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Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Pd(II) complexes of the Schiff base, 6-methyl-3-[[4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]imino}methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-ol are synthesized and characterized by microanalysis, conductance, 1H NMR, infrared and electronic spectral measurements. The ligand coordinates through the chromenol O and imine N atoms to the metal ions, and the Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes are in the trans-isomeric form as shown by IR measurements. All the complexes form as [ML2]xH2O with the exception of the Mn(II) complex which analyzed as [MLNO3]H2O. Electronic measurements are indicative of a four coordinate, tetrahedral /square-planar geometry for the complexes and none is an electrolyte in nitromethane. The antibacterial studies reveal that the Schiff base and its Cu(II) complex exhibit broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with inhibitory zones range of 11.0-13.0 mm and 10.0-16.0 mm respectively. The cytotoxic study shows that the Cu(II) complex has the best in-vitro anticancer activity against both HT-29 (colon carcinoma) and MCF-7(human breast adenocarcinoma) cells with activities of about a half (17.02 ?M), and a fifth(9.78 ?M ) that of Cis-platin respectively.

Reading is a complex process that involves the use of the cognitive, affective, psychomotor and social domains. Each of these aspects has a remarkable influence a learner’s reading skills and abilities development, hence determining a learner’s rate of reading success .The teacher plays a crucial role in developing children’s reading skills, although most learners enter school having attained some degree of phonological awareness of their L1 languages. Effective reading instruction then, requires that the teacher manipulates the cognitive, affective, psychomotor and social domains in order to develop appropriate reading competencies in early grade readers through the instructional practices chosen during instruction. This paper examines significant aspects crucial to effective reading instruction among early grade readers and their implications for early grade reading instruction in Kenya. It is hoped that this paper will provide teachers and researchers with stimulating insights in reading instruction for early grade readers in developing countries and Kenya in particular.

This paper attempts to explore the relevance of the Yoruba belief in divinities towards local government reforms in Nigeria. It further argues that elements of traditional cultural imports embedded in the Yoruba belief in divinities can be used to advance democratic development in Nigeria. The paper also looked for relationship between moral value and other socio-philosophical dimensions as the ‘philosophem’ for the study. The paper establishes that the idea of harmonious interaction, mutual cooperation and partnership between the divinities in traditional Yoruba metaphysics can be used to curb the problems of dictatorship, ill-distributive justice and other undemocratic practice battering the path of local government reforms and democratic development in Nigeria. In its contribution to knowledge, the paper emphasizes the practical relevance of the belief in divinities in traditional Yoruba metaphysics as means for understanding, regulating and sustaining democratic development in Nigeria

This paper analysed the causes, genesis, development, and nature of migrant labour among the Nandi of Kenya. It employed the Materialism approach, the Pull-push theory, a qualitative design, purposive sampling, and one hundred respondents. It found out that land alienation, colonial land policy, the creation of African reserves, land scarcity in reserves, taxation system, changes in local production and trade, the population explosion in reserves. Also, forced-labour, colonial administration, sore relationships, prestige, selfish attitudes and poverty, pass system, veterinary quarantine and a decrease in wages and prices of stock contributed to labour migration among the Nandi.

Streptococcus mutans (s. mutans) and Streptococcus sanguis(S.sanguis) are two important bacteria of the oral microflora. S. mutans is the most important cause of dental caries and S. sanguis is one of the major bacteria that play an important role in formation of microbial plaque. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of cigar and cigarette smoke on the growth of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguis. The standard strains of s.mutans (ATCC25175) and sanguis(ATCC10550) were cultured on blood agar and incubated for 48h in different environments: atmospheric air, microaerophillic, carbon dioxide, cigar and three type of cigarette smoke (Winston ,ultralight Winston and kent). Then digital photographs of the colonies were taken and the diameter of the colonies was measured. Data were analyzed using post hoc and general linear model statistical tests. Both cigar and cigarette smoke significantly increased the growth of s.mutans and s.snguis (p=0/000). In almost all environments except cigar smoke, the growth of s.mutans was more than s.sanguis. The diameter of s.mutans colonies in dioxide ,microaerophilic, cigar and cigarette smoke (Winston,ultra light wniston and kent) showed in order: 82%, 65%, 69%, 106%, 92% increase and the diameter of s.sanguis showed in order: 45%, 53%, 137%, 89%, 40%, 55% increase. These findings indicate that cigarette smoke increases the s.mutans/s.sanguis ratio but cigar smoke decreases this ratio.

In today’s dynamic business environment, the ability to improve business performance is a critical requirement for any organization. The importance of real time access has continually risen, based on Internet development and growing sources of information. As a result, firms collected huge quantities of data & relative new business tools in their effort to understand their business evolution, enhance their performance and create a strong relationship with the employees, clients and partners. The use of information systems has led to the recognition of the importance of quality management in the competitive environment. However, only few companies have taken actions to measure and enhance the quality of information& technology. One of the main attributes that a company with good efficiency could have is that it could expand the information & technology services from its business strategies, goals and needs. The main objective of this paper is to present relationship between objective, decision and performance for all hierarchical levels within a company, by identifying key factors and performance indicators, and present information tools that support performance management and decision making.

Nowadays, consumption of fried potatoes is highly growing and due to its high oil uptake during the process, it makes a lot of calories which are harmful to human Health; so, attempts to reduce the amount of absorbed oil will improve the health of society. In this research the effect of Psyllium seed hydrocolloid as coating material (0.5, 1%), changes in slices dimensions (6×1.25×1.25, 6×1.5×1.5) and predrying (reducing moisture to 60%) are assessed on the oil uptake by potatoes in the deep fat frying process individually and together. Results show that coating by Psyllium seed hydrocolloid due to its blocking nature causes decreasing the loss of moisture during the frying while water can control the amount of absorbed oil. Increasing in the concentration of hydrocolloid solution decreased the efficiency of frying, moisture (resulted from coating) and the tissue smoothness. Taste and color improved by predrying. The loss of moisture, the amount of coating and reduction in absorbed oil, also increased. Reducing in slices dimensions increased the efficiency of frying, coating percent and the tissue smoothness.

This paper contemplates a single vendor single buyer integrated production inventory problem with stochastic demand and transportation cost. Instead of constant lead time, it is assumed to be proportional to the size of vendor’s batch in each cycle. That is, lead time is composed of a lot size dependent run time and constant delay times such as moving, waiting and setup times. Transportation takes a crucial part in the manipulation of supply chain. The operation of transportation determines the efficiency of moving products. The problem is to find the number of shipments m, shipment size Q, safety factor k and the reorder point r. The objective is to minimize the joint total relevant cost incurred in the supply chain. A solution procedure is mentioned for solving the proposed model. Finally a numerical example is provided to illustrate the proposed model.

Companies are always looking for using novice methods and tools as the competitive advantages to achieve their goals, growth and profitability in the complex areas of markets. Human resources are the most important resource of any organization that has a significant impact on the company's plans. This article aims to examine the role of the role of creativity, integrity, innovation, professionalism and ethics in human resources given the process of globalization and the constant changes in the environment of the organization, the characteristics of the organization and an innovative and creative person is expressed and finally its effects in creating competitive advantage and the realization of success and profitability of insurance companies is taken into consideration. Therefore, this article reviews the insurance company in Zahedan, with an emphasis on human relations marketing, as well as surveys the impact of human resource characteristics on sales, customer loyalty and ultimately profitability.

My article explores the predicament of the marginalized women in the major plays of Tennessee Williams- one of the most prolific American dramatists of the 20th century. In his three major plays- “The Glass menagerie’, “A streetcar named desire” and “Summer and Smoke” we witness the women who live with a sense of despair- trapped and displaced by the patriarchal norms of the American society. Though Williams does not openly champion the rights of the woman in his plays, he however strongly empathizes with their marginalized existence in the contemporary society. They are portrayed as helpless figures, who have no control over their destinies and are alienated in their social circles. Blanche, Stella, Amanda, Laura and Alma are delicate and sensitive women who struggle their best to adjust with the society- but in the long run are misunderstood, rejected and victimized in the male-dominated American society. They inhabit a world of men, who are indifferent to their needs and to their womanhood. Each of these women loses her place in the world governed by the male characters. The pathos of Blanche, Laura, Amanda and Amanda is that they refuse to acknowledge their state of passivity and continue to struggle for their dignity and social standing even when the battle seems lost.