Social Sciences

One of the striking aspects of community development community stability is Feeling of security. Public safety requires the establishment of a society in which there exist the minimal structural elements such as social justice, provision of social justice, employment, freedom and sovereignty of people and their full participation, distribution of knowledge and information in society, social disorder, use of resources, scholars and social adjustment. The present study, by using field study and survey techniques, is to answer this question; what are the most important factors affecting the Feeling of security in cities? In the study population, 400 individuals of all the citizens of Bandar Abbas city who are more than 20 years old have been studied. The findings suggest that the Feeling of security among the residents of Bandar Abbas is fairly. There is a significant correlation between the Feeling of security with the variables of the city space, various internal and external mass media, economic-social bases and gender.

Helping English learners acquire a foreign language effectively is an essential issue which needs to be investigated. Obtaining a good listening comprehension which acts as a basis for the development of the other skills is very important. This study intended to explore and see whether using authentic English songs can improve the EFL learners’ listening comprehension. This paper reported the results of this study which was implemented on two groups in Tarlak English institute in Bandar Anzali. The study determined the effect of English songs on the language learners’ listening comprehension. This study was executed on 40 intermediate level students who were assigned to two groups as the control group and the experimental group. A pre and postlistening test was applied to both groups. The findings showed that the use of English songs had statistically significant impact on the language learners’ listening comprehension. Key Terms, listening, songs, authentic listening

The performance of pupils at the Kenya Certificate of Primary Education in public schools in Kenya remains a challenge since the number of pupils performing poorly is still high. In Matete Sub County, the performance of pupils at KCPE has been declining from the year 2012-2015, with a mean of 2.48. Therefore, the objective of the study was to find out the extent to which government policies affect the academic performance of primary school learners in Matete sub county, Kakamega county. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The study population comprised of 49 head teachers, 49 senior teachers, 75 standard eight class teachers, 1759 class eight pupils, and 1 Sub County Quality Assurance Officer. The study sampled 44 head teachers, 44 senior teachers and one sub-county Quality Assurance Officer who were selected through saturated sampling technique. Sixty-three class eight teachers were selected through simple random sampling technique. It also comprised 525 standards 8 pupils, who were selected through stratified sampling technique. Instruments for data collection were questionnaire, interview schedules, focus group discussions and document analysis guide. Face validity of the instruments was ascertained by experts in educational administration. Pilot study was carried out among 15 pupils, 5 head teachers, and 5 senior teachers. A Cronbach’s coefficient alpha of 0.7 was found; hence the instruments were reliable. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The qualitative data was transcribed and categorized on an on-going process as themes and sub themes emerge. The study showed that Government policies moderately affect academic performance with a mean of 3.39. Staffing policy as one of the government policy profoundly affected KCPE performance with a mean of 4.39.

Ethnic conflict is a worldwide issue that has challenged many countries since the second half of the twentieth century in particular. As multi-ethnic country Iran, which is positioned at the center of an ethnic conflict area namely the Middle East, has experienced many ethnic conflicts since the formation of the modern nation state in 1906, and especially after Iran’s Islamic revolution in 1979. The main ethnic groups involved in these conflicts are Kurds, Turkmen, Arabs, Baluchs and Azeries. Since the Revolution, Iran had attempted to quarrel the ethnic conflict severely. When Khatami took power, however, he behaved peacefully towards minorities and ethnic tensions eased. Based on the theory that states duplicate their domestic patterns of behavior in their inter-state relations, the paper intends to examine this theory in the case of Iran during Khatami’s administration. The article concludes that when Khatami came to office, he attempted to deal with the ethnic groups on the basis of democratic values. He extended these values to Iran’s foreign policy arena which led to an improvement in relations between Iran and other countries. In other words, he could replicate internal peaceful policy in Iran’s inter-state relations and he made a direct connection between these two spheres.

The school environment is one of the most important factor, in promoting learning at every stage of school life. If the environment is conducive, learning accelerates with time and age, that is true for CWSN too. School environment for ‘Children with special need’ consist of infrastructural design of the school, physical resources available at school, the academic resource available at classrooms and school, the behaviour of peers, seniors, school staff and teachers. It has been found that infrastructural facility like pathways, boundary wall, classrooms, toilets, drinking water improves CWSN enrolment as well as attendance. Analysis of data also demonstrates that beautification of school, cleanliness, behaviour of peers/teachers/support staff improves students engagement in school and learning. Teaching-learning aid of every kind support CWSN in engaging themselves in learning.

Participation is a phenomenon that has long been associated with the evolution of human life, but in the 1950s and 1960s, when imported programs from the West to developing was failed because of lack of people participation, regarding to this phenomenon and emphasis on its role as an agent of development was increased and after that, the foundation of development strategies, community participation approach was formed as a basic human need. Regarding to the importance of the topic in this research by using field method, techniques and survey questionnaire sought answers to this question” Social and cultural factors involved in the construction of mosques and religious site, what are people? Given the importance of social and cultural factors involved in the construction of mosques and popular religious site in this study to analyze the relationship between variables such as socio-economic status of family, religion, social trust, sex, age, and education as independent variables and relationships it was a turnout as the dependent variable. The results indicate that among all the independent variables with the dependent variable, there was a direct and significant relationship.

Family is an institution on one hand with the larger community and interact directly with other person in the relationship. It is important to the extent that some experts are considered to suppose it as a fundamental pillar of society and the realization of a healthy society depends on achieving a healthy family feel. Marital satisfaction is one of the essential factors in family stability and of the mental health of spouses and children as well as society. Several factors caused spouse to be satisfied in a marital relationship. Marital adjustment influences on many aspects of human life, individual and social. Regarding to the importance of this field of research methods, techniques and survey questionnaire sought answers to this question’’ what are the social factors influencing the conflict of spouses in Guilan-e-Gharb? Study sample are the married in Guilan-e-Gharb which number of 378 samples were analyzed. In order to answer the main question, this study is to analyze the relationship between variables such as fatalism, psychological well-being, family income, age of spouses during marriage as independent variables and conflict of spouses as the dependent variable. The results suggest that, there is significant relationship between psychological well-being variables, family income, and the age difference between spouses marriage duration with spouse conflict. There is no relationship between fatalism and conflicts between spouses.

Creativity plays an important role in learning and life for undergraduates who major in physics. There are many factors in physics help teachers to train students’ creativity. Teachers should have advanced education ideas about physics creativity education. There are several methods to foster students' creativity in physics instruction, such as strengthen the training of creative thinking, implement experiments and scientific practices, and grasp the principles of creativity.

The purpose of the study was to investigate teachers’ readiness on the implementation of the competency-based curriculum in private pre-schools in Keiyo North Sub-County, Nairobi City County. The study objective was to establish teachers’ readiness on the implementation of the competence-based curriculum in public pre-schools. The study adopted curriculum implementation theory and descriptive survey design. The target population was 38 public pre-schools, 38 head teachers and 320 pre-school teachers. Simple random sampling was used to select the sample which comprised 108 respondents, 96 pre-school teachers and 12 head teachers. Data was collected using questionnaires. The quantitative data was processed and analysed with the help of the SPSS software programme using Pearson product moment correlation. There was a positive influence of teacher readiness (r = .431) on implementation of competency-based curriculum. This implies that as the teacher readiness improved the on implementation of competency-based curriculum increased. Teachers’ should be adequately prepared in readiness for implementation of a new curriculum through in-service training, seminars and workshops for effective implementation of the curriculum.

The purpose of this paper is to empirically examine the extent to which job satisfaction correlate with organizational commitment focusing on bank employees specifically and private sector generally. The study also tries to identify the strongest variables of job satisfaction that contribute towards organization commitment. A sample of 200 respondents was randomly chosen in this survey which 150 respondents gave the feedback. Correlation and regression analysis are being used to determine the relationship between job satisfaction variables (company policy, salary, working condition, interpersonal relation and advancement) and organizational commitment. The result from hypotheses testing has shown that all independent variables have positive relationship with organizational commitment. Furthermore, the result on regression also shows that advancement has the strongest relationship with organizational commitment compare to other variables. As a conclusion, we do believe that the results could be used by organizations to increase their employees’ commitment and lead to further research in the future.