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Heavy metals on fly ash surface has tendency to leach and contaminate the ground water, which will affect the human by entering food chain. Present study has been carried out to assess the ground water contamination in the surrounding villages closer to two thermal power plants in Delhi, India. Ground water samples from different location within the 2 Km radius of both thermal power plants were collected and analyzed for heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni and Pb). This study indicates that the bore well and pond water within the study area is contaminated with higher concentration level of these heavy metals. The concentrations of these selected heavy metals are crossing the prescribed standard of drinking water quality in India. Supernatant of ash ponds contain heavy metals, needs remediation before discharging into the environment.

There is a depletion of Vitellaria paradoxa populations mainly due to agricultural encroachment, seasonal fires and over exploitation notwithstanding its numerous benefits. This has affected natural regeneration and altered population structure of the species. The objectives of the study were 1) to determine the density of regeneration, saplings and mature V. paradoxa under different land use types 2) to determine stand structure of V. paradoxa under various land use types and 3) to compare the population structure of saplings and mature trees. Fifteen plots each of 20*20m were established using systematic random sampling in different land use types: Cultivated fields, fallow land and virgin land for the measurement of tree heights, diameters and number of individuals. Fallow land recorded higher regeneration and saplings density compared to the other land uses. Mature V. paradoxa was dominant in cultivated land. Fallow land had more stable population with better regeneration compared to cultivated land and virgin land. Height of regeneration in cultivated land was significantly different (p?0.05) compared to the other land use types. There was no significant difference between saplings stand structure. Mature Vitellaria paradoxa stand structure in cultivated fields was significantly different (p?0.05) compared to the other land use types. This study confirms that different land use types influence the population structure of Vitellaria paradoxa and there is anthropic selection.

Clustering is a process that partitions data in such a way that homogeneous data items are grouped into sets which is referred to as clusters. When the content or structure changes over time of the multi-version XML documents then Clustering is done. In real-world applications, the number of changes from one version of an XML document to another version of an XML document cannot be predicted. It is always possible that an initial clustering solution becomes obsolete after the modification take place in document. XML clustering algorithms is use to calculate pair-wise distances between documents. A time-efficient technique determined the pair-wise distances in a timely manner. In this paper we proposed a time-efficient technique to reassess pair- wise distances between clustered multi-version XML documents which change over a time, without performing redundant calculations. While performing redundant calculations we considering the previously known distances and the set of changes which might have affected the documents versions Mining is the process of searching the XML documents from the formed clusters and extracting the particular data from that searched XML document. For mining we have one Metric which has details that in which cluster a particular record should be. So when we want any reports we directly go to metric and see where we will find¬ that records and directly access files inside that cluster.

We are very happy to announce that from 3rd April 2014, Dr. Chavan Balbhim Laxman has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Environmental Science. Dr. Chavan Balbhim Laxman is currently working as Professor & Head, Department of Environmental Science, School of Earth Sciences Solapur University, Pune –Solapur Highway, Kegaon, Solapur – 413255 (M.S.) India. The appointment of Dr. Chavan Balbhim Laxman as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

We are very happy to announce that from 17th March 2014, Dr. Shahla Simin has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. She will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on English Language and Literature. Dr. Shahla Simin is currently working as English Instructor, Department of English Language & Literature, University of Isfahan, Iran. The appointment of Dr. Shahla Simin as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com. Sincerely Editor-in-Chief

We are very happy to announce that from 13th December 2014, Dr. Suresh Kumar has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Nanostructures by Hydrothermal Process. Dr. Suresh Kumar currently working as Department of Electronic Science, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana-136119, India. The appointment of Dr. Suresh Kumar as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal. Please send any expressions of interest to elixirpublishers@gmail.com.

We are very happy to announce that from 11th November 2014, Dr.K.Selvaraju has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Nanotechnology, Computational and Theoretical Chemistry. Dr.K.Selvaraju currently working as Head, Department of Physics, Kandaswami Kandars College (Govt. Aided), Vellur- 638182, Namakkal, Tamil nadu, India. The appointment of Dr.K.Selvaraju as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal.

Nahj-al-Balagheh means a rhetorical way. It is a noteworthy series of Imam Ali’s words and syaings which guide human beings in different occasions and on various topics. Its words are considered the strongest words in guiding human beings after words of Quran and the Prophet Muhammad. Nahj-al-Balagheh is considered as the best path toward prosperity and human development. One of the topics which Imam Ali (A.S.) mentioned in different parts of Nahj-al-Balagheh is the topic of guidance and consulting. Guidance and consulting are regarded as the key issues in the development of behavior and personality. Based on this, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the effective factors in guidance and consulting. This was a descriptive paper in which the aim was to analyze either content or meanings. To reach such analyses, journals, websites, and analyses of different books were used. This paper includes two parts. In the first part, the effective factors on guidance and consulting are investigated as well as the role of a consultant, his characteristics, methods of consultation, and topics of consultation are sought from Imam Ali’s point of view and today’s science. In the second part, a short contrastive analysis between Imam Ali’s words/sayings and today’s science is conducted. The implication of the study is accepting the fact that science alone is not enough to educate human beings and that it is necessary to implement religion and the art of rhetoric to be able to guide humans towards education and prosperity.

Language and culture are intricately interwoven and inseparable. This paper tries to express that languages have significant effects on cultures and languages also are under impact of cultures. To express this mutual relationship, sociological and anthropological views in this relation are provided in this paper. It surveys the importance of culture in linguistic communication and in foreign language learning and explains about key concepts in language use and cultural knowledge.

We are very happy to announce that from 20th September 2014, Mr. Monday Uchenna Okoronkwo has joined the team of Elixir Editorial Advisory Board. He will carry a special responsibility for dealing with manuscripts based on Chemistry, Materials, Energy and Environment. Mr. Monday Uchenna Okoronkwo currently working as Graduate Assistant Lecturer, Abia State University Uturu, Nigeria. The appointment of Mr. Monday Uchenna Okoronkwo as member Editorial Advisory Board strengthens the links and will make it easier for prospective authors to establish contact with the journal.