Archives-December 2017

Earthquake is one of the frequent non-human natural disasters that would expose an individuals to the risk of potentially traumatic events. Traumatic events like earthquake leads the survivors to different resilent responses, short-term and long-term clinical and sub-clinical symptoms or consequences that fall outside of diagnostic criteria. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) represents one of the most frequently occuirng psychiatric sequelae to earthquake exposure. Research evidences suggest variation in the prevalence and factors effecting PTSD including age, sex, exposure to other traumatic situations and so on. The present study aims at exploring the prevalence of PTSD and its influencing factors. 169 school teachers of 19 different government schools of Kavre district who experienced the earthquake of April 25th 2015 (Richter Magnitude 7.8) were assessed by using The PTSD checklist (PCL: weathers, litz, Huska & Keane, 1994). The result showed significantly higher rates of PTSD among the school teachers effecting femles more than males. There was statistically significant association between sex and PTSD. Besides sex, other factors influencing PTSD included their situation after earthquake, beliefs about the huge aftershock and life after earthquake. There was strong association between their belief about the huge aftershock, life and status after earthquake and PTSD where as the situation of the subjects during earthquake had marginal association with the PTSD.

A study was carried out at the Toxicology laboratory of the Department of Crop and Environmental protection, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso, to determine the effects of powdered castor oil seed (Ricinus communisL.Euphorbiaceae) on kidney, liver, spleen of albino rats. The rats were in five groups, which were replicated three (3) times. The castor oil seed was turned to powdery form using pestle and mortal. Four feed formulations were used;powdered castor oil seed and commercial rat feed mixed in ratio 1:1,1:2,1:5, 1:10and ordinary commercial rat feed, which serves as the control.These formulations were given to four separate groups of rats for a period of three days.Thebehaviour of the rats was monitored over the three day period. The histology of the kidney, liver andspleen which was initially preserved in formalin was later analysed.Compared with the control the hemorrhagic and necrotic tissues in rats administered with ratio 1:10 and ratio 1:5 showed mild disruption. In ratio 1:2 fed group, hemorrhagic and necrotic tissues showed complete disruption while group fed with 1:1 were extensively disrupted. The results also relayed changes in the body weight and the spleen weight where significant highest, spleen weight were recorded for the rats fed with commercial feed (control) than the rats fed with the treated feeds. The rats fed with ratio 1:1 (treated feed) had the least spleen weight compared to the animals fed with treated feed of ratio 1:2 and 1:5 respectively. No significant difference was observed in the kidney fresh weight for all the treatments. Also, there is significant highest liver weight in rats fed with control feed when compared with rat fed with treated feed, followed least concentration ( 1:10 ) of the treated feed. The observation revealed that a powdered castor oil seed to commercial rat feed can be effectively used as rodenticide and it is clearly seen that the function of a powdered castor oil seed affected the internal organ tested.

The purpose of this paper is to examine intercultural communication literature to serve a path to scholars of business and intercultural communication. There are several studies on intercultural communication competence, as well as cross-cultural problem solving, yet it is not adequately acknowledged in business studies. For the purpose, the literature was investigated to ascertain different approaches on the topic. The paper includes a review on the literature. It is supported that, utilizing quantitative methods of intercultural competence with business constructs would improve both fields. Also it is stressed that such intercultural studies have a promising future for business in a multi-cultural era, international businesses and conceptual clarification of intercultural studies.

The language of emotions, a field of research usually neglected in documentary linguistics, requires a strict methodological framework. This paper aims at proposing a critical framework for the research on the language of emotions from the standpoint of language documentation, illustrating both from a theoretic and practical point of view the challenges and the potentiality of a fieldwork-oriented research targeting basic emotions and their linguistic encoding.

Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) is a maintenance program which involves newly defined concept for maintaining Plant, Equipment & available facilities. In this present paper concepts of TPM and its Implementation strategies, and Identified problems are categorized under the pillars of TPM as their remedy action. Solutions to these problems are suggested in accordance with TPM guidelines. In accordance with TPM such as lack of cleaning activities around different work stations, no planned maintenance whatsoever, and lack of safety measures for workers and room for improvement in Plant Layout are found. These problems create many related sub-problems and affect the overall productivity of the organization. So, there is a room for Implementation of TPM. The recommendations made on the basis of TPM guidelines will help the organization in increasing its productivity, better product quality, improved efficiency of equipment and machines, besides it also improves worker’s job satisfaction by enhancing their technical skills, reduces work related accidents, & overall a healthy competitive atmosphere will prevail in organization.

The effects of moringa leaves and seeds fortification on the nutritional value and overall acceptability of Sorghum-Maize ‘ogi’ was investigated. The ‘Ogi’ produced from sorghum and maize was enriched with moringa leaves and seeds at substitution level of 10%. . Sorghum, maize and moringa seeds/ leaves were constituted in the ratio 45:45:10 while sorghum ogi with moringa leave/seeds was constituted in the ratio 90:10 The proximate content, mineral and vitamins content and the sensory properties of the ogi samples were determined. There was increase in the proximate content with the variation in the ratio of sorghum and maize and 10% Moringa seed enrichment. There was increase in the mineral content. The swelling capacity decreased with 10% moringa leaf and seed substitution. The ogi sample with 10% moringa seeds substitution was rated close to the unfortified ogi sample.

In the contemporary world, the essence of empowering the youth to embrace the concept of national and global cohesion through education is not optional but mandatory. It is equally noticeable that education has facilitated the exchange of information and knowledge that generates potentialities necessary for the global prosperity. The contrary is that education is also accountable for making the world too porous, fragmented, and alienated which is reflected superficial peace, perplexing pandemonium, and ambiguous inhabitance. In contradistinction, education has brought the world together in an attempt to create global prosperity, but has failed to fulfill aspirations of the youth and bring harmony and cohesion not only in Kenya but also worldwide. It is within this backdrop that there is irrefutable necessity to explore the possible means to empower the youth to appreciate the significance of national harmony, social cohesion and integration in Kenya. It is through teaching and learning that the youth can endorse the principle of national harmony and social cohesion. In this treatise, interviews served as tools of obtaining data from the respondents, while phenomenological theory served as theoretical framework. The outcome is that there is need for a new turn to enhance the youth to endorse the value of harmony and coexistence.

This treatise is envisaged to draw attention to a pertinent stratum of enacting the research problems of philosophy of education. This discourse elaborates the general perception of the concept research in academic disciplines, and then delineates the essence of research in philosophy of education. The purpose of this treatise is to enhance the meeting point between philosophy itself and education as two distinct academic disciplines. In this regard it is fundamentally necessary to accentuate what is relatively positive and constructive in creating a reasonable connection between philosophy and education exclusive of probable partiality to any. As such, the process of teaching and learning or rather education itself and by extension pedagogy occupies a larger space than the theories, principles, and methods as reflected in epistemology, axiology, metaphysics, and logic as the principal components of philosophy as a distinct discipline.

This treatise presents evidence that education theory and practice is a process that integrates the knower, the known, and the process of knowing. It is an activity of integrating what is taught and learner’s experience to the existing curricula of pedagogy in learning institutions. The purpose of this discourse is to divulge the connectivity of the knower, or learner; the known, or subject matter; and the processes of knowing. The initial section presents a collocation of what is taught with the learner’s awareness in education practice. The second part analyzes the nature of the knower, the known, and the process of knowing. It suggests that the deficiencies in education practice as reflected in the systems of education emanate from the limited correlation of these three mandatory facets in objective knowledge. The relativity of correlation of the facets of knowledge is a requisite means of solving the issues facing pedagogical activity as well as proposing an apt guide for the theory and practice within the systems of education. In conclusion, this article highlight that this negation can be contracted by stabilizing the connection between the knower’s awareness, full potentiality of the mind, and substance of knowledge.

The philosophy of existentialism is a philosophy which draws attention to how human beings can insulate their distinct being in the world through the reality of individual being and the freedom of choice under the stance that existence precedes essence. The idea ‘existence precedes essence’ means that human nature is determined by the course of life rather than life by nature. However, pragmatic, progressive and reconstructive societal tides negate the individual being and freedom of choice. An attempt to recover individual being and freedom necessitates the need for education and lifelong learning. This study focused on existentialism as the cause of lifelong learning. The theory of determinism which holds that all events are instigated by other prevalent causes was therefore used to explain that lifelong learning is the outcome arising from the fact that human beings are susceptible to alienation and estrangement, and they use education to situate themselves. In this treatise, coherent abstractions revealed that the distinctiveness of human beings is contracted by existentialism, while teaching and learning is used to assist human beings to come to terms with issues of existence over essence, being and nothingness, anxiety and authenticity, absurdity and irrationality, freedom and independence, situatedness, alienation and estrangement. The implication is that these existential negations substantiate why human beings strive as individuals to transmute their essence or nature through lifelong learning.