Management Arts

Present study aims to provide a thorough analysis of the various factors that are likely to affect tourism. The general perception is that terrorism is directly linked to the tourism industry and a rise in terrorism the security threat in Pakistan has resulted in the decline of the tourism industry. Therefore, it is necessary for the government to deal with the problem. The study analyzes the various factors effecting tourism and takes terrorism into focus. The concept is new and it surfaced initially during the 1970s. Through various research tools and techniques, we shall try to find the reasons behind the current state of affairs regarding the travel and tourism industry in Pakistan. The research aims to critically analyze the factors affecting the situation and to suggest a concrete solution to the problem through thorough analysis. The sample of the research consists of over 70 respondents that include the respondents from Pakistan as well as those from foreign countries. The research aims to provide a domestic as well as an international perspective on the state of tourism in Pakistan.

This research will explore conceptual framework of Globalization and subsequently discuss how Globalization affected contemporary work organization in general and Indian work organization located in special economic zones (sezs) in particular.This research is an exploratory qualitative study. It is based on extensive review of literature summing up the findings on the topic in question. Finally an answer to the issues discussed in the systematic literature review has been suggested at the conclusion.

This article studies the problems and obstacles impeding the development of tourism industry in Iran focusing on marketing and promotion. For this purpose, it initially deals with the literature of tourism and marketing and then the importance of the research is expressed. After the data was collected and analyzed, the following items were identified as main obstacles to the development of tourism industry in Iran: lack of promotion in Iran’s attractions in target markets; inefficiency of national and international transportation facilities and systems; low quality of services such as hospitality and entertainment facilities; International negative publicity against Iran and insufficient training of people who are involved in the country’s tourism industry. The results from the research indicated that lack of promotions in the target markets (outside Iran) has become an obstacle to attracting tourists to Iran and negative untrue publicity against Iran launched by some international communities has become an obstacle to attracting tourists to the country. It was also confirmed that lack of suitable accommodations and recreation/entertainment facilities has become an obstacle to attracting tourists to Iran and the low quality of transportation in the country has become an obstacle to attracting tourists to Iran.

This article deals with the role of religion of Islam in tourism industry. In this respect it studies the relationship between Islam and tourism, aspects of the interconnection between Islam and tourism, manners of Muslims as hosts and guests, and finally the international collaboration in Islamic tourism industry. The study showed the religion of Islam has had profound influences in destination conditions and inbound and outbound tourists and has been influential in determining the content, direction and implementation of tourism policy.

The objective of this paper is to analyze the different perspectives of the roles played by the maquiladora in Central America as a lever of economic growth and social development in the region. Maquiladoras are industries that import materials and equipment, perform assembly or manufacturing processes, then re-export the finished goods to other countries. After a brief historical review of the maquiladoras emergence in the Central America region, the context is analyzed to underline the legal regime of temporal import and legal regime of managerial oriented free zone or fiscal precinct. Afterwards, the impacts that the maquiladoras have had in the regional economic growth and employment generation under the variable of the Asian competence is analyzed. After the discussion, prospective scenarios are analyzed and several strategies are recommended, including the promoting and creation of maquiladoras that go beyond the competitive advantage of cheap human labor. The Central America countries must design and implement strategies of diversification of the maquiladora development process in industrial sectors that require greater added value and technological innovation.

Most developing countries embarked on trade liberalisation at the prescription of Bretton Wood institutions. Zambia abandoned planned economy with strong interventionist and developmental objectives in the tourism sector. The country delved deeper into neoclassical, neoliberal economic policies such as Mercantilism, Absolute Advantage, Comparative Advantage, Heckscher-Ohlin Factor Endowment, and Porter’ s Diamond when formulating the Tourism Development Policies. The key beneficiaries of this new public management approach to development, remains multi- national corporations within the hospitality sector in particular and tourism in general at the expense of local lodge owners. The key findings in this paper highlight poor real growth in the sector, inadequate occupancy rate of lodges, reduces break even and expansion of the sector, increase in foreign investors, lack of expansion of locally owned lodges, dwindling market share and fewer and fewer new lodges being established since the liberalisation of the sector. This paper argues that new public management approach to development drawn from neoclassical and neoliberal theories of trade are responsible for poor policy choices.

This paper expounds processes of read understood and information transferred from epistemology and ontology according to customers’ requirements of knowledge service. It points out that method frames of content contrast were to access knowledge points via study on definition of knowledge and forms of semantic description. Some literatures would be contrasted with couple to couple by computer technology in order to raise read understanding efficiency.

Innovation is the process through which the entrepreneur converts market opportunities into workable, profitable and marketable ideas. It is the application of something creative that has a significant impact on an organization, an industry or the society at large. Innovation is critical not only to facilitate differentiation, but also to bring about sustainable competitive advantage. The study employed survey research using questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. Two hundred subjects responded to the questionnaire. Five hypotheses were formulated and tested using multiple regression, t-test, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and Analysis of Variance. The study suggested, among other findings, that there is an association or relationship between cultural values and entrepreneurial innovativeness in Nigeria. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended among others that entrepreneurs should consider their cultural values and ethnic dispositions in their business pursuits since they can go a long way in determining entrepreneurial innovativeness.

The aim of the paper is to analyze the service quality of technical education being imparted by various institutes in Jammu region. The objective is to determine the satisfaction level of students and the study found that the gap between perception and expectation is negative which proves that no institution is considered satisfactory by the students. But comparing all, MIET is showing the best results in SERVQUAL measure as it has the least gap between perception and expectation. GCET is also scoring well in case of assurance as it has a well qualified teaching staff as compared to other private institutes and also provides assurance of Quality education and placement opportunities.