Management Arts

This paper examines the contribution of contemporary innovation practices in management to organizational success, nowadays management practice innovation is at the top of the strategic agenda of corporations. In fact, the current catch phrases of ‘creative response' and 'innovation’ can be traced back to the entrepreneurship school and the cultural school since they are the nature of innovation, the inherent logic of innovation. Innovation is crucial both to the survival and growth of businesses and to their Competitive positions although businesses can be as innovative as their rivals and play a "dynamic complementary" Organizational creation is fundamental to the process of innovation, it constitutes part of the system that produces it. The ability of an organization to innovate is a pre-condition for the successful utilization of inventive resources and new technologies. Conversely, the introduction of new technology often presents complex opportunities and challenges for organizations, leading to changes in managerial practices and the emergence of new organizational forms. Organizational and technological innovations are intertwined, organizational changes, alongside new products and processes, as well as new markets.

Today, use of techniques such as information aggregation and design of homogenous and integrated systems in the organizations have been turned into critical case. Selection of suitable tools and system for implementation of information aggregation structures and information fetching and access model with emphasis on knowledge management is one of the managerial considerations in usefulness of hidden and unhidden knowledge in the organizations. In order to implement knowledge management based information system, there is need for a systematic and long-term approach, but one can implement some degrees of this system with equipment available in the organizations. In this article, we present a combined model of knowledge management in organizational information databases information aggregation while studying concept of information aggregation and knowledge management with strategic look. What is important is that knowledge management will be used as an important but not main factor. For compiling information database architecture, techniques relating to XML and information saving have been regarded textual. Y7g bIn order to assess and optimize the compiled model, genetic algorithm techniques has been used. In the presented model, four operational modules have been specified on which basis 15 genes have been identified and genes are assessed and optimized with regard to theory of experts and final model was compiled on the basis of final output resulting from optimization.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the exogenous and endogenous factors that determine the strategy of de-internationalization of SMEs in the sector of the footwear in the Metropolitan Zone of Guadalajara (ZMG). The proposed model explains the adoption of the strategy of de-internationalization from studies of comparative cases of SMEs in the footwear sector of the ZMG. In-depth interviews were applied to managers and staff involved during the time that the company was exporting. Analysis points out that lack of strategic planning and the instability in the foreign currency exchange rate are major factors that determine the strategy of de-internationalization in SMEs in the ZMG. Also, it is evident that the strategic imbalance during the de-internationalization strategy is not considered as a failure, but rather as an opportunity to redirect it and thus grow in the local market.

The objective of this paper is to propose a framework on the relationship between developmental experiences, empowerment and perception of organizational support. This framework relies on the social exchange theory (SET), which proposed that employees who received developmental experiences and empowered by their organizations will view their organizations favorably. Review of past literatures is provided to establish the foundation for the proposed framework.

The aim of this study is to identify the impediments of developing medical tourism in Iran and categorize and prioritize them. Therefore, we interview 30 managers and key players in the industry of medical tourism which were in hospitals or medical tourism agencies. After extracting the important involved factors from our interviews, we design our questionnaire which was consist of 36 questions and distributed to 284 people in our sample. For analyzing data, Friedman test and t test were performed which use of SPSS 18 software. The results showed us the priority of the identified impediments is: factor conditions, strategy and structure, supporting industries and demand condition. According to our results we can say that government as a supporter in this industry can have crucial rule for setting rules and preparing safe and stable environment.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of favoritism and organizational politics on job satisfaction in public sector organizations of Pakistan. A convenience sampling technique was used to collect the data. 250 Questionnaires were distributed to full time employees of 15 public sector organizations. 222 usable questionnaires were retrieved. The main findings of this research are that favoritism and organizational politics have a positive relationship with job satisfaction in public sector of Pakistan. Conclusion, Recommendation and limitation of the study are also discussed.

Nowadays, due to global competition the growing, e-commerce is faced with increasingly complex challenges. E-commerce has been greatly influenced by online advertising sites. Online advertising is a form of promotion that uses the Internet and World Wide Web for the expressed purpose of delivering marketing messages to attract customers. However, the question is, do the IT managements know how to choose the best advertising site to introduce products and services? To answer this, it is necessary to recognize influential factors on choosing the best advertising site and current competition position based on agile capabilities. They have to, because managers cannot expect to find the method to achieve this goal, if they don’t have accurate data about the ranking of advertising sites. The goal of this paper is identify of agile capabilities and ranking advertisement sites by presenting a model based on the knowledge of multi criteria decision making. After determining criteria, weight devoting was performed by using the expert's views in the IT departments. Ultimately, ranking of advertisement sites was done by applying the algorithm of PROMETHEE .

Rapid entry of foreign or imported cars in the domestic market leaves Malaysian car manufacturers struggling to compete with their foreign counterparts. Despite of high sales, customer’s satisfactions towards national car were low as compared to imported cars. This prompted the current investigation with the objectives to identify the most important automobile attributes influencing customer’s satisfaction and also to determine the most appealing automobile attributes among major ethnic groups in Malaysia. This study employs survey approach where 370 responses were collected from car owners and drivers of national car in Klang Valley area. Results from the regression analysis showed that all variables namely safety feature, vehicle apperance, resale value and standing charges are related to customer’s satisfaction. Thus, all hypotheses were accepted. Secondly, all major ethnic groups; Malay, Indian and Chinese were influenced mostly by safety feature. In addition, the result depict that Chinese has lower satisfaction level towards national car consumption as compared to other races.

Knowledge management is one of the achievements of today's information age and knowledge with regard to the characteristics of the organizations and institutions specifically require the use of highly for the success of it. Therefore investigated the possibility of implementing knowledge management in organizations is the impact of high importance. In this context, the aim of the present study the feasibility of implementing knowledge management in university of Aran & Bidgol in building knowledge-based research model was used. Statistical research, university staff and faculty were 46 patients who were studied in the census, all the statistical community. Possibility of implementing knowledge management in the statistical model based on the variables of knowledge goals, knowledge identification, acquisition, development, sharing, use, maintenance and evaluation of knowledge was evaluated and the results showed that the implementation of knowledge management The university there. The proposals were presented to facilitate and strengthen the areas of knowledge management.

This paper aims at defining a specific model on the decision to engage in HR outsourcing.  There have been much deliberations that HR outsourcing as an organizational strategy has increased considerably over the last decade. Nevertheless, this trend has attracted little academic attention regarding the factors that influence the reliance on HR outsourcing. In this article, we provide a critical review on the contextual variables such as organizational size, strategic orientation, managers’ characteristics and environmental dynamism as primary determinants of the decision to outsource HR functions. This study adds to the present literature by explaining conceptually the linkages between these variables by applying both the resource-based view and transaction cost economics when making outsourcing decisions.