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In today’s dynamic world where innovation is central to organizational long-term success, national culture shaped the behavior of individual and organizations which in turn affects their innovative capability. This research has analyzed the Hofstede’s cultural dimensions effects on organizational innovativeness. We have based our study on the dimensions which are taken form Hofstede’s model, which included; Power Distance, Masculinity versus Femininity, Long & short term approach, Avoidance to uncertainties and Collectivism. We have aggregated data form 350 differential organizations which belong to various sectors of Pakistan. We have utilized Structure Equation Modeling technique to examine and interpret data. The study has found, higher power distance and uncertainty avoidance are having distressing relationship with organization innovativeness. On the other hand collectivism, short term approach and masculinity are having significant relationship impact with organizational innovativeness.

The effect of temperature dependent viscosity and thermal conductivity on magneto hydrodynamic flow, heat and mass transfer of an incompressible micropolar fluid past an accelerated infinite vertical plate is studied where the viscosity and thermal conductivity are assumed to be inverse linear functions of temperature. The partial differential equations governing the flow, heat and mass transfer of the problem are transformed into dimensionless form of ordinary differential equations by using similarity substitutions. The governing boundary value problems are then solved numerically using shooting method. The effects of various parameters viz. viscosity parameter, thermal conductivity parameter, mass transfer parameter, coupling constant parameter, Prandtl number, Schmidt number, Grashoff number, Reynolds number and magnetic parameter on velocity, micro-rotation, temperature and concentration field are obtained and presented graphically. The Skin-friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are also computed and presented in table.

Computer and network based technologies now hold great potential for increasing the access to information as well as a means of promoting learning and that shape the process of education. Schools and classrooms never before had such universal access to information. Technologies are transforming classrooms into more engaging, collaborative and productive learning environments in which instructions can be customized to student’s specific needs, interests and learning styles. It is also redefining the way educators teach as well as the role they serve – from being the sole source of information to being a guide, facilitator and coach in the learning process.

Mefenamic acid, an anti-inflammatory drug, exhibits poor water solubility, dissolution and flow properties. Thus, the aim of the present study was to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of Mefenamic acid by preparing crystals by freeze drying technique. Mefenamic acid crystals were prepared by freeze drying using THF, isopropyl acetate and water as solvents system to enhance solubility and dissolution rate. The prepared crystals containing Mefenamic acid were evaluated for in vitro dissolution and solubility. The prepared formulations were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimeter, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Dissolution profile of the freeze dried crystals was compared with its recrystallized sample and pure sample. The samples were stored in stability chamber to investigate their physical stability Freeze dried crystals exhibited decreased crystallinity and the solubility and dissolution of the mefenamic acid crystals were significant improved compared with its recrystallized and pure sample of mefenamic acid. In stability test, the release profile of the freeze dried crystals was almost unchanged as compared with the freshly prepared freeze dried crystals stored at 40 ⁰C and 75% relative humidity for 90 days. Hence this technique can be used for formulation of tablets of mefenamic acid by direct compression with directly compressible tablet excipients.

There are two basic conditions necessary for the occurrence of wind erosion in widespread locations. Firstly it must occur regions that have constant winds and the second condition is that the soil must be dry so that it can be easily transported by wind and its average annual precipitation must be less than 250 mm. This study aimed to estimate seasonal and annual rainfall of Khorasan Razavi province with a 20-year period using three geostatistical methods: kriging, IDW and Cokriging. Results showed that between the three geostatical methods that were used in this study, Cokriging showed higher accuracy than the other two methods (based on RMSE and ME less), so the final maps were prepared using his method. Based on the analysis of statistical data in the SPSS software and the variogram , the most appropriate data model for the seasonal and annual precipitation maps that was selected was the ArcGIS9.3 software. According to the maps, the more north you go the more precipitation occurs; which shows the correlation between height and precipitation. Thus the correlation coefficient between height and seasonal and annual precipitation is stronger, and there will be higher accuracy of prediction through Cokriging. These factors are also effective in wind erosion when the amount of annual rainfall and distribution is in different seasons. According to the results obtained, areas other than the north and northwest, particularly in the eastern provinces are prone to wind erosion.

This descriptive study explores the ontological and anthropological analysis of the philosophical perspective of pragmatism and their impact on education is discussed. The most important principle in ontology pragmatists, "the change "that meets the changing and everything is changing Pragmatic view of human life balance and continuous world. Humans are not separate from nature. This school over other schools of education focused on the problem of human existence. In this view of the philosophy of education theory in the broad sense of the word. Pragmatists are active in school and student activist. Education consists of rehabilitation of individual experiences in his life is going. This approach is child-centered education. The teacher's role in guiding and fellow students. Introduction philosophy of pragmatism (ontology and anthropology) and business-based training and the ability to review and explore the strengths and weaknesses of educational philosophy of Pragmatism is the subject of this article and also The overall aim of the study: Evaluation of the ontology School Pragmatism and Its Impact on Education.

The devastation caused by malaria in the sub-Saharan African countries has led to alarming and unprecedented search for cure, especially herbals. This has prompted the evaluation of bark extract of E. chlorantha though a known anti-malarial agent for other therapeutic effects. Thirty-two mature male albino rats weighing between 90 – 120g were randomly grouped into four with eight rats per group and administered 0, 200, 400, and 600mg/kg of the extract per body weight for 30 days through oral gavage. Results showed that there were significant effects (P < 0.05) of E. chlorantha treatment on sperm quality but weight of epididymes and testes revealed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Hormonal profile also showed significant differences (P < 0.05) on treatment but the dosage administered should be monitored. Correlation result revealed that there were significant positive relationships between sperm count and follicle stimulating hormone (0.686*), sperm viability and prolactin level (0.958**), follicle stimulating hormone and testosterone (0.687*) while a negative correlation were observed between weight of testis and luteinizing hormone (-0.740*), luteinizing hormone and progesterone (-0.814*) and between follicle stimulating hormone and progesterone (-0.704*). Succinctly, our results are suggestive of the fact that E. chlorantha is a multipurpose medicinal herb as it can be used as an anti-malarial agent and fertility booster, especially when administered at lower dosages.

In this paper, we prove the existence of mild solutions for fractional semilinear integro- differential systems with infinite delay in ?-norm in Banach spaces. The results are obtained by using Banach contraction principle and Schauder's fixed point theorem. In the end, we give an example to illustrate the applications of the abstract results.

In this work, an experimental study to obtain the fatigue endurance limit for an aluminum alloy7075-T651 were carried out at stress ratio R=-1 and rotary bending tests. The fatigue tests were performed at RT and 250 °C in order to establish the S–N curve equations. The fatigue endurance limits for the alloy at different temperature conditions were calculated at 107 cycles from the empirical S-N curve equations. It was found that the fatigue endurance limit decrease with increasing the temperature. Also The effect of shot peening on the rotating bending fatigue behavior of 7075-T651 was studied. The fatigue strength of specimens tested at250oC at 107cycles is reduced about 12%. The fatigue strength of specimens tested at250oC prior to (10 min.) SP at 107cycles is increased by 7.2%. The roughness of the samples increases after shot peening which leads to the deterioration of the fatigue strength, because the surface of the samples become prone to nucleation of cracks.

The Baylis-Hillmann reaction of 8-formyl-7-hydroxy furyl chromones on react with Acrylonitrile in DABCO/CHCl3 medium under nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature gives of 2-(2-furyl)-3-methyl-4oxo-4H,8H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromene-9-carbonitrilies (4a-h) in good yields.