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Democracy in the context of Islam is perceived as the responsibility of an individual to choose leaders among them who are capable to withstand justice and prevent evil (amar ma’ruf nahi mungkar). Every Muslim needs to be aware that the responsibility of voting is compulsory for those who have qualified. In Malaysia, majority of the Islamic scholar (Ulema) has agreed that every Muslim has to be involved in the process of election and it is considered compulsory upon them as the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said “When three Muslim men are bound to travel, choose a leader among them” narrated by Abu Daud. In this article, Malay youth is the focus in order to view the involvement in proses of election through the registration as voters, checking the status of voting and participation in the upcoming election. A total of 906 respondents were identified to participate in this research by answering the questionnaire provided. Description method was used to analyse the criteria of the respondent and to identify the involvement of the Malay youth in the election process in Malaysia. The research outcome shows the higher statistic of the respondents to be involved in the upcoming election with 704 respondents (77.6%), compared to respondents who have registered as voters with 550 respondents (60.6%) and the respondents who have checked on the voting status with only 459 respondents (50.6%). Nevertheless, the highest total for the involvement in the next election will not bring any impact and will be meaningless to the overall involvement of youth in the election if there are still many of the Malay youth do not register as voters.

The study examines the various myths and misconception about HIV/AIDS in Wudil local community kano, Nigeria. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and questionnaire administrations were undertaken to gather data for the study. It was discovered that the people of the area believed that sharing food and cloth, among other things, with an infected person as well as insect bite can lead to HIV/AIDS infections. The people required enlightenment on the mode of transmission of the disease, the need for knowing one’s status and the means of protecting oneself from being infected with the disease. It was suggested, among other things, that constant counseling on HIV/AIDS should be accorded to the members of the community.

The main aim of this study is analysis Employees’ involvement and quality improvement in Iranian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This research is conducted based on descriptive and surveying method; to collect data, was chosen through questionnaire. For research’s purposes, a distinction was made between small firms (fewer than 50 employees) and medium-sized ones (between 50 and 250 employees), questionnaires was mailed to 600 Iranian SME randomly selected. The questionnaire was pre-tested and validated with the help of a panel of two academics/researchers on quality management issues and two quality managers in SME. Out of the sample, a total of 95 questionnaires were completed and returned. Data gathered through questionnaires were submitted to a set of statistical analyses tools, using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences), and punctually, some of Microsoft Excel’s statistics and data bases tools. In accordance with research purposes, univariate analyses were performed on issues strictly descriptive, while bivariate analysis tools were used on issues based on means comparison (Student’s T test and Chi-square test). Findings: showed that in considered society, most SME developed training programs specifically focused on quality improvement, suggesting that, beyond fostering quality improvement awareness, SME supply their employees with tools necessary to develop their skills and(or acquire new insights needed to improve their performance. These evidences may indicate that top management is aware about the importance of training and development focused on quality improvement, for effective employees’ participation in quality continuous improvement initiatives.

The study was carried out to establish The role of business ethics in the performance of small scale business, A case of small scale traders in Kisii town, This is because there have been shortcomings as far as service delivery to customers is concerned, The traders mishandle the customers, hike prices at any time, sell fake products to customers in guise that they are original and genuine, package and repackage some products and hood some essential products in anticipation of higher prices which has been a major problem. On the case of employees working in the small businesses there is lateness when reporting to work, leaves work earlier than the schedule time, The aim of this study is to find out the role of ethical issues in the operations of small scale Businesses in Kenya and their effects on customer and service delivery. The findings of the study will provide a more flexible and improved systems of management styles to meet the needs of the customers, promote customer loyalty to some products and specific traders, to create customer friendly environment to conduct business and provide high order services to customers. A cross-sectional survey was used, with the sampling frame comprising 200 small scale and 100 customers. Sets of both pre-tested structured and unstructured questionnaires were used to interview a random sample (300) derived using the formula of Israel (1992) of known target population, N. The data was analyzed with the aid of the SPSS (Version 11.5) computer software and presented in form of descriptive tabular summaries. Generally, ethics contribute positively to the business performance and general employee performance and increased customer loyalty to certain products and traders. Ethics should, therefore, be maintained and strengthened. The findings of this study would be useful as reference material for future research.

Since the intellectual capital provide a new and perfect model to observation of organizations real value, therefore, the tendency to evaluation of intangible assets true value of intellectual capital has increased in companies, shareholders (investors) and other stakeholders. This study investigates the relationship between the intellectual capital and its growth rate with earning management in accepted companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical society of study includes all Tehran Stock Exchange firms after put of certain conditions sampling was undertaken. Finally, during the period 2006 to 2013, 121 companies selected.The methodology of research is descriptive. Using a modified Jones discretionary accruals calculated as a measure to detect earnings management and then placed in the regression model defined earnings management, Hypotheses were tested. With the use of regression analysis the research hypotheses have been carried out. Also a number of control variables consist of Size and M/B have been used. The results of this study show that there is a significant relationship between intellectual capital and earnings management but there is a significant relationship between intellectual capital growth and earnings management.

Zinc is an essential heavy metal for human diet and it plays a significant role in metabolic process. The accumulation of zinc in different organs of Labeo rohita clearly shows that the accumulation directly proportional to the exposure period. In this work an attempt has been made to study the acute toxicity of heavy metal zinc and the effect of antidotes D-Penicillamine and Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid (EDTA) on the selected organs of the fresh water fingerlings of Labeo rohita using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. The concentration patterns in the organs of the fingerlings shows that liver is the major site to metal binding and muscle tissue accumulate least metal concentrations. It has also been observed using absorption spectroscopy that the administration of chelating agent D-Penicillamine reduces the zinc concentration in all tissues more effectively than the administration of the chelating agent EDTA.

Bringing the concepts of narratology and optional shifts together, the present research elaborated on Iran-Iraq War’s translated narration through a case study of a novel on this war. We analyzed the English translation of the Persian novel, Journey to Heading 270 Degrees, to examine how Iran-Iraq War narratives were translated and if and how the different narration of the translator affected the narratological aspect of the source narrative. To this end, Pekkanen (2010)’s model was applied to explore into the formal dissimilarities between the source text and the target text at the micro-textual level through a linguistic comparative analysis aimed at identifying optional shifts. Optional shifts were then categorized and the most frequent optional shifts, which made a pattern in the translated text, were identified. As the final step, the narratological aspect(s) were studied in the light of the optional shifts. Our analysis revealed that the optional shift of expansion-additions which were the most frequent shift type with 203 instances, contraction-deletions with 112 instances, and optional shifts of miscellaneous cases with 36 instances affected the degree of the specification as a narratological aspect in this study.

Gallbladder herniation is a complication of patient with antecedent of abdominal surgery. We report an old patient with history of appendectomy several years ago, consulting for abdominal swelling. Patient performed a CT scan. Patient diagnosed as gallbladder hernia. Patient was treated surgically and discharged in good clinical condition. Gallbladder hernia is a very rare condition that can occur at any age and can be treated surgically.

Damping is the material's ability to dissipate elastic strain energy during cyclic loading. Materials with high damping capacity are significant in the present day scenario for transportation and other industrial applications. The development of materials with high damping capacity is one of the efficient measures to reduce vibrations, thereby noise. Low weight materials like aluminum and magnesium have excellent mechanical properties, but poor in damping.

The study has been done on the basis of questionnaire survey in the twenty-degree engineering colleges from West Bengal and foreign countries by random selection, ten colleges from each to measure the current or baseline performance level. The feedback for this questionnaire survey has been considered independently for service providers such as administrators, faculties, other supporting staff as well as students who receive these services and are direct customers. A total of 2168 persons have been surveyed from the 20 colleges. The baseline or current performance level of the colleges has been assessed based on the sigma level through quantification of the survey questionnaire consisting of eight enablers. Each enabler contains several questions or drivers. A seven-point scale has been designed for each driver ranging from “Unsatisfactory” to “Outstanding”.