Psychology

Psychology of Religion or the psychology of religion Branches of scientific research is The study deals with religion. In this paper, known to psychologists Nylsyn according to theory, Experts are also in the psychology of religion, Are mentioned. They are: William James, Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler, Carl Jung, Gordon Allport, Erik Erickson and Abraham Maslow, The three categories of theories related to religious attitudes, we Under the titles of the functional theory, and the dimensions are a = growth. The functional theory The effects of psychological functions of religion in life and social - It has been noted To formulate theories Brook, Pargamnt, Patrick, Ellison, Valryt and Larry is pointing. Dimensional theories Attitude to different dimensions and Religious orientation discussed And in this case and Rkayl Bythalahmy theories, Ganzyvrt, Nyjzak blind, won Hvgl and Glak Are examined. In theory the stage - growth The growth process, thinking and attitude to religion is In this category, theories of Piaget, Goldman, Harman, Alkynd, Fuller Vasr we examined. Finally, conclusions are the positive effects of religion in life And according to different dimensions And development of religious thought, including aspects of joint Most theoretical approaches to the religious attitude. Researchers in the field of psychology of religion Scales for different people to religion In the religious orientation And reaching the stages of religious thought, Conclusion This article is from the other.

There is a great number of attributes behind the verbal communication that make it proper, appropriate, sensible, necessary, formal, presentable and endurable. This paper presents the aspects that regulate the mind of a communicator and influence the efficiency level of the communication. It also studies the condition of the students with a clear relevance to the objectives of the language teaching programmes and the innate cognition characteristically developed in the art of verbal communication. In this way it will be assisting the language teacher to emulate an effective supplementation that would be appropriate for the same.

The purpose of this study was to investigate teachers’ perceptions about employing GeoGebra in the teaching and learning of mathematics. The study comprises four respondents who are currently enrolled in a mathematics education course at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The findings indicate a similar opinion among the respondents according to their experience, with regard to GeoGebra. All respondents agree that the software employs straightforward and comprehensible instructions in addition to offering accurate and simple information. They also agree that the software is user friendly. The respondents on the whole have positive opinions regarding the idea of employing GeoGebra in the teaching of mathematics.

Lack of social and emotional skills is perhaps the most undermining problem that students with hearing impairments confront; by taking that into consideration, the goal of the present study is to appraise the effectiveness of Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) on the emotions management of students with hearing loss studying in normal schools. This study is based on an experimental method and a pre-test and post-test design has been applied to the control group. To that end, 30 male and female hearing-impaired students from junior and senior high schools covered by Tehran’s Department of Exceptional Children Education were handpicked through multistage sampling and those who met the research criteria were randomly placed in two control and experimental groups and after a pretest, the social-emotional learning program was taught to the experimental group in 12 sessions. To measure the emotions management, Schutte Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire was used. The findings of the present research display a significant difference (p< 0/0001) between the control and experimental groups with regard to emotions management. The conclusion can be drawn that the Social-Emotional Learning program is efficient in the emotions management of students with hearing impairments in regular schools.

The present study aimed to determine the influence of the compassionate mind based cognitive therapy on negative emotions and ruminations of women with depression who were referred to the treatment centers. Current study is an experimental pre-post test design with control group. The study population included all depressed women in Ardebil during 2011. Subjects consisted 34 depressed women which were selected by convinced method and divided randomly in two experimental and control groups. To collect data,we used Beck depression, self consciousness emotions scale , rumination scale and self compassionate scale. Compassionate mind based cognitive therapy was used as the intervention.The data was analyzed by multiple analyses of variance method (MANOVA). The results of analysis variance showed compassionate mind based cognitive therapy would significantly decreased shame, guilt, mind ruminations and depression signs in depressed women. By paying attention to the result of the present research, the implication of compassionate mind based cognitive therapy is recommended.

Purpose: the purpose of this study was Study of effectiveness social skills training on addiction potential reduction in boy’s student of Ahvaz high school. Method: The sample consists of All high school boy’s students in Ahvaz who had scored one standard deviation above the mean in the zargari addiction potential questionnaire and among them 40 students were selected randomly then assigned to two groups randomly (Experimental group and Control group). 8 sessions therapy were implemented for experimental group. In these sessions, social skills, such as assertiveness skills, anger control, and how to communicate with others in the experimental group were instructed but the control group received no intervention. Evaluation device was zargari addiction potential questionnaire.

Narrative Exposure Therapy’s application was discovered by a research on African refugee’s settlement. NET was noted to help people who have been traumatized confront their painful memories and feelings than Supportive Counseling and Psycho education. Narrative Exposure Therapy uses techniques that aim at reducing the level of distress with memories of the event and quelling the resultant physiological reactions through narration and exposure. NET has also been noted to be better than other types of psychotherapy and psychosocial interventions in post conflict settings. Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET) a short-term treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder can be applied in low and middle income, in post conflict settings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of NET in reducing symptoms of PTSD and depression among bereaved adolescents in selected children’s homes. The study took place in 8 children’s homes in Kajiado County, Kenya. The sample size was 154 bereaved adolesdents aged 12-18 years. All the respondents provided informed consent. Respondents were administered a socio demographic questionaire which captured the age, gender, level of education, and respondents status of significant others. University of California Loss Angeles (UCLA) Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index was used to identify the types of traumatic events that bereaved adolescents had experienced. NET was found effective in reducing symptoms of PTSD as seen in reduced mean scores from base-line 3.1923 ± (SD: .55963)) to mid-line 2.2308 ± (SD: .50768) and from mid-line to end-line 1.4359 ± (SD: .49908). The reduction was statistically significant at p=0.0001. NET was effective in reducing symptoms of depression as seen in reduced mean scores of the experimental group at base-line (3.04), mid-line (2.39) and end-line (1.23) seen in p=0.0001 compared to the control group. This study confirmed that NET as an effective treatment of PTSD among bereaved adolescents and it is therefore recommended that mental health workers should apply NET in adolescents specifically bereaved and presenting with PTSD symptoms.

Aging is a natural and continuous irreversible changing process. In this generalized progressive impairment of function occurs which result in loss of adaptive response to stress. Elders aged 85 and older are more vulnerable to stress and depression than other age groups. Laughter yoga is indeed the best medicine to be prescribed for the seniors to keep them in good cheer. Pre Experimental study design was used for this study. By using convenience sampling method 50 elderly clients for an old age home in Panipat was selected for the study. The data was collected by using Perceived Stress Scale (Sheldon Cohen, 1983). Data analysis was done by means of descriptive and inferential statistics. During Pre – Test Majority of the Samples 36 (72.00%) were having low level stress. Samples with Medium Stress were 14 (28.00%) None of the sample was with high stress. In Post – Test Samples with Low stress was 43 (86.00%). Samples with Medium Stress were 6 (12.00%). Only one sample was relatively free of stress. None of the sample has High Stress. Laughter yoga therapy was effective in relieving stress,‘t’ test value was 2.962 and the “P” Value was 0.0047. None of the demographic variables was associated with stress. Laughter Yoga therapy helps in reducing stress in elderly clients and generate positive attitude and doing this together in a group also helps to boost self – esteem and overcome feelings of insecurity.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of assertiveness and anger control training on life satisfaction of high school girl students in Bandar Abbas. The study sample consisted of high school girl students in Bandar Abbas schools in the 89-90 school years. Firstly, 235 students were randomly selected in a school, secondly all the students responded to the life satisfaction test with the validity of 0.87. 45 students whose life satisfaction score was one standard deviation below the average (9 or less than 9) were randomly selected and then randomly assigned to the experimental groups 1 and 2 and the control group. Experimental groups received the assertiveness and anger control training for 10 sessions of 90 minutes during 2.5 months and the control group did not receive any training in this period. After training, all three groups responded to life satisfaction test and the results were analyzed by one-way analysis of covariance using spss software. The results showed that assertiveness skills training were effective on students' life satisfaction. Anger control training was effective on students' life satisfaction. There were not a significant difference between two methods of assertiveness and anger control training in terms of effectiveness on life satisfaction of students.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of transformational leadership by head teachers in Sotik Sub County and its relationship to teacher job satisfaction. This study was conceived after the realization that there had been increased cases of teacher attrition (transfers and resignation) in the past three years. For example, teachers’ transfers had been increasing by 5.2 percent annually while teachers resigning from their jobs had been on a steady increase. The objectives of the study were to establish the extent to which head teachers apply intellectual stimulation approaches and individualized consideration, on teachers’ job satisfaction in Sotik Sub County primary schools. The theoretical framework for this study was based on transformational leadership theory developed by Burns (1978) and elaborated by Bass (1985). The study adopted an ex post facto and descriptive survey research designs. The study was conducted in Sotik Sub County, Sotik County. The target population for the study comprised of 52 head teachers and 667 teachers employed by TSC. The sample size studied comprised of 16 head teachers who were purposively selected and 200 teachers who were selected using stratified and simple random sampling methods. The study collected data using revised MLQ and MSQ questionnaires by Bass and Avolio (1997). The research instruments were tested for validity and reliability prior to being used in the field. The data collected from the field was analyzed using mixed method approaches. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 20) aided in data entry, coding and analysis of quantitative data from questionnaires. In presenting analysed quantitative data, descriptive statistics indicating frequency, percentages, means, and standard deviations were executed to analyze the data quantitatively while inferential statistics: multiple regression analysis and T-test correlation were used to check on the relationship between various transformational leadership strategies and teachers job satisfaction. For qualitative data, themes and sub-themes were used to classify data from interviews. Tables, graphs and pie charts were used for presentation of the analyzed data. The results of the study showed that 58.3% of teachers’ job satisfaction was explained by transformational leadership style exhibited by head teachers in public primary schools in Sotik Sub County. Correlation results on the independent variables showed that there was significant correlation (p<0.01) between; individualised consideration (r=0.613), and intellectual stimulation (r=0.735) and job satisfaction of teachers. The study recommends that head teachers should be role models, they need to be ensuring effective communication between them and teachers, they need to provide and articulate clear vision to teachers and support continuous professional development programmes for teachers in their schools. The study is significant to head teachers, teachers, school board of management, and Ministry of Education and future researchers.