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Discretization transforms a continuous attribute values into a finite number of intervals and associates with each interval a numerical, discrete value. For mixed-mode (continuous and discrete) data, discretization is usually performed prior to the learning process and plays an important role in KDD process. CAIM is very efficient, supervised discretization algorithm. Recent data mining technology is found to be slow to handle data of very large scale. In addition, data mining needs to be a continuous, online process, rather than an occasional one-shot process which has created a need for incremental approach for effective model preparation and updating. Incremental classification is proposed in literature needs online discretization, has created a need for fast and efficient discretization algorithm. The Modified CAIM (MoCAIM) algorithm is proposed and used as online discretization for the Novel ID3 (NID3) algorithm where CAIR is used as attribute selection criteria and CAIM is used for online discretization. Improved NID3 (INID3) is proposed to improve the classification accuracy by considering the unclassified instances of the test and predication phases of the classification process. The outperforming results of MoCAIM and INID3 algorithms in term of classification accuracy and Execution time motivate to explore the process further for the streamed data classification.

This paper has investigated the relationship between the oil prices and the real exchange rate in Iran from 1980-2013. The result of the Johansen cointegration test illustrates a long run equilibrium relationship between the real oil prices and the real exchange rate. This relationship is supported by the Granger Causality test which determines the causal relationship from the oil prices to the Real Exchange Rate. The result of the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity test (GARCH) suggests persistency of the volatility between the oil prices and the real exchange rate. These findings consider the implications for policy maker to stabilize the fluctuations of the real exchange rate. Therefore, these findings can be beneficial for formulating and implementing economic policies.

Evaluation of student’s performance is one of the most important responsibilities of every educational institute. The marks obtained by the students in examination should not be the only criteria to decide academic excellence. In this paper, aims to discuss the study of the student’s performance by including the Intelligence quotient (IQ). Here the fuzzy matrices are used to find the level of performance of the students. The fuzzy logic is used for finding the academically excellent student.

Many ciliates species are the common parasites found in Indian earthworm Pheretima posthuma. During the period of two years (Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2008) total 2609 number of earthworm animals were examined. In the first year (Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2007) 1146 P. posthuma were examined, 693 of these were positive for ciliate infection. The percentage of prevalence being (60.47%), in second year (Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2008) total 963 animals were examined, 560 of these were positive with ciliates. The percentage of prevalence was 58.15%. A month wise analysis of the percentage of prevalence of ciliates during the first year (Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2007) was maximum in June to August (83.33%, 81.88%, 84.32%), minimum in April and May (36.19%, 36.67%) and moderate in remaining months. While In second year (Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2008) the maximum percentage of prevalence showed during August and September (84.72%, 81.33%), minimum in February to May (49.43%, 45.45%, 50.67%, 50.98%) and moderate in remaining months. While the observation of gut of the host P. posthuma it is seen that the four species of genus Anoplophrya were investigated. Out of that the two species are new to the sciences which are A. chakravartii, A. krishnamurthii, A. nikamai n. sp. and A. infundibulii n. sp. The parasite ciliates were first observed in 0.6% saline solution fixed in Schauddin’s fixative and then stained with phaspho-tungastic acid hematoxyline stain.

We are very happy to announce that from 21st October 2013, Prof. Anant Prabhakar Hardas has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Pharmacy. Prof. Anant Prabhakar Hardas is currently working as Pharmacist, Educationalist, Writer & Publisher, Nagpur, India. The appointment of Prof. Anant Prabhakar Hardas as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

To provide an efficient facility to reserve the human resource appropriately, many aids has been proposed and thus one the measure used recently is sensor nodes with the efficient technology of android system with most available resource that is mobile phones which facilitates each person with security of their healthcare efficiently. As most common feature provided by smart phones is about alerting any person about any situation, this benefit is been utilized in medical healthcare system to provide one of the most important facility to preserve people’s wealth of health.

The 1,2,3-Benzotriazol were evaluated in the present work as corrosion inhibitors for protection of the carbon steel in chloride solutions. The corrosion protection performance was investigated by means of weight loss and DC polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Scanning electron microscope was used to study the surface topography during corrosion tests. The results show that all inhibitors under study confer corrosion protection to the carbon steel forming a thin organic layer on the substrate surface. The following quantum chemical indices such as the charge density distribution, highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), energy gap, ?N and dipole moment (u) were considered. The inhibition efficiencies obtained from the employed methods are nearly closed. From the obtained data it was found that, the inhibition efficiency increases with increasing the inhibitor concentration until the optimum one.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships among leadership styles and employee performance in higher education. The study was examining the impact of transformational, transactional and Laissez-Faire leadership styles on employee performance. The study was conducted through descriptive a cross – sectional study involving a self administered questionnaire was used as the measuring instrument. The study population comprised all staff in University of Somalia Registration with 310 numbers. Slovin’s formula or method was used to determine the sample size and the sample number was calculated 76 one. Stratified sampling was used in this research.the data was collected and then analyses was used SPSS. And presented in tables, charts and pie charts. The results showed that transformational leadership style, transactional leadership style and lazier-faire leadership styles all have positive but weak impact on employee performance in Universities in Somalia. Recommendations based on these research findings are intended to aid University of Somalia to improve its employee’s performance by training managers and leaders to use styles of leadership. Leadership training program is more important than ever. And also, as the study found that there is a positive relationship between the three styles and employee performance in UNISO, and that indicates there may exist other variables which influence employee performance, so the researcher recommends that UNISO should launch another research to find those other variables.

The removing dye from wastewaters is a main concern in textile industries letter, press and other commercial manufacturing systems in this decade. This process can make our environment polluted and endanger human being health as they are poisonous and have negative effects on human body. This review paper firstly recognizes synthetic pollution, its characterization and poisonous particles; then, it presents several improvements regarding optimum methods for treating and removing dye from wastewater and finally it suggests some adsorbents that are bio-based and money-saving. A comprehensive category of adsorbents including agricultural waste, bio and natural materials and industrial waste were reported. This paper suggests adsorption method using bio-waste adsorbent as an acceptable method in order to remove dye from waste water. However, further studies are needed to scrutinize the precise results of this approach in industry.

Successful healthcare organizations emphasize attracting human resource assets and aggressively seek to resolve and prevent high employee turnover. Measuring employee turnover in a healthcare department is fundamental to the success of the organization and the quality of care it delivers. The most important impact of employee turnover may be the effect on patient care. Generally, all patients prefer to be cared for by the same members of a healthcare team each time they require treatment. This involves building relationships between the patients and their respective healthcare organizations. Determining why employees are leaving an organization is an important part of developing an effective strategy. This study trace the effects of manager leadership characteristics on staff retention in private hospitals of 2 distract in Punjab. Effects of manager characteristics were traced to retention through work characteristics, job stress, job satisfaction, commitment, and intent to stay. Our sample size is about 100 employees in the hospitals and we collected it from different hospitals in Sargodha and Lahore district. For estimation and result analysis we used SPSS software .Descriptive statistics, Frequency distribution are done to get results and Bar charts are made to interpret results. On the basis of result we conclude that to keeps the employees in hospital for a long period of time needs to announce bonus for them. So they motivate and perform their level best for increasing the performance of hospital. Further to retain employees in hospital for a long period of time requires to give each employee equal career opportunities. On the bases of result we can say that every job is required to give training to employees for their better performance.