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Little is known on effectiveness of community involvement in the management of Lake Victoria which supports over tens of millions of people. Co-management approach in fisheries management was adopted due to failure of the traditional fisheries management approaches. The continued decline in fish catch despite the implementation of the concept of co-management triggered the current study in beaches of Mbita District, Kenya. The objective of the study was to investigate the extent to which co-management has contributed to environmental management in beaches of Mbita District. The results of this study are useful in the formulation of policies on the management of fisheries resources at the beach and similar environments in the neighbourhood and beyond. They make important inputs to the body of existing knowledge on beach management. A cross-sectional survey design was used as a research design due to the expansive coverage of the study area. The research instruments were mainly questionnaires. The total population of the study comprised of 9,360 fisheries stakeholders who are members of 62 beaches in Mbita District, Kenya. A sample size of 384 was statistically derived from the target population to represent the entire population. Statistical sampling method was used to sample the beaches in the three divisions proportionately according to their percentage weight in terms of population size. Furthermore, a statistical theory sampling technique was used to sample beaches due to large numbers and expansive distribution along the shores of Lake Victoria. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and findings presented in tables. The study found that co-management approach had positively influenced fisheries resource’ conservation in Mbita District; and it established that co-management as strategy is effective in awareness creation in environmental management among the fisheries stakeholders and is key to a safe and healthy environment and active involvement of natural resource users such as the members of Beach Management Units (BMU) in environmental management. .Environmental management and participatory formulation of fisheries laws and regulations had been enhanced at the beaches in the district. The study recommended further study on co-management in other types of natural resource.

Iron deficiency chlorosis is a common problem for sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) grown on iron deficient calcareous soils. Iron is essential for chlorophyll synthesis and any deficiencies may hinder photosynthetic capabilities of the plant that may result in yield loss. Cultivar selection and/or proper management may reduce yield loss. The objective of this investigation was to identify the cultivars and determine the effect of ameliorative treatment for controlling iron deficiency chlorosis in sugarcane in Tamilnadu, India. A field experiment was conducted for fifteen sugarcane varieties with two treatments (control and amelioration). The leaf greenness was evaluated for chlorosis by SPAD chlorophyll meter readings and also using acetone extraction method. The metabolically active iron content of leaf was analysed by 1,10-orthophenanthroline extract. The ameliorated treatment was consistently better at reducing iron chlorosis scores and yield loss. The resistant genotypes had significantly lower chlorosis scores compared to the susceptible varieties. Iron deficiency chlorosis was adequately controlled by amelioration treatment and/or using resistant genotypes may be the more effective treatment for yield improvement.

The authors examined computer-mediated-communication technologies, perceived social support, perceived cultural distance, and socio-cultural adjustment in 80 international undergraduate students. Findings revealed that computer-mediated-communication technologies not elated to socio-cultural adjustment. Perceived social support and perceived cultural distance were positively related to socio-cultural adjustment in international students.

Evaluation of 20 min. shot peening surface treatment on fatigue strength of 6063-T6 Al allay is presented under 3.5% NaCl solution from one day, one week and one month under room temperature and stress ratio R= -1. The results show that the shot peening has strong effect on the fatigue strength at 107 cycles for corroded specimens. In case of shot peening ,only 17.5% loss in fatigue strength even after submerging for one week compared with 60% of the fatigue strength was reduced in case of un shotted specimen . But for one month pre – corroded specimens, the fatigue strength was reduced by 64% in corrosion environment while shot peening improved the above reduction to be about 44%.

Innovations are increasing being looked upon to solve many an organizational problems, be it product development, service delivery ormanaging human resource. The importance is the third aspect is felt more strongly due to the fact that talented manpower which fits the organizational culture and value system is hard to find and retain. The HR professionals are adopting innovative HR practices apart from an attractive and competitive salarypackage to attract and retain talent. But one major grey area that is ignored is the image the employer is conveying to attract the desired pool and the image the present employees foster. With the serious talent crunch faced by India Inc innovative HR practices has to be adopted to create a favorable Employer brand. This paper focuses on the innovative HR practice which can be adopted to overshadow the grey areas .We, authors have coined the term ,”Crunch branding” which will be a effective tool to be used for employee retention.

The last 15 years of post-conflict activities in Liberia had witnessed series of struggles for sustainable peace and democratic system due to mis-conduct in governance that has become barrier to the peace and security of Liberians. This study examines and analyses issues on post-conflict peacebuilding and democratic governance from1997 to 2012 in Liberia. Internet explorations, magazines, newspaper cut-out, books and journals were the instruments of data collection. Improperly disarmed, demobilised, rehabilitated and reintegrated of the ex-combatants and displaced populations coupled with different scales of human suffering and rights violation, corrupt practices, absence of true democratic governance, sustainable economy plans, etc. were identified as factors that proliferated insecurity across the country. Failure of government to impact democratically on social system metamorphosed into different agitations and protests. Poor visionary and committed leaders were attributed to the parlous state of post-conflict situations to the extent that citizens found it difficult to vote for any candidates due to lack of trust and confidence building. Suggestions for sustainable peace and true democratic practices were proffered.

Public concern for ecological issues has shown an increase over the past three decades. In this modern era of social marketing, ethics in business have become strategic decisions in marketing. Marketers have started responding to consumers’ growing ecological consciousness by developing environment friendly products. Consumers have positive attitudes towards green buzz but this positive attitude in environment issues is not translated fully into the interest consumer show in their scrutiny behaviours. This study determines to find the impact of demographic factors upon green perception. A survey was conducted to gather responses from respondents of Amritsar and Jalandhar region (Indian cities). A total of 119 respondents, responded to a 10 questions questionnaire. The result indicated that Gender plays a significant role in formation of green perception.

Environmenatal factors such as climate change, gradual decrease in water resources and threatened habitants prompted the need to monitor our environment and implement better policies to protect it, thus monitoring soil pF (potential factor) values become increasingly important for environmental monitoring. The commonly available instrument(tensiometer) do not measure the range of available moisture in all soil types rather measures soil water suction. The need to measure the range of available moisture in all soil types with accuracy led to the modification of tensiometer for satisfactory laboratory results. Due to the shortcomings associated with tensiometer readings, the pressure membrane apparatus is an important instrument for optimizing irrigation and erosion prediction models.This pressure membrane with extractor has two main components:a porous plate with air entry pressure and a sealed pressure cell. The soil from which pF value was to be determined was placed in a chamber in which the pressure increased above atmospheric pressure. The side of the chamber which supports the soil consists of a pressure relief valve supported on a pressure hose. This is to ensure that the extractor chamber was not over-pressurized. The soil water potential with the corresponding mositure contents of four soil samples: A (clay soil), B(loamy soil), C (sandy soil) and D (silt) obtained from different locations were determined using pressure membrane apparatus. At a potential of 104hPa, samples A,B,C,D showed moisture content of 0.05,0.25,0.30, and 0.45cm3/cm3respectively. From the obtained results, at potentail close to zero, sandy soil is close to saturation and moisture held in the soil, primarily by capillary forces. From the laboratory analysis, moisture content decreases with high moisture cohesion.

In this study the determinants of share price movements of sugar sector of Pakistan are determined. Data is taken from 2005-2010 of each company of sugar sector. Data is analyzed using three methods as by descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis. As in this study ROA (return on assets), ROCE (return on capital employed), EPS (earning per share) and dividend are used as an independent variables and share prices as dependent variable. Relationship between variables is determined through correlation and how much change in dependent variable due to independent variables is determined by regression analysis. Result show that 13.25%variation in dependent variable is explained by ROA, ROCE, EPS and dividend.

Wetlands are the sites of natural succession and therefore contain all the groups of plant kingdom in a single place. The present paper encompasses the floristic account of Pteridophytes occur in wetland of Gorakhpur and adjacent districts of Uttar Pradesh. In this region, varies wetlands like Ramgarh Tal, Tura Nala, Salona Tal, Narya Tal, and Ratoi Tal and varies small water bodies. A total of 20 Pteridophytes species were recorded from the wetland.