Applied Chemistry

A number of 5-Phenyl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]-quinazolin-6-ones(3), 3-(2,4-dichlorophenoxymethyl)-1,2,4-triazolo-[4,3-a]-quinazolin-6-ones(4) and 5-phenyl-3-mercapto - 1,2,4-triazolo-[4,3-a] -quinazolin-6-ones (5). These title compounds have been prepared by reaction of 2-hydrazino-3-phenyl-4-quinazolone (2) with formic acid, methoxy phenyl acetic acids and carbon disulphide respectively. These compounds have been evaluated for their fungicidal activity against Pyricularia oryzae, Pseudopernospora cubensis, Sphaeotheca fuliginea and Phytopthora infestans at 500 and 100 ppm.

100 g of dried leaves of Mentha spicata produced 1.1% of volatile oil by hydro distillation method. GC-MS, method used to identified the chemical compound of the volatile oil, it contained eighteen compounds, ten of them constituted as the major compounds, carvone (58.3%), cis-carveol 14.99%), limonene (8.5%), carvyl acetate (3.10%), ?-pinene (1.22%), ß –Pinene (2.11%), Menthone (1.08%), Menthol (1.01%), ß- bourbonene (1.98) and trans-Caryophyllene (1.75). The spearmint volatile oil more actively against gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aurous and Bacillus cereus) than gram negative bacteria,( Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium). The activity of antibiotic Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin, Tetracycline Ceftriaxone, and Gentamycin against bacteria found differences inhibition zoon. Among all antibiotic. ciprofloxacin have more activity against bacteria while Ceftriaxone have the lower activity.

Fe2O3Ti and Fe2O3Mg nano particles were prepared by self-propagation method using PEG as capping agent. Nano particle was characterized by XRD (X-ray Diffraction), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), and VSM (Vibrating Sample Magneto Meter).Conform the structural, textural and magnetic property. Surface morphology changed cubic to needles shape and size where in between 25-70 nm confirmed by SEM analysis, XRD analysis shows that doping reveals the cubic with hexagonal edge structure. VSM shows the magnetic behavior of the sample.

In the current study, thermoplasmonic characteristics of Moscovium nanoparticles with spherical, core–shell and rod shapes are investigated. In order to investigate these characteristics, interaction of synchrotron radiation emission as a function of the beam energy and Moscovium nanoparticles were simulated using 3D finite element method. Firstly, absorption and extinction cross sections were calculated. Then, increases in temperature due to synchrotron radiation emission as a function of the beam energy absorption were calculated in Moscovium nanoparticles by solving heat equation. The obtained results show that Moscovium nanorods are more appropriate option for using in optothermal human cancer cells, tissues and tumors treatment method.

It is very essential and important to test water before it is used for drinking, domestic, agricultural or industrial purpose. Water must be tested for different physico-chemical parameters. Selection of parameters for testing of water quality solely depends on the purpose for which the water is to be used and the extent of its quality and purity needed. Some physical tests should be performed for testing of its physical appearance such as temperature, color, odour, pH, turbidity and conductivity while chemical tests should be performed for its alkalinity, hardness and residual chlorine. The study was conducted to assess the physicochemical quality of water produced at the Kwanyako Water Treatment Plant in the Central Region of Ghana. Triplicate water samples were collected in sterile 500ml polypropylene bottles, from Raw, Settled, Filtered and Final water and examined for the physico-chemical parameters mentioned above, using the World Health Organzation (WHO) approved methods of analysis. The study was carried out for a period of 6 months (September, 2013 to February 2014). The values recorded for all the physico-chemical parameters were within the WHO acceptable limit except for the color and turbidity of the Raw water. This implied that, the water produced at the Treatment plant is efficiently treated with regards to the physicochemical parameters.

1-amino-6-(furan-2-yl)-4-methylpyrimidine-2(1H)-thione (1) on reaction with acyl chloride (a-c) yieldsN-(6-(furan-2-yl)-4-methyl-2-thioxopyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)alkyl amide (2).The fusion of compound (2) with hydrazine hydrate yields 3-alkylethyl-6-(furan-2-yl)-8-methyl-9aH-pyrimido[1,2-b][1,2,4,5]tetrazine(3a-c). The structures of all the compounds series (2a-c) and (3a-c) were characterized analytically. The compounds were also monitored for anti microbial activity.

The corrosion behavior of stainless steel (SS) type 304 in 1 M HCl and at different temperatures (25 oC - 55 oC) in presence of different concentrations of heterocyclic organic compounds was studied using chemical (weight loss) and electrochemical (potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) techniques. The polarization curves reveal that these investigated compounds act as mixed type inhibitors. Adsorption of these inhibitors on SS surface was found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Results show that the rate of corrosion of SS increased with increasing temperature over the range (25 oC - 55 oC) both in the presence and the inhibitors and in their absence and decreases with increasing inhibitor concentration. This indicates that these compounds were assumed to occur via physical adsorption on the steel surface. Activation energies in the presence and absence of these investigated compounds were obtained by measuring the temperature dependence of the corrosion current. The reactivity of these compounds was analyzed through theoretical calculations based on semiempirical theory to explain the different efficiency of these compounds as corrosion inhibitors.

Soluble and conducting block copolymer (PANI-PEO) nanocomposite was prepared by oxidative polymerization of aniline in non acid media and in different weight percentages in the presence of ecologic catalyst layered called (Maghnite-H+) and reactive polymer stabilizer such as poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO2000, Mn = 2000).The morphology, structure, solubility and electrical properties of PANI-PEO copolymer nanocomposite was characterized by FTIR,Uv-vis,1H-NMR spectroscopy, dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).It was found that structue, solubility an conductivity of resulting PANI-PEO nanocomposite depended on the amount of catalyst, molecular weight and functionality of the reactive stabilizer (PEO) and molar ratio of monomers (PANI-PEO). The formation of the hydrogen bonding between PANI and PEO copolymer was predicted by the FT-IR spectra. DSC analysis showed only one (Tg=16°C) for the blend copolymer implying compatibility of the two components

Isomeric Nickel (II) complexes of toluic acid hydrazide-hydrazone, HL have been synthesized through one pot synthesis. The ligand, HL and the complexes were characterized with FTIR, Uv-Vis, NMR and Mass Spectroscopies, Melting point, solubility, metal conductance, percentage metal and elemental analyses and magnetic susceptibility. The solubility test revealed that the compounds were generally soluble in DMSO hence the molar conductance of the complexes in DMSO showed that the complexes are electrolytic in nature. The mass spectroscopy, percentage metal and elemental analyses conformed with the formulated masses, while the compounds were stable at room temperature. The FTIR spectra of the ligand proved it to be bidentate and the ligand, HL coordinated to the Ni(II) ions through while the electronic spectra peaks showed that Ni(II) complex isomer I and Ni(II) complex isomer II assumed tetrahedral and square planar geometries respectively. The NMR spectra of Ni(II) complex isomer I gave broad bands due to paramagnetism while Ni(II) complex isomer II revealed the relevant peaks. The antibacterial activities of the compounds showed the complexes are more active against the ligand, with Ni(II) complex isomer 1 showing greater activity against k.pneumoniea.

In this study, physicochemical properties of Gilgel Gibe-I hydroelectric Dam water were investigated. Water samples were collected three times per day, from six sampling sites of the Dam. Physicochemical parameters including pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC), Temperature and Turbidity were determined in situ, whereas, other parameters such as alkalinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), total suspended solid (TSS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), phosphate, nitrate, chloride, fluoride and heavy metals like Fe, Cu, Zn, Co and Cd were analyzed by FAAS in the laboratory. The finding of the study revealed that some physicochemical properties such as pH, EC, turbidity and nitrate of the studied water samples were exceeding WHO permissible limit for surface water and only Fe were investigated in the sample and within permissible limit domestic purposes. But, the remaining studied parameters are below the permissible range prescribed in WHO guideline for the surface water.