Social Sciences

Dalit movement for social justice is not new; this kind of movements began in South India at least, approximately 100 years before that is in North India. This was comparatively late movement but became historical in its nature because, South India’s movement was against dominant of Brahmins, while they were less in population, but in North India it was against a group of dominants as Brahmins, Chhaktriya, Kayasth and Vaisya etc more number than south India. While this established a Historical achievement as a Dalit lady, Mayawati become the first and fourth times chief minister of Uttar Pradesh in India through Dalit movements. The core agenda of these movements was uplifting of Dalit and social justice but after around decay BSP leadership created a new formula to occupy the political power and she named him “Social engineering”. Actually this social engineering was a tactical and conspicuous move adopted by the BSP. This is a very natural question which raised by intellectuals of both sides whether Dalit or Brahmins, because the emergence of Dalit movement was basically established in beginning against Manuvadi (A system in which Dalit is marginalized in all the area of life) and Brahman supremacy. I tried to understand why BSP, which was anti Brahmans from beginning, diverted their approach and agenda. It is pertinent to share that in Uttar Pradesh, BSP missed a golden opportunity to polarize to OBC, a big chunk of population in own political fold.

Language and culture are intricately interwoven and inseparable. This paper tries to express that languages have significant effects on cultures and languages also are under impact of cultures. To express this mutual relationship, sociological and anthropological views in this relation are provided in this paper. It surveys the importance of culture in linguistic communication and in foreign language learning and explains about key concepts in language use and cultural knowledge.

This paper investigates the role of good governance in the development of rural areas and in arresting social insecurity. It assesses the general characteristic of good governance in the world especially as it relates to rural areas of Nigeria. It examines the causes of social insecurity and advocates that the various actors at the rural areas must contribute to good governance if social security must be achieved. It opines that in a situation of crisis, hunger and want, social security challenges exist. Insecurity of life, war, famine can lead to displacement and the extinction of a civilization. The paper concludes by examining how social security can be achieved and the link between social security and the continuity of culture.

The concepts of cultural investment and lifestyle are subjected to one of the most common attitude in the recent decades. The cultural investment is the collection of the knowledge and advantages which individuals apply and preserve it to reach to their social situation; and also, the lifestyle is subjected to the collection of approaches, values and behavior patterns; in most cases, the elements of a life are gathered along together forming numbers of people; thus, the lifestyle can be defined as the social classes and groups which people follow these behavior, beliefs, norms and social values and patterns emerging particular establishment of cultural/ educational symbols possessed to themselves as their social class. The main purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of cultural investment on the lifestyle; the study is carried out as a scale-based approach. The required data were selected and gathered by a questionnaire from a 260 people sample of secondary school students in Markazi province; in addition, the study was taken up as a multi-step cluster sample. In the study, the theories of Anthony Giddens and Bourdieu were used to assess and measure the cultural investment and lifestyle. According to the indices like body management and consumptive norms forming lifestyle and going to movie, listening to the music, reading a book, going to the concert, visiting museum and photo gallery forming the cultural investment. Due to the main aim of the present study, the evaluation of cultural investment and lifestyle were strongly emphasized and the finding indicated that there is a positive significant relationship between respondents cultural investment with each dimensions of their lifestyle.