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A trial was conducted during 2005 06 & 2006-06 at All India Coordinated Research Project for Dryland Agriculture Phulbani, Orissa ,India., with an objective to obtain the water loss and economics of the lined ponds .There were three treatments T1-Lined pond with soil cement plaster (6:1) 8cm thickness ,T2-Unlined pond,T-3-No pond.10% of the cropped area was dug for construction of the pond in Lined and Unlined pond treatments. The size of the pond is 7m top widths, 1m-bottom width, 3m heights, and 1:1side slope. The water harvested in pond was reutilized for the pumpkin crop, which was sown only in Lined pond treatment, as there was no water available in unlined pond so the crop was not sown there. Lined pond with soil cement (6:1) plaster of 8cm thickness gave highest Tomato yield of 4.8 t/ha during kharif 2008-09 and radish root yield of 25.5 t/ha in rabi seasons of 2008-09.. The water loss was 326 lit/day in lined pond and 24,000 lit/day in unlined pond. The benefit: cost ratio in lined pond was 3.04 as compared to 1.64 in unlined pond during 2008-09.

Institutions of higher education are increasingly realizing that they are part of the service industry and are putting greater emphasis on student satisfaction as they face many competitive pressures. Due to intense competition in this field and specially in the B-Schools it become mandatory for the institutions to understand the students perceptions towards various factors that lead to a feeling of satisfaction among them and try to concentrate on the most important factors. The authors in this research article did a descriptive study to understand the students’ perception towards the most important factors that develop a feeling of satisfaction among them. The research was done in Jalandhar district of Punjab on the students studying in various Management Colleges in the city. The convenience and snowball sampling technique was used to identify colleges and students respectively. The questionnaire method was used for collecting the data from the students. The total sample size was 100 out of which 80 questionnaires are used for analysis. The authors applied factor analysis to reach to a conclusion that Infrastructure, Faculty Knowledge and Understanding of Student Needs, Students Skills Development and Quality of Placement Activities are the major factors that lead to student satisfaction the most.

It is the quality and excellence that matters. These are deciding factors in any organization. Quality is what makes the difference between things being excellent or run of the mill. Quality Circles or Quality Control Circles as they are called in Japan, is a participative philosophy woven around Quality Control and problem solving at the bottom level. It exemplifies the policy of people building, respect for human beings and creates participative management culture.

Peer-to-peer (P2P) botnets are the modern and most resilient bot structures which are harder to take down and stealthier to detect their malicious activities, because of which these are adopted by many of the recent botmasters. In this paper, we propose a novel botnet detection system which is capable to identify resilient P2P botnets. Our system initially identifies the p2p communication hosts present in the network. It then derives p2p traffic and further distinguishes between the botnet generated traffic and legitimate generated traffic. The parallelized computation makes scalability a default feature of our system. High detection accuracy and prodigious scalability are the extra features of our proposed system.

Erosion and sediment yield are important factors that should be taken into account in planning renewable natural resource projects. The EPM model is extensively used to erosion and sediment yield assessments in many catchments of Iran. Because of ambiguities in the validity of the results of EPM model, the objective of this study is to evaluate the output results of this model in five small catchments, Semnan Province, Iran using sediment deposited in reservoir constructed in the outlet of these catchments. The Specific Sediment Yield (SSY) in five reservoirs was assessed by measuring the volume and mass of deposited sediment in the reservoirs and also by characterizing the reservoirs and their respective catchments. The primary data for EPM model was obtained from topographic maps, aerial photographic interpretation, earlier studies and field survey by a team with different professional backgrounds in order to score each model’s factors. Model performance was evaluated by using Nash and Sutcliff’s Model Efficiency (ME) and the Relative Root Mean Square Error (RRMSE). Result showed that although the amount of Model Efficiency is located in acceptable area (0.056) but no high efficiency. The Relative Root Mean Square Error (79.3) show the efficiency of model is low as well.

This paper extends the work of Hernandez [5] to functions of two variables in which the emphasis is given to the influence of convexity on Newton-Raphson’s method using two functions with different degree but having the same solution. Upon the properties of logarithmic degree of convexity the third order convergent iterative method for the solutions of systems of nonlinear equations which avoids the computation of second order derivative of the function is obtained. The result shows the accelerated Newton-Raphson’s method is faster than the other methods considered in this paper.

This paper investigates the affect of international trade and global economy through foreign direct investment. Foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade are often seen as important catalysts for economic growth in the developing countries. FDI is an important vehicle of technology transfer from developed countries to developing countries. FDI also stimulates domestic investment and facilitates improvements in human capital and institutions in the host countries. International trade is also known to be an instrument of economic growth. Global foreign direct investment (FDI) trends are likely to modify during the period 2004-2007. FDI has promoted to effective economic growth in a number of developing countries and the role of the foreign direct investment in this field has been extensively known in China and India, the world’s two most populous growing economics have been using FDI as a stimulus in the growth process. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is an integral part of an open and effective international economic system and a major catalyst to development. The growing role of foreign direct investment and multinational corporations (MNCs) in developing countries in the age of globalization is rarely disputed. The nature of the impact of FDI on the growth and development of the Third World, however, is a controversial topic in contemporary international relations and economic development theory. Historically, developing countries heavily depended on the economies of the industrialized world for their own economic survival. During the past two decades, however, the world economy has increasingly "globalized" through the liberalization of world trade and capital markets, the growing internationalization of corporate production and distribution, and the destruction of barriers to the trade of goods and services through technological advances. Meanwhile, the world’s developing countries are now more important, and influential, actors in international trade and the global market.

MIMO techniques increases the spectral efficiency of the transmission and increasing capacity by using Spatial Multiplexing and Precoding. MIMO Spatial Multiplexing is the simultaneous use of the same frequencies to transmit independent data streams. Precoding (mixing) of the two streams is used to optimize the transmission into the channel so that the receiver has the best chance of recovering the original data streams. Several nonlinear precoding methods including dirty paper coding is used to achieve the capacity region for MIMO. In this paper capacity of the MIMO system and sum rate comparison is analyzed by suggesting a modified precoding technique and a round robin user scheduling algorithm.

An innovative concept of International Mobile Telecommunications – Advanced (IMT-Advanced) which is specified by the International Telecommunications Union – Radio Communication Sector (ITU-R), aims to perform a peak data rate of up to 1 Gbps for low mobility and 100 Mbps for high mobility. A study item on Long Term Evolution (LTE)-Advanced has been commenced to meet the above need by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), that supports the transmission over a much wider bandwidth than the LTE systems. The techniques for efficient resource allocation for LTE-Advanced systems with aggregation of multiple Component Carriers (CC) are deeply analyzed in this paper. Bandwidth based resource allocation using carrier load balancing methods like Round-robin, Mobile Hashing and Walsh code methods, have been used and their performance analysis is done in terms of the throughput and coverage. It proposes a cross component carrier packet scheduling algorithm for an effective resource allocation among the users with aggregation of component carrier in comparison with the independent packet scheduling per CC. To study the multi carrier system, Long Term Evolution (LTE)-Advanced users and LTE Rel’8 users are selected. The various carrier load balancing methods are compared based on independent and cross CC packet scheduling and then coverage performance, cell throughput and user throughput are analyzed with the help of Full buffer and finite buffer transmission system.

Knowledge management is a process that helps organizations to find important information, select, organize and publish them; and it’s a proficiency that will be necessary for actions like solving problems, dynamic learning, decision making. Knowledge management can improve a wide range of organization performance properties by enabling company to more intelligent performance, but it’s not enough alone; because knowledge management to be useful needs undertaking staff to organization and their job, that accept the knowledge management process with spirit and heart and perform it (Wiig,1999:14). With considering the importance of this topic, the current discussion will study the relation between knowledge management and professional commitment of staff at a petroleum company in the south of Iran. Formation of this study was based on this question that with considering the importance of professional commitment and organizational commitment of staff, what the relation between knowledge management and professional commitment and organizational commitment of staff is. The tools of data collection in order to knowledge management evaluation is the 21 questions questionnaire of Proset et al., to evaluation of professional commitment and organizational commitment, that’s combination and native 27 questions questionnaire of Allen and Meyer et al.; the stability of professional commitment and organizational commitment obtained 83% and the stability of knowledge management evaluation was 0.87 and because of being Kronbakh alpha of questionnaires both more than 0.7, both questionnaires had obligatory stability. To determine being normal, the data obtained of Colmogroph-Smirnoph was applied and confirmed the results of being normal test. Hypothesizes of the study were examined by performing of Spearman correlation test and their significant and positive effects were proved, this means that knowledge management totally has a direct and significant relation with organizational commitment and professional commitment.