature of which is often related to the localization of lesions [2].To optimize and progress in the care of patients, it is absolutely necessary to attempt to understand the physiopathogenic hypotheses aimed at explaining the birth and development of the disease.The first part of the assessment is based on the interrogation which must be targeted and on a thorough clinical examination.Then comes the prescription of complimentary exams, essential to exhaustive assessment of the lesions before developing a therapeutic strategy. The medical treatment has a suspensive purpose by an anti-gonadotropic effect. It is of little use in isolated bladder endometriosis. In case of failure of medical treatment, the surgical management of symptomatic deep endometriosis remains the reference treatment.

Deficiency of the lungs results from malfunction of the breathing bud to develop. Agenesis of one lung is more regular than bilateral agenesis, however both conditions are unusual. Unilateral pulmonary agenesis is compatible with life. The heart and other mediastinal edifices are shifted to the implicated side, and the present lung is stretched out. Lung agenesis is an uncommon but a severe condition which ought to be early diagnosed and followed up. Prognosis, apart from abnormal formation, is that of a single functional lung. Diagnosing a developmental abnormality of the lungs in adults is often challenging for clinicians.

Pleural effusion is an abnormal collection of fluid in the pleural cavity. This study was designed to evaluate the clinical and etiological profile of patients with pleural effusion. A total of 138 cases (January 2016 to April 2019), the average age was 52 years, men predominated as women. The majority of the effusions are exudative and right-sided. About the etiologies are dominated by malignancy causes (32%) secondly the tuberculosis (31%) and cardiac etiologies (13%) with no apparent cause (9%). Despite the predominance of neoplastic etiologies in our series, tuberculosis remains the common etiology of pleural effusion whose evolution is favourable

The aim of the current study was to evaluate antimutagenic activity of ethanolic extract of Annona squamosa leaf which is belonging to the family Annonaceae. Its in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of the extracts has already been reported. On the basis of that we have decided to evaluate its antimutagenic activity in vivo in mice using bone marrow chromosomal aberration assay, micronucleus test and sperm abnormality assay. In chromosomal aberration assay, ethanolic extract of Annona squamosa (500mg/kg) had shown significant reduction in percentage of cells with aberration. In Micronucleus test, ethanolic extract of Annona squamosa (500mg/kg) showed significant reduction in total no. of micronucleus in polychromatic erythrocytes. In sperm abnormality assay, ethanolic extract of Annona squamosa (250 and 500mg/kg) had shown significant reduction in total no. of sperm shape abnormality. In conclusion, these results suggest that ethanolic extract of Annona squamosa leaves possessing significant antimutagenic property.

Solid pseudo papillary neoplasm of the pancreas (SPNs) is a rare entity, known for its indolence. The pathogenesis of these tumors still controversial. Classic imaging characteristics include a large size, mixed density with solid and cystic components, encapsulation and hemorrhage. SPNs can show several criteria of malignancy such as local invasion, metastases and recurrence. Radical surgery is usually curative. We present a case of a Frantz Tumor in a 15-year-old female, with typical imaging features.

The epidemiological approach to glomerular diseases remains less developed in our country. The aim of our study is to identify the frequency of glomerular nephropathies in our context; and to describe their different demographic, clinical, biological characteristics, as well as their etiological and evolutive profile. We have led a retrospective study at the department of nephrology, University Hospital Med VI, between 2014 and September 2017. We collected 93 patients, including 51 men .The average age at the diagnosis was of 34,8 ± 14,8 years old. The clinical presentation was dominated by the nephrotic syndrome (60.21%), hematuria (26/88%), and hypertention (22.58%).Glomerular nephritis were primitive in 70.96 % of the cases, the minimal change disease, segmental and focal glomerulosclerosis and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis represented the most common histological types with 18,18%, 42,4% and 24,04% of the cases , their etiologies were dominated by lupus nephropathy, 78,3% of our patients received a symptomatic treatment . The use of corticosteroids in primitive glomerular nephropathy has been proposed in only 53.7 % of the cases, and associates with immune suppressives in 17.9% of cases.

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma is an undifferentiated carcinoma with histological features similar to undifferentiated, non-keratinizing carcinoma of the nasopharynx. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the urinary bladder is uncommon with a reported incidence of 0.4%- 1.3% of all bladder cancer. We report a case of a 68 year-old-man with a muscle-invasive lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the bladder who was treated with radical cystectomy with 12 months follow up.

The obesity, factor of morbidity and mortality, is considered as a real health public problem. In gynecology, its consequences on the fertility and the contraception are severe and the obesity is at the origin of important obstetric complications that must make consider these pregnancies as at risk. Our practices have to take into account these complications by assuring an adapted and premature care to improve the maternal and neonatal outcomes.