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Efficient energy conversion devices are the most important need of the hour looking at the global energy scenario. Catering to this need, better and more efficient designs are been put forward regularly. New and better methods of energy conversion are also been proposed. The use of Turbocharger in an engine is an example of the same. But the critical examination and of these devices is of utmost importance. Simulation is a tool that can reduce the efforts that need to be put in physically and can carry out virtual calculations and can respond the results too. There are various pre-programmed software that contain a variety of models that can be employed to study the parametric variation and carry out the simulation. This paper deals with study of three such turbulence models namely the k-epsilon, k-omega and the Shear Stress Transport model. A number of parameters will be considered and simulations will be carried out on all the three models with the view of determining the most suitable model among the three with the ability to provide optimum results for the study of a turbocharger turbine stator optimized for producer gas. The results will be obtained in the form of graphs and contour images which will be studied to determine the most suitable model for further use. Based on the results, suitable conclusion will be drawn and stated towards the end.

The inhibition effect of turmeric extract on Cu corrosion in 0.5N HCl acid has been studied by impedance, Polarisation, Cyclic-Voltametry and FTIR techniques between the 303K to 333 K. The inhibition efficiency increased with the concentration of turmeric extract. The corrosion rate increased with the increase in temperature and it redused when the extract is mearged in solution. The adsorption of extract on metal surface is obeying Langmur’s and Temkin’s isotherm. The thermodynamic data and results of other technique found that the rate of corrosion is redused.

This descriptive - analytical study using a document library and field studies aimed at identifying areas of effective In formation and development of strategies to deal with violence and consequently predicts took the field in 1391(2012). Violence tends to be short, areas are divided into four categories, this area include: Biological, psychological, social and cultural rights Most significant trends in the social context of violence and the social dimension, Structural disparities major role in people's attitudes to violence, especially violence and individual and group social uprisings. The main tool to deal with violence in society in terms of social trends, strategies that aim to reduce the level of structural disparities And the political and economic practices largely into two categories fit. In addition, specific skills training, life skills training, especially for handling anger plays a key role in curbing the violence. The practice of religious teachings and rituals can help people more effectively with stressful situations likely to be encountered.

A properly formed strategy in an organization helps determine the appropriate courses of action for achieving organizational objectives and purpose by performing a series of steps in sequential order (Thompson, Gamble, and Strickland, 2006). Despite this, various organizations are meeting challenges in their environments of operation leading them to restrategise their business operations. Compton (2004) points out challenges that are not limited to increased business complexity, changing customer’s preferences, technological changes and CSR expectation of the customers. As a result of this, it becomes a challenge for businesses, including the Sugar Manufacturing Firms (SMFs) to attain productivity and at the same time maintain performance levels that are suitable.

The growing population puts municipalities under pressure in managing waste The challenging task is to protect the environment and natural resources through waste management programs. If the sources are dumped in the landfill without sending it for treatment, the life span of dumping yard will not sustain. Hence a careful planning is required in carrying out these activities to accomplish this in a optimal way.

In recent years, the food industries experts have drawn their attention toward using high frequency ultrasound waves in producing processes. The main part of these equipments is the ultrasonic probe which called sonotrode. The performance of ultrasonic equipments depends on properly design of sonotrode shape. In this study, four methods were used to design the ultrasonic probes for use in food and chemical industries. Two types of probes, namely, step type and cylindrical type were considered and the related calculations for the both types of probes were performed based on the four design methods. For both of the cylindrical and step type probes, the length of the designed probe was equal to half of the ultrasonic wavelength. Modal analysis of the models were determined by the numerical simulation using finite element method (FEM) design procedures. The results showed that although the probe material does not affect vibration amplitude, it can affect stress distribution along the probe. In the cylindrical type probe, the maximum stress raised in the middle part of probe, whilst in the step type probe, regardless of design probe, the maximum stress was occurred in the surface variation location. Based on the results, to design a probe, it should be noted that the maximum created stress in the probe must not exceed the yield stress of the selected material.

The Loneliness scale was developed with the objective of testing the level of loneliness of adolescents. For construction of the scale, literature on loneliness was surveyed and scanned. This scale is meant for Indian adolescents ranging between the age group of 14 to 18 years and studying in the classes IX to XII. Present loneliness scale is a 5-point self-rating scale. Every item is in the question form. Five response categories are provided for responding to every question. The scale has undergone all the steps of construction and standardization including initial and final try out and hence can be used to assess loneliness among adolescents.

In the recent era, the extensive and rapid growth in internet technology is creating a important need to develop several newer techniques to protect authentication, ownership, copyright and content integrity of digital data. A proposed solution to this kind of problem is to digital watermarking. Digital watermarking has viable technique to the need of authentication, ownership, copyright and content integrity of digital data. Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) are two most popular tools used in watermarking algorithm to protect digital image. Aim of this paper is to provide robust technique based on combined DWT and DCT propose a new watermarking algorithm for digital image. Discrete wavelet transform is used to provide robustness and discrete cosine transform has shorter elapsed time, taking advantages of both this technique proposed a new digital image watermarking algorithm. Results show that this algorithm combines the advantages of these two transforms.

We are very happy to announce that from 18th October 2018, Dr. Ajit Dnyandeo Suryawanshi has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Physics. Dr. Ajit Dnyandeo Suryawanshi is working as Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Hon. B. J. College, Ale Ta. Junnar Dist. Pune, Maharashtra, India. The appointment of Dr. Ajit Dnyandeo Suryawanshi as member, Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal.

We are very happy to announce that from 14th April 2018, Dr. Ayman Shehata Mohammed Ahmed Osman El-Shazly has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He/She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Mathematics. Dr. Ayman Shehata Mohammed Ahmed Osman El-Shazly working as Lecturer, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt. The appointment of Dr. Ayman Shehata Mohammed Ahmed Osman El-Shazly as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com.