Archives-April 2014

The leaves extract of abutilon indicum leaves herbal preparation that has been suggested as useful in the treatment of varies diseases anti microbial, anti wound killing agents and anti oxidant etc. In this study to determine the gastro protective effect of abutilon indicum leaves in a model of Indomethacin induced ulcer rat. The extract was given by oral gavages (100 and 200mg/kg) three times at 12 h intervals after administering indomethacin 30mg/kg. Treatment with the extract resulted in a significant decreased of the ulcerated area. The results were comparable with the positive control (ranitidine 50mg/kg). Further the results were confirmed using Histopathological studies of the stomach. Thus, we concluded that hydro-alcoholic extract of abutilon indicum leaves possess good preventive and therapeutic action on the gastric ulcers.

Today the term big data draws a lot of attention. Big data is the new technology that enables an organization to take advantage of the natural resource of big data. Organizations store up huge amounts of information, they can mine those databases to discover subtle patterns, correlations, or relationships that human brains can’t perceive on their own because the scales involved are beyond our ability to process. Big data is a hot topic in the market today and attracted a lot of attention from retail, automotive, and manufacturing industry, government as well as academia. This paper introduces several enhancements in big data over data mining and relational database. Finally, I discuss the urgency of big data processing in cloud computing environments.

The combined concept of image processing [9] and neural network [3] [4] can be used in many applications like security system, medical imaging system, forensic identification system, biometric identification system and human computer interaction system (HCI) etc. Face recognition [4] [6] [7] [8] is a common approach used in security system, forensic identification system and biometric identification system. In this paper we will show how the concept of face recognition can be used to recognize the facial expression of a person. Here we use some image processing techniques like 2D-DCT [2] to compress the digital images and some preprocessing techniques to enhance the performance and then we use the concept of neural network like SOM (Self Organizing Map)[3]-[8] to recognize the facial expression efficiently. Here we use an image database consisting a number of faces of each expression to make a face space. For example, we use 10 sets of smiley faces (same person or different persons) to make a smiley face space. Now if a given image has to be recognized, the SOM will detect in which class it belongs to. The accuracy of our approach is depends on the number of epochs used in the SOM and the number of training face images.

This research work involves ten representative soil samples from the industrial area of Mysore city, Karnataka, to determine the total heavy metal content and general properties related to fertility of the soil. For digestion of heavy metals tri-acid mixture method was used. The results showed that, the iron content is higher at the range of 2.5gm/kg to 6.03gm/kg in rainy season and 3.3gm/kg to 6.0gm/kg in pre-monsoon season, for copper it ranges from 13.55mg/kg to 20.15mg/kg and 14.5mg/kg to 18.9mg/kg for rainy season and pre-monsoon season respectively. Chromium is also present in the concentration of 6.3mg/kg to 18.3mg/kg in rainy season and 6.9mg/kg to 22.5mg/kg in pre-monsoon season, zinc concentration varies from 61.9mg/kg to 109.4mg/kg and 64.3mg/kg to 112.3mg/kg for rainy season and pre-monsoon season respectively and presence of nickel varied from 9.1mg/kg to 16.05mg/kg in rainy season and 11.4mg/kg to 17.2mg/kg for and pre-monsoon season. From this study, finally we concluded that, the heavy metal concentration is little more in pre-monsoon season than that of rainy season and the heavy metal concentration is in the sequence of Fe>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni. It reveals that presence of heavy metal has been observed from the different industries with different processes in which the industries have involved so many operations during production of materials and improper disposal of waste materials.

The need to have vocational guidance and counseling integrated into the secondary school curriculum has become more necessary in the modern times than it was several years ago. This could be so due to changing nature of job opportunities, job scarcity, explosion of knowledge and new technologies. Vocational Guidance and Counseling is offered to meet learners career needs, aspirations and job mobility. The objective of the study was to determine students’ perception of the impact of guidance and counseling programme on the satisfaction of vocational needs. The research study was guided by Gestalt theory of perception. The theory was appropriate because of the complex psychological backgrounds which informed the respondents perceptions. The target population for the study was all students drawn from secondary schools in North and South Rift Valley region of kenya. Four hundred and fifty students were selected through stratified random sampling from ten secondary schools. Self – developed questionnaires were used for data collection. Ex post facto research design was utilized for the study. The reliability of the instrument was SPQ = 0.893. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics (frequencies, means) and inferential statistics (t – test and Anova). The statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS) used to test null hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The content validity was ascertain through expert judgement opinion. The findings indicated that the respondents perception on the impact of guidance and counseling on satisfaction of vocational needs was uncertain (neutral perception) which meant that the impact was not significant. Students were not convince that the guidance programme has had any effect on self-employment skills, learning about talents, career available outside Kenya and career mentoring. The Category of School (Mixed Boarding) was found significant in its influence on perception of students of on the impact of guidance and counseling on vocational needs while age, gender, school type and class levels was found insignificant. This paper recommends reviewing the vocational guidance programmes to be more practical and consumer friendly for it to be more appealing to learners in order to satisfy their career needs. The paper concludes with a suggestion that vocational guidance can be entrenched in the regular school curriculum for it to be more visible and creation of awareness on the value of vocational guidance and counseling.

Magnesium plays important roles in physiological function of the body organs because magnesium is an essential mineral. Present study was to determine magnesium levels in serum of fifty pulmonary tuberculosis patients and fifty controls magnesium was determined using a Hitachi atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Tokyo, Japan). Magnesium level was significantly decreased in pulmonary tuberculosis patients as compared with the controls. In order to better understand the role of magnesium in pulmonary tuberculosis further clinical studies are required

Pharmacoeconomics is the branch of economics that applies cost-benefit, cost-effectiveness, cost-minimization, and cost-utility analyses to compare the economics of different pharmaceutical products or drug therapy to non-drug treatments. Pharmacoeconomics is the benchmark for practical authoritative reviews of the application of health economics and pharmacoeconomics to optimum drug therapy in disease management. Pharmacoeconomics has been defined as “the description and analysis of the costs of drug therapy to health care systems and society” .Pharmacoeconomics research identifies, measures, and compares the costs (i.e., resources consumed) and consequences (i.e., clinical, economics, humanistic) of pharmaceutical products and services. Within this framework are included the research methods related to cost – minimization, cost-effectiveness, cost-benefit, cost-of-illness, cost-utility, cost-consequences, and decision analysis, as well as quality –of-life and other humanistic assessments. In essence, Pharmacoeconomics analysis uses tools for examining the impact (desirable, undesirable) of alternative drug therapies and other medical interventions.

This study is a descriptive research attempting to compare and contrast the use of two types of cohesive devices (i.e. lexical cohesion and ellipsis) in the original dialogues of a television serial with the Persian subtitled and dubbed versions of the same dialogues. The data used in this study comprised the dialogues of 10 scenes selected by the researcher from the television serial ‘Ann of Green Gables’ as well as the dubbed and subtitled counterparts of the dialogues of the same scenes. The study sought two objectives: First, it attempted to investigate the original dialogues of the film, in terms of the frequency of the use of the two mentioned types of cohesive devices, and to compare them with the dubbed and subtitled versions; second, it aimed to compare the two types of audio-visual translations (i.e. dubbing and subtitling) to find out how they have dealt with these cohesive devices and what differences exist between these two types of translation in terms of their handling lexical cohesion and ellipsis. For this purpose, the study employed Halliday and Hasan’s (1976) model of cohesive devices. The findings revealed that repetition has the greatest frequency of use among lexical cohesion elements and clausal ellipsis has the greatest frequency among ellipsis types in the original dialogues. The findings also demonstrated that the two translated versions were relatively similar in their handling lexical cohesion but the dubbed version contained a substantially greater number of cases of ellipsis than the subtitled version did. The findings of this research could provide audiovisual translators with information as to how the cohesive elements are differently used in the English dialogues and their Persian translations (subtitled and dubbed dialogues).

Black pepper and white pepper are made from the Piper nigrum plant. Black pepper is ground from dried, whole unripe fruit. White pepper is ground from dried, ripe fruit that has had the outer layer removed. The black pepper and white pepper powder are used to make medicine. People take black pepper for stomach upset, bronchitis, and cancer. They take white pepper for stomach upset, malaria, cholera, and cancer. Black pepper is sometimes applied directly to the skin for treating nerve pain(neuralgia) and a skin disease called scabies. Black pepper and white pepper are also used topically as a counterirritant for pain. In foods and beverages, black pepper, white pepper, and pepper oil (a product distilled from black pepper) are used as flavoring agents. Many people are ignorant about the numerous health benefits of black pepper. It contains potent antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties. It contains iron, potassium, manganese, vitamin C and fiber in large quantities. However, beside these, it does contain other nutritional components.

Pharmacovigilance is an important and integral part of clinical research. Pharmacovigilance is defined as the pharmacological science relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects, particularly long term and short term adverse effects of medicines. Pharmacovigilance will certainly help identifying risks and risk factors in the shortest possible time so that harm can be avoided or minimised. Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other possible medicine related problem. Today its importance cannot be sidelined at all, given the number of new medicines being introduced in the market.