Marketing

The current form of human capital on economic ideas remained unknown, because been place has been considered for human capital in three-factor divisions of production factors. Such a division created a vacuum in the division of production factors of the tools necessary for suitable economic analysis, productivity and market value. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the relationship between human capital, productivity and market value in productive companies. For this reason, a number of 100 companies were selected through screening method during 2004-2011and then were tested through multiple regressions. Research hypotheses were divided into two branches in that components of human capital (wages and benefits, direct cost of laborers, indirect cost of laborers, administrative costs and staff sales) were examined in the productivity and market value. Results of research showed that there is a significant positive relationship between human capital and labor force productivity, but no relationship was observed between human capital and market value. Also, there was a significant positive relationship between components of human capital and indirect cost of laborers and labor force productivity. Moreover, there is a significant positive relationship between components of human capital and market value with wages and benefits.

The raising of environmental issues has drawn attentions of businesses to participate in green practices. The conceptual framework of this paper underpinned the theory of Resources Based View (RBV) by identifying four firms’ key resources namely physical capital resources, human capital resources, organisational capital resources and financial resources. In this article, these four resources were proposed to be positively influence fast food restaurants to adopt green practices. This is in line with the literature whereby resources played as productive assets role in helping firm to accomplish activities. Activities that will be discussed in this study are adoption of green practices. If this is true, then the conceptual framework is expected to show positive results, indicating that firm resources determine the adoption of green practices among fast food restaurants. Hence, fast food restaurants should manage and utilise resources to adopt green practices in their daily business operations.

This article provides information about the concept of e-Marketing and discusses various aspects related to e-Marketing. The concepts traditional marketing, e-commerce, e-business, e-Marketing plan and interactive marketing have been discussed. Advantages and disadvantages of e-marketing have been discussed briefly.

Public concern for ecological issues has shown an increase over the past three decades. In this modern era of social marketing, ethics in business have become strategic decisions in marketing. Marketers have started responding to consumers’ growing ecological consciousness by developing environment friendly products. Consumers have positive attitudes towards green buzz but this positive attitude in environment issues is not translated fully into the interest consumer show in their scrutiny behaviours. This study determines to find the impact of demographic factors upon green perception. A survey was conducted to gather responses from respondents of Amritsar and Jalandhar region (Indian cities). A total of 119 respondents, responded to a 10 questions questionnaire. The result indicated that Gender plays a significant role in formation of green perception.

In recent decades, the rate of new product development increased due to the burst of competition between organizations in developing new products, services and new markets. In such a competitive condition, the main challenge of organizations is to develop new products according to the goals of the organization and needs of customers. Therefore, this study tries to propose success factors in new product development for food industry based on a model developed using a mixed method. The preliminary model is proposed by reviewing related literature in innovation management and product development and also using semi-structured interviews with executive managers of food industry. Then using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, the validity of the model and final scales were analyzed. The results show that Strategic Thinking (ST), , Product Features (PF), Skills and Abilities (SA), Internal and External Team Involvement (TI), Supply Chain Ability(SC), Development Process(DP) have a correlation with the success of new product development in food industries of Iran. Among these dimensions, market characteristic (MC) has the highest importance and after that Skills and Abilities (SA), Internal and External Team Involvement (TI) got the other ranks respectively.

In the years after the revolution, the establishment of border markets, a new step in the direction of making more efficient border transactions. Despite the prominent role of these centers, the development of exchanges, regional, and economic prosperity of the region, performers plaza and along the border show that the balance of trade areas was negative, and often the activity of import that, should their role in the economic well-being influence, and on this basis to the market, investigated and evaluated, so that appropriate planning, it was based on. This study is based on a descriptive analysis and aimed to investigate the role and impact of border markets Parvizkhan in improving the economic situation of the inhabitants of the region, has been discussed. The population, including people working in the border area Feedback Pervez Khan, to the number 2320, which, according to Cochran formula, 300 people were selected as sample. In this research, data analysis, one-sample t-test was used. Results show that the mean responses provided by respondents, the impact of border markets, on the regional economy 3/447,from 5 is that if this average, to extend community, with 95 percent of the average responses people between 3/393 to 3/501 is, and because of this number (3/447), the number 3 (1 very low 2 low 3 middle) is larger, it can be concluded, the impact of border markets, the economy of the region, is almost too much. On the other hand, because Sig = 0, smaller than 0/05, this test is statistically significant. This in employment, income and drug trafficking, has led to improvements.

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have important roles in employment and GDP. One of the success pillars of SMEs is brand management improvement. This study evaluated the strategic performance of brand management in foods sector’s SMEs based on Keller’s Brand Report Card (BRC) in Iran. The research design of this paper is descriptive- survey type. The data gathered from 100 managers of 50 SMEs by using a 37-items questionnaire from 6 provinces. Results indicated that however the overall brand management performance has a good score but the performance in sub-categories are not equal. Freidman test indicated the priorities of brand performance in 10 sub-categories. Kruskal-wallis test showed that priorities of four sub-categories performance among different sectors of food industry.

In this article, the authors propose that relationship quality model for retail banking should consist of antecedents and consequences. The antecedents proposed are relational selling behavior and positive emotional display, while the consequences are future interaction and positive word of mouth. The authors will argue that the inclusion of both antecedents and consequences will help retail banks to refine their relationship quality model.

Review the problems of border markets in regional development and prosperity stated that despite the prominent role of border markets, the development of exchanges regional balance of trade in the region north and North West, negative and often work imported, and the regulations, management system in the marketplace, so not serious, and requires a favorable approach to management. Accordingly, with respect to the role of border markets, in social prosperity, and its impact on economic and social prosperity, be sure to research to be done, and the results analyzed and evaluated. Research, in terms of method, the cross-sectional studies, and the purpose of the methods is applied, the role and the effectiveness of border markets of Parvizkhan, improve the social situation of the region's residents. The population, including people working in the border area Parvizkhan Market, to the number 2320, which, according to Cochran formula, 300 people were selected as sample. In this research, data analysis, one-sample t-test was used. The results showed that the mean of the responses provided by respondents, the impact of border markets, the social issues of the region, 3/3417 from 5, if this mean to extend the society, with 95 percent of the average of responses people between 3/292 to 3/392 is, and because of this number (3/3417), the number 3 (1 very low 2 low 3 middle) is larger, it can be concluded, the impact of border markets on social issues in the region, almost too is. In other hand, because Sig = 0 is smaller than 0/05, this test statistically, is significant. Also in the field of welfare, security, and reduce migration also been influential.

Labelling can perform many different functions, like the identification, description or promotion of food products (Teague and Anderson, 1995; Bernues et al., 2003), however based on reasearch the main purpose of food labelling is to inform consumers on the content and the nutrienst of the food. All food labels need to have minimum amount of mandatory or legally set information, but a producer may add any voluntary but correct information should they feel that the information stated would be off an advantage and that would lead a consumer to purchase the product. Food producers also would at times, use terms which would only be understood by experts and non experts would be left gueesing and interpreting the terms themselves. Consumers also consider food labelling to be very important component of their lifestyle and regard nutrition as a positive attribute to the products. With that, this study attempts to see the correlation between Label Messages and Label Effectiveness. These findings will provide a view on what is the relationship between the label messages and its effectiveness. This would also assist manufaturers to identify on what information or messages which would have an impact before consumers makes their buying decisions.