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Learning in workshop is different from learning in a classroom, because learning in a workshop usually use tools and materials. This study aims to look at how smooth learning in the workshop depends on the teacher. This study is a qualitative and quantitative analysis which documents and questionnaires to obtain information. Three main objectives namely ethics teacher, the transmission of knowledge and leadership. Respondents in this study consisted of 49 students in three secondary schools in Batu Pahat District. Questionnaires were given to the respondent contains 59 items. Cronbach Alpha reliability test derived from the pilot study is 0.832, this means that items in the questionnaire can be used in the actual study. Overall results indicate that teachers in terms of leadership, ethics and teaching can deliver Learning and Teaching (T&L) to the students properly. Based on this study also found that students' prior knowledge can also help smooth the process of T&L.

Topical drug delivery system is most preferred due to avoidance of first pass metabolism and gastro-intestinal incompatibility. Microemulsion is the most frequently preferred carrier systems for NSAIDs which are used in treatment of arthritis. This new drug delivery approach is jointly aiming at minimizing drug dose, diverting drugs to the target tissue by increased permeation, and enhancing efficacy in patients. In this work, the pseudo-ternary phase diagram were constructed using Tween 80, Ethyl oleate, Propylene glycol and water. Different batches of microemulsions were prepared by phase titration method. The batch which showed maximum in vitro drug release was formulated into gel using various concentration of polymer. EO was used as the oily phase of microemulsion due to powerful solubilization and permeation enhancing effect for Flurbiprofen. 0.75% carbopol 940 was considered as optimum gel matrix. Optimized batch of microemulsion gel was evaluated for pH, spreadability, % Drug content, Droplet size and Polydispersity-Index. The optimized batch was compared with marketed gel (5% gel). The in vitro permeation studies revealed that the prepared microemulsion-gel could be used as a potential carrier for the topical delivery of Flurbiprofen due to its permeation enhancing ability.

Nano-biotechnology is recognized as offering revolutionary changes in various fields of medicine. Biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles have a wide range of applications. The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles is an eco-friendly method in the field of nanotechnology. Seaweed extracts of Caulerpa racemosa (Forsskål) J. Agardh and Ulva lactuca Linnaeus was used as a reducing agent in the eco-friendly extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles from an aqueous solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3). High conversion of silver ions to silver nanoparticles was achieved with Ulva lactuca at reaction temperature of 100° and a seaweed extract concentration of 10% with a residential time of 1 h using reflux extractor when compared with the other methods. Formation of silver nanoparticles was characterized by spectrophotometry and the electron microscopic technique. The average particles size was ranging from 35 to 75 nm. Antimicrobial activities indicate the minimum inhibitory concentration of biologically synthesized nanoparticles tested against the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus (1 mg/ml). High inhibitions over the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli were witnessed against the concentrations of 1 mg/ml. Enzyme assay of the collected seaweeds performed using standard protocol to assess the potency level. Further photocatalytic degradation and seed germination test proved that synthesized nanoparticles were environmentally safe, for which the same can be used for effluent treatment process.

Language opened the door of civilization”. Along with it, it became a powerful tool to fight the darkness of human beings. Voice form is infinite script, voice, hand gestures, verbal signs expressing their feelings through hand gestures, verbal signs, gradually acquiring phonetic form and thus creating spoken languages, discovering 'script' and finding 'script' according to human's intellectual development, thought, situations, and intensive research values. Language led to growth. Over time, systematic scripts emerged for a language that was spoken only orally. In ancient times, palmistry, epigraphy, writing in files, and writing on paper took a great place.

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The future of healthcare delivery systems and telemedicinal applications has undergone a tremendous change due to e-health. E-health was the result of the integration of networks and telecommunications, dealing with applications of collecting, sorting and transferring medical data from distant locations for performing remote medical collaborations and diagnosis. Medical information is either in multidimensional or multi resolution form, this creates enormous amount of data. Efficient storage, retrieval, management and transmission of this voluminous data is extremely complex. The solution is to reduce this complexity is to compress the medical data so that the diagnostics capabilities are not compromised. For medical images, only a small portion of the image might be diagnostically useful, but the cost of a wrong interpretation is high. Combination of Lossless and Lossy compression schemes with secure transmission play a key role in telemedicine applications that help in accurate diagnosis and research. In this paper, we propose a combined compression method for Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine images. The method includes the compression of region of interest using lossless image compression technique i.e. Predictive coding while the remaining area of image (other than region of interest) is compressed using the near lossless image compression techniques i.e. DCT. The image later is reconstructed by merging the region of interest with non-region of interest to get the compressed image, which is then sent over a wireless network using a 3G connection for fast and errorless transmission, to be accessed by authorized users on mobile devices.

We are very happy to announce that from 14th October 2015, Mr. Gulsah CELIK GUL has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Chemical Sciences. Mr. Gulsah CELIK GUL working as Project Expert, Project Coordination Office, Balikesir University, Turkey. The appointment of Mr. Gulsah CELIK GUL as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com.