Archives-December 2012

A Study on moisture management properties for Polyester with Bamboo Biply knitted fabrics has been reported. The polyester (80 D), Bamboo yarn (30s and 40s Ne) were selected to produce the Biply rib knitted fabrics with various areal density, thickness and tightness factors to analyze the moisture management properties of fabrics. It was observed that polyester with bamboo Biply knitted fabrics have higher air permeability than the polyester with cotton Biply knitted fabric. It is also observed that there is a significant difference between water vapour permeability of polyester with bamboo and polyester with cotton Biply knitted fabrics. It is also found that the polyester with bamboo knitted fabric has better wicking rate than the polyester with cotton Biply knitted fabrics. This Polyester with Bamboo Biply knitted fabrics materials can be used to prepare the composite materials.

The aim of this paper is to design and analyse a biconvex aerofoil with slightly curved leading edge and estimating the coefficient of pressure (CP), coefficient of lift (CL) and coefficient of drag (CD) at supersonic and hypersonic speeds. The aerofoil is symmetric and has a thickness of 6%. Gambit and Ansys Fluent are two best CFD software used for the analysis. The aerofoil was designed and meshed using Gambit software. Good quality boundary layer mesh can be easily generated using Gambit. The mesh generated was analyzed using Ansys Fluent software. About 1000 iterations were used for the simulation purpose. The pressure coefficient, lift coefficient and drag coefficient for the designed aerofoil were obtained. It was proven that the biconvex aerofoil can also be used for hypersonic speeds.

This article concerned with the importance of theatrical technique in literature class for the enhancement of communication skills. The investigative study was conducted on M.A English students divided into controlled and experimental groups, 50 each, by giving them role play/drama/performance (theatrical technique) of different situations taken from G.B. Shaw’s ‘Arms and the Man’ that followed written test/assignment on the presented situations. The results reflected the importance of theatrical technique in the teaching of literature to enhance communications skills as experimental group performed and showed, in written form, better understanding of the text as well as was more communicative, seemed encouraged and motivated during role play. Role play/drama brings life not only to the classroom environment but furthered the learning and use of English language both in social and academic situations as the results manifest. The study suggests that teachers should use role play/theatrical technique of teaching to generate friendly environment, deep understanding of literature and enhancement of language skills in literature classes at tertiary level.

Continuous stirred tank reactor system is a typical chemical reactor system with complex non linear dynamic characteristics. There has been considerable interest in its state estimation and real time control based on mathematical modeling. However, the lack of understanding of the dynamics of the process, the highly sensitive and non linear behavior of the reactor, has made difficult to develop the precise mathematical modeling of the system. An efficient control of the product concentration in CSTR can be achieved only through accurate model. In this paper, attempts are made to alleviate the modeling difficulties using “Artificial Intelligence” (AI) techniques such as neural, fuzzy and neuro-fuzzy. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence modeling techniques. The performance comparison of different modeling techniques has been given in terms of root mean square error.

Two simple and sensitive extractive spectrophotometric methods (Method A and Method B) have been developed for the determination of Escitalopram in bulk and pharmaceutical preparation which are based on the formation of coloured complex of the drug with dyes namely bromothymol blue (BTB) and methyl orange (MO). The ion pair complexes formed was quantitatively extracted into chloroform under the experimental conditions. All the variables have been optimized and the concentration measurements are reproducible with a relative standard deviation of 1.98 and the recoveries are 99-100.7%.

Empirical studies on the short run and long run effects of the exchange rates on trade balance are classified in two groups. First group have used the overall level of foreign trade data between one country and the world, and second one (including this study and recent studies) have employed bilateral trade data between a country and its major trading partners. The present paper by using Auto Regressive Distribution Lags (ARDL) and annually data during time period 1979-2006 has analyzed the presence of J curve between Iran and selected European trading partners including France, Germany and Switzerland. The results obtained shows that the bilateral J curve hypothesis is confirmed in the short run but there is no evidence to support for the hypothesis in the long run. So, based on the results, the hypothesis is not completely confirmed. It’s mentionable that regarding to and tests, all coefficients are stable.

Corrosion on SS-304 in brackish environment. Any compound capable of donating free chlorine ions (Cl -) to an aqueous (water-based) solution has the potential for causing failure in stainless steels. The chlorine ion is extremely electronegative, therefore very reactive with certain compounds and elements. This reactivity is part of its usefulness in certain situations, but becomes a double-edged sword where stainless steel is concerned. Experimental corrosion studies on commercial SS - 304 have been carried out. The experiments were carried in brackish environment with a concentration variation, pH variation and contact time variation. The experiments were carried out by weight loss method, gasometry study and open circuit polarization studies. The post corrosion sample’s micro structures were analyzed with the aid of EDS (Energy dispersive spectroscopy) equipped SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) EDS (Energy dispersive spectroscopy) instrument to detect the morphology of corrosion by-products. For further verification x-ray diffraction method was also used to detect any possible emerging corrosion by products on the sample’s surface. Experimental results confirmed that SS-304immersed in brackish environment with a variation of concentration , experience very little corrosion. EDS study and x-ray diffraction results indicate that the possible ensuing corrosion by products are Iron oxides, chrome oxides, iron chloride and nickel hydride oxide

The aim of the present study was to design and develop a self microemulsion drug delivery system (SMEDD) of Atorvastatin Calcium and evaluate its release kinetics by using mathematical models. Suitable oil, surfactant and cosurfactant were selected based on the solubility, HLB value and biocompatibility. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify the microemulsion existing zone and to get a tentative surfactant to cosurfactant ratio. Atorvastatin Calcium loaded SMEDD was developed and characterized for particle size, zeta potential, surface morphology, drug entrapment and comparative in vitro drug release study. Different dissolution models were applied to drug release data in order to evaluate release mechanisms and kinetics and the criterion for selecting the most appropriate model was based on linearity (coefficient of correlation). % Transmittance, Particle size and zeta potential of the formulation containing Labrafac PG as oil, Accenon CC as surfactant and Transcutol P as cosurfactant were found to be 99.87%±1.2, 31.82 nm± 1.15 and -15.8 mV± 1.13 respectively. The drug release data fit well to Koresmayer Peppas equation plot (r2 =0.981) indicating the dissolution rate limited drug release from a SMEDD formulation. Drug release mechanism was found as a Super case-II transport, (i.e., n value-1.229).

In construction industry, job satisfaction and job performance are important issues when studying the human behaviours and attitudes of personnel. This research is very important so as to understand what management needs to do in order to avoid personnel job turnover in the organization. The construction industry in Sudan faces a variety of problems relating to human resource efficiency which in turn affect the entire productivity in the industry. The objectives of this study are to view the job analysis of personnel in the Sudanese construction firms, identify the level of job satisfaction of personnel, and identify the level of job performance of personnel and to investigate the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance of personnel. Data was collected from personnel in six Sudanese construction firms through survey packets including a data form and modified version of the Job Satisfaction Index questionnaire (JSI) and Performance Rating Index questionnaire. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software and also Average Index. The study shows that there exist weaknesses in the job analysis of personnel. The level of job satisfaction and performance of personnel in Sudan was found to be on the ‘average’. The study also shows a positive relationship between personnel job performance and job satisfaction.

To construct the plant expression vector containing synthetic B. thuringiensis-cry1Ac gene for crop plant transformations to resist the insect Helicoverpa armigera. A newly constructed binary vector containing the T - DNA left border, Kanamycin (kan) as marker gene, glucuronidase (uidA) reporter gene and bt-cry Ac 1 gene which transformed to A. tumefaciens by helper plasmid pRK2013, which provides tra and mob genes required to transfer the DNA. The plasmid constructed from basic vector pUC118 containing synthetic Bt-cry 1 Ac gene and pGPTV was restricted digested by EcoRI and Xbal. The digested plasmids were purified, quantified and ligated before triparental mating method of competent cell transformation. The triparental mating efficiency can be observed through back transformation of gene from A. tumefaciens to E.coli. The confirmation of Bt-cry 1 Ac gene in the construct was done by Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR). Construction of a Bt-cry Ac1 expression vector was successful and this study will be a feasible approach for the genetic improvement of an economically important Crop plants.